California · Senate Bill · 2025–2026 Regular Session
SB259
California SB 259 — Fair Online Pricing Act

Status ● Failed Effective N/A Passage Likelihood H

How Is This Bill Enforced

Enforcement Authority
No enforcement mechanism is specified in the bill text. No designated agency enforcer is named and no private right of action is created. Enforcement would presumably fall under the general consumer-protection authority of the California Attorney General or district attorneys.
Private Right of Action
No private right of action. Enforcement is exclusive to the designated authority.
Penalties
The bill specifies no penalties, damages, or remedies. Enforcement remedies would depend on the general Business and Professions Code enforcement framework.

What This Bill Requires

Verbatim statutory text on the left; plain-language analysis and a per-section checklist on the right. Numbered markers cross-link to the matching checklist row.

Statutory Text
Analysis & Obligations
Section 1
Short title

This act shall be known as the Fair Online Pricing Act.

This section establishes the short title of the act as the Fair Online Pricing Act. It imposes no compliance obligation.

Bus. & Prof. Code § 22949.82
Definitions

(a) "Hardware stateHardware state"Hardware state" means a condition or mode of existence of a system, component, or simulation, including, but not limited to, battery life, number of wireless connections detected, and age of the device.Bus. & Prof. Code § 22949.82(a)" means a condition or mode of existence of a system, component, or simulation, including, but not limited to, battery life, number of wireless connections detected, and age of the device.

(b) "Online deviceOnline device"Online device" means a physical object that has built-in resources that allow it to communicate through the internet or a short-range wireless technology and react to interface conditions, including, but not limited to, a laptop computer, a desktop computer, a tablet, a smartphone, or other smart hardware.Bus. & Prof. Code § 22949.82(b)" means a physical object that has built-in resources that allow it to communicate through the internet or a short-range wireless technology and react to interface conditions, including, but not limited to, a laptop computer, a desktop computer, a tablet, a smartphone, or other smart hardware.

This section defines two key terms — hardware state and online device — that scope the operative provisions. Hardware state is defined broadly to include battery life, wireless connections detected, and device age. Online device covers any internet-connected or short-range-wireless device capable of reacting to interface conditions.

Bus. & Prof. Code § 22949.82.1
Prohibited pricing inputs and price-input disclosure
Deployer

(a) 1 A price, surcharge, or fee displayed on a consumer's online deviceOnline device"Online device" means a physical object that has built-in resources that allow it to communicate through the internet or a short-range wireless technology and react to interface conditions, including, but not limited to, a laptop computer, a desktop computer, a tablet, a smartphone, or other smart hardware.Bus. & Prof. Code § 22949.82(b) shall not be generated in whole, or in part, based on any of the following input data: (1) The hardware or hardware state of the online deviceOnline device"Online device" means a physical object that has built-in resources that allow it to communicate through the internet or a short-range wireless technology and react to interface conditions, including, but not limited to, a laptop computer, a desktop computer, a tablet, a smartphone, or other smart hardware.Bus. & Prof. Code § 22949.82(b). (2) Software on the online deviceOnline device"Online device" means a physical object that has built-in resources that allow it to communicate through the internet or a short-range wireless technology and react to interface conditions, including, but not limited to, a laptop computer, a desktop computer, a tablet, a smartphone, or other smart hardware.Bus. & Prof. Code § 22949.82(b). (3) Geolocation data.

(b)–(c) 2 Subject to subdivision (c), a person shall cause to be placed adjacent to any price, surcharge, or fee displayed by the person to a consumer on the consumer's online deviceOnline device"Online device" means a physical object that has built-in resources that allow it to communicate through the internet or a short-range wireless technology and react to interface conditions, including, but not limited to, a laptop computer, a desktop computer, a tablet, a smartphone, or other smart hardware.Bus. & Prof. Code § 22949.82(b) a conspicuous link that meets all of the following criteria: (1) The link is clickable text that, if clicked, displays or links to a list containing any input data used to generate the price, surcharge, or fee. (2) The text of the link is in a type size that is at least 90 percent of the type size of the displayed price, surcharge, or fee. (3) The link can be used to download the list of input data or to have the list of input data sent to an email address of the consumer's choice. (c) If an online deviceOnline device"Online device" means a physical object that has built-in resources that allow it to communicate through the internet or a short-range wireless technology and react to interface conditions, including, but not limited to, a laptop computer, a desktop computer, a tablet, a smartphone, or other smart hardware.Bus. & Prof. Code § 22949.82(b) cannot display a link pursuant to subdivision (b) because the online deviceOnline device"Online device" means a physical object that has built-in resources that allow it to communicate through the internet or a short-range wireless technology and react to interface conditions, including, but not limited to, a laptop computer, a desktop computer, a tablet, a smartphone, or other smart hardware.Bus. & Prof. Code § 22949.82(b) lacks a physical display, the person shall create an alternate mechanism for providing access to the list of input data.

This section contains the bill's two core operative provisions. Subdivision (a) prohibits generating any price, surcharge, or fee displayed on a consumer's online device based, in whole or in part, on three categories of input data: the device's hardware or hardware state, software installed on the device, or geolocation data. This is a categorical ban — it does not turn on intent or knowledge.

Subdivisions (b) and (c) impose a transparency obligation: any person displaying a price on a consumer's online device must place an adjacent conspicuous link that, when clicked, discloses all input data used to generate that price. The link text must be at least 90% of the price's type size, and the consumer must be able to download the input-data list or have it emailed. An alternate mechanism is required for devices without a physical display.

Compliance actions 2 items
1
Any person displaying a price, surcharge, or fee on a consumer's online deviceOnline device"Online device" means a physical object that has built-in resources that allow it to communicate through the internet or a short-range wireless technology and react to interface conditions, including, but not limited to, a laptop computer, a desktop computer, a tablet, a smartphone, or other smart hardware.Bus. & Prof. Code § 22949.82(b) must not generate that price based, in whole or in part, on: (1) the hardware or hardware state of the online deviceOnline device"Online device" means a physical object that has built-in resources that allow it to communicate through the internet or a short-range wireless technology and react to interface conditions, including, but not limited to, a laptop computer, a desktop computer, a tablet, a smartphone, or other smart hardware.Bus. & Prof. Code § 22949.82(b), (2) the software on the online deviceOnline device"Online device" means a physical object that has built-in resources that allow it to communicate through the internet or a short-range wireless technology and react to interface conditions, including, but not limited to, a laptop computer, a desktop computer, a tablet, a smartphone, or other smart hardware.Bus. & Prof. Code § 22949.82(b), or (3) geolocation data.
2
Any person displaying a price, surcharge, or fee on a consumer's online deviceOnline device"Online device" means a physical object that has built-in resources that allow it to communicate through the internet or a short-range wireless technology and react to interface conditions, including, but not limited to, a laptop computer, a desktop computer, a tablet, a smartphone, or other smart hardware.Bus. & Prof. Code § 22949.82(b) must place adjacent to that price a conspicuous clickable link that: (1) when clicked, displays or links to a list of all input data used to generate the price, surcharge, or fee; (2) uses text at least 90% the type size of the displayed price; and (3) allows the consumer to download the input-data list or have it emailed to an address of the consumer's choice. If the online deviceOnline device"Online device" means a physical object that has built-in resources that allow it to communicate through the internet or a short-range wireless technology and react to interface conditions, including, but not limited to, a laptop computer, a desktop computer, a tablet, a smartphone, or other smart hardware.Bus. & Prof. Code § 22949.82(b) lacks a physical display, the person must provide an alternate mechanism for accessing the input-data list.

Passage Likelihood

Failed
Status Failed
Final action Ordered to inactive file on request of Assembly Member Aguiar-Curry.

Legislative History

2025-02-03 Introduced. Read first time. To Com. on RLS. for assignment. To print.
2025-02-04 From printer. May be acted upon on or after March 6.
2025-02-14 Referred to Com. on RLS.
2025-03-24 From committee with author's amendments. Read second time and amended. Re-referred to Com. on RLS.
2025-04-02 Re-referred to Com. on JUD.
2025-04-04 Set for hearing April 22.
2025-04-08 From committee with author's amendments. Read second time and amended. Re-referred to Com. on JUD.
2025-04-23 From committee: Do pass as amended. (Ayes 11. Noes 1. Page 833.) (April 22).
2025-04-24 Read second time and amended. Ordered to third reading.
2025-05-28 Read third time. Passed. (Ayes 30. Noes 9. Page 1295.) Ordered to the Assembly.
2025-05-28 In Assembly. Read first time. Held at Desk.
2025-06-05 Referred to Coms. on P. & C.P. and JUD.
2025-06-13 From committee with author's amendments. Read second time and amended. Re-referred to Com. on P. & C.P.
2025-06-19 From committee with author's amendments. Read second time and amended. Re-referred to Com. on P. & C.P.
2025-06-25 From committee: Do pass and re-refer to Com. on JUD. (Ayes 10. Noes 4.) (June 24). Re-referred to Com. on JUD.
2025-07-02 July 8 hearing postponed by committee.
2025-07-10 From committee with author's amendments. Read second time and amended. Re-referred to Com. on JUD.
2025-07-16 From committee: Do pass. (Ayes 8. Noes 3.) (July 15).
2025-07-17 Read second time. Ordered to third reading.
2025-09-05 Read third time and amended.
2025-09-05 Ordered to third reading.
2025-09-09 Joint Rule 61(a)(13) suspended. (Ayes 60. Noes 20. Page 3128.)
2025-09-09 Read third time and amended.
2025-09-09 Ordered to third reading.
2025-09-12 Ordered to inactive file on request of Assembly Member Aguiar-Curry.

Entry Last Reviewed

2026-05-09
AI generated