WHAT THIS BILL REGULATES · 1 REQUIREMENT TYPE
How Is This Bill Enforced
Verbatim statutory text on the left; plain-language analysis and a per-section checklist on the right. Numbered markers cross-link to the matching checklist row.
(1) "ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCEArtificial intelligence"Artificial intelligence" has the same meaning as "artificial intelligence system" as set forth in section 6-1-1701 (2).C.R.S. § 8-13.6-101(1)" HAS THE SAME MEANING AS "ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCEArtificial intelligence"Artificial intelligence" has the same meaning as "artificial intelligence system" as set forth in section 6-1-1701 (2).C.R.S. § 8-13.6-101(1) SYSTEM" AS SET FORTH IN SECTION 6-1-1701 (2).
(2) "DEVELOPERDeveloper"Developer" means an employer as defined in section 8-4-101 (6) or an entity that contracts with five or more independent contractors in the state each year and that has trained at least one foundation model at a computational cost of at least one hundred million dollars as measured by the average cost of an equivalent amount of cloud computing at the time that training commences.C.R.S. § 8-13.6-101(2)" MEANS AN EMPLOYEREmployer"Employer" has the meaning set forth in the federal "Fair Labor Standards Act of 1938", 29 U.S.C. sec. 203 (d).C.R.S. § 8-13.6-101(3) AS DEFINED IN SECTION 8-4-101 (6) OR AN ENTITY THAT CONTRACTS WITH FIVE OR MORE INDEPENDENT CONTRACTORS IN THE STATE EACH YEAR AND THAT HAS TRAINED AT LEAST ONE FOUNDATION MODELFoundation model"Foundation model" means an artificial intelligence model that: (a) is trained on broad data; (b) uses self-supervision in the training process; and (c) is applicable across a wide range of contexts.C.R.S. § 8-13.6-101(4) AT A COMPUTATIONAL COST OF AT LEAST ONE HUNDRED MILLION DOLLARS AS MEASURED BY THE AVERAGE COST OF AN EQUIVALENT AMOUNT OF CLOUD COMPUTING AT THE TIME THAT TRAINING COMMENCES.
(3) "EMPLOYEREmployer"Employer" has the meaning set forth in the federal "Fair Labor Standards Act of 1938", 29 U.S.C. sec. 203 (d).C.R.S. § 8-13.6-101(3)" HAS THE MEANING SET FORTH IN THE FEDERAL "FAIR LABOR STANDARDS ACT OF 1938", 29 U.S.C. SEC. 203 (d).
(4) "FOUNDATION MODELFoundation model"Foundation model" means an artificial intelligence model that: (a) is trained on broad data; (b) uses self-supervision in the training process; and (c) is applicable across a wide range of contexts.C.R.S. § 8-13.6-101(4)" MEANS AN ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCEArtificial intelligence"Artificial intelligence" has the same meaning as "artificial intelligence system" as set forth in section 6-1-1701 (2).C.R.S. § 8-13.6-101(1) MODEL THAT: (a) IS TRAINED ON BROAD DATA; (b) USES SELF-SUPERVISION IN THE TRAINING PROCESS; AND (c) IS APPLICABLE ACROSS A WIDE RANGE OF CONTEXTS.
(5) "WORKERWorker"Worker" means an individual who performs services for and under the control and direction of a developer for wages or other remuneration. "Worker" includes: (I) an employee as defined in section 8-4-101 (5); (II) an independent contractor; or (III) a corporate officer.C.R.S. § 8-13.6-101(5)" MEANS AN INDIVIDUAL WHO PERFORMS SERVICES FOR AND UNDER THE CONTROL AND DIRECTION OF A DEVELOPERDeveloper"Developer" means an employer as defined in section 8-4-101 (6) or an entity that contracts with five or more independent contractors in the state each year and that has trained at least one foundation model at a computational cost of at least one hundred million dollars as measured by the average cost of an equivalent amount of cloud computing at the time that training commences.C.R.S. § 8-13.6-101(2) FOR WAGES OR OTHER REMUNERATION. (b) "WORKERWorker"Worker" means an individual who performs services for and under the control and direction of a developer for wages or other remuneration. "Worker" includes: (I) an employee as defined in section 8-4-101 (5); (II) an independent contractor; or (III) a corporate officer.C.R.S. § 8-13.6-101(5)" INCLUDES: (I) AN EMPLOYEE AS DEFINED IN SECTION 8-4-101 (5); (II) AN INDEPENDENT CONTRACTOR; OR (III) A CORPORATE OFFICER.
This section defines five terms used throughout Article 13.6. The key scope-setting definition is Developer, which limits coverage to entities that have trained at least one foundation model at a computational cost of at least $100 million (measured by equivalent cloud-computing cost at training commencement) and that are either employers under § 8-4-101(6) or entities contracting with five or more independent contractors in Colorado annually. Worker is defined broadly to include employees, independent contractors, and corporate officers. The definition of artificial intelligence incorporates by reference the definition from Colorado's 2024 AI Act at § 6-1-1701(2).
(1) 1 A DEVELOPERDeveloper"Developer" means an employer as defined in section 8-4-101 (6) or an entity that contracts with five or more independent contractors in the state each year and that has trained at least one foundation model at a computational cost of at least one hundred million dollars as measured by the average cost of an equivalent amount of cloud computing at the time that training commences.C.R.S. § 8-13.6-101(2) SHALL NOT PREVENT A WORKERWorker"Worker" means an individual who performs services for and under the control and direction of a developer for wages or other remuneration. "Worker" includes: (I) an employee as defined in section 8-4-101 (5); (II) an independent contractor; or (III) a corporate officer.C.R.S. § 8-13.6-101(5) FROM, OR RETALIATE AGAINST A WORKERWorker"Worker" means an individual who performs services for and under the control and direction of a developer for wages or other remuneration. "Worker" includes: (I) an employee as defined in section 8-4-101 (5); (II) an independent contractor; or (III) a corporate officer.C.R.S. § 8-13.6-101(5) FOR, DISCLOSING OR THREATENING TO DISCLOSE INFORMATION TO THE DEVELOPERDeveloper"Developer" means an employer as defined in section 8-4-101 (6) or an entity that contracts with five or more independent contractors in the state each year and that has trained at least one foundation model at a computational cost of at least one hundred million dollars as measured by the average cost of an equivalent amount of cloud computing at the time that training commences.C.R.S. § 8-13.6-101(2), THE ATTORNEY GENERAL, OR APPROPRIATE STATE OR FEDERAL AUTHORITIES, INCLUDING THROUGH TERMS AND CONDITIONS OF EMPLOYMENT OR SEEKING TO ENFORCE TERMS AND CONDITIONS OF EMPLOYMENT, IF THE WORKERWorker"Worker" means an individual who performs services for and under the control and direction of a developer for wages or other remuneration. "Worker" includes: (I) an employee as defined in section 8-4-101 (5); (II) an independent contractor; or (III) a corporate officer.C.R.S. § 8-13.6-101(5) HAS REASONABLE CAUSE TO BELIEVE THE INFORMATION INDICATES ONE OF THE FOLLOWING: (a) THE DEVELOPERDeveloper"Developer" means an employer as defined in section 8-4-101 (6) or an entity that contracts with five or more independent contractors in the state each year and that has trained at least one foundation model at a computational cost of at least one hundred million dollars as measured by the average cost of an equivalent amount of cloud computing at the time that training commences.C.R.S. § 8-13.6-101(2) IS OUT OF COMPLIANCE WITH LAW APPLICABLE TO PUBLIC SAFETY OR SECURITY; (b) THE DEVELOPERDeveloper"Developer" means an employer as defined in section 8-4-101 (6) or an entity that contracts with five or more independent contractors in the state each year and that has trained at least one foundation model at a computational cost of at least one hundred million dollars as measured by the average cost of an equivalent amount of cloud computing at the time that training commences.C.R.S. § 8-13.6-101(2)'S ACTIVITIES POSE A SUBSTANTIAL RISK TO PUBLIC SAFETY OR SECURITY, EVEN IF THE DEVELOPERDeveloper"Developer" means an employer as defined in section 8-4-101 (6) or an entity that contracts with five or more independent contractors in the state each year and that has trained at least one foundation model at a computational cost of at least one hundred million dollars as measured by the average cost of an equivalent amount of cloud computing at the time that training commences.C.R.S. § 8-13.6-101(2) IS NOT OUT OF COMPLIANCE WITH ANY LAW; OR (c) THE DEVELOPERDeveloper"Developer" means an employer as defined in section 8-4-101 (6) or an entity that contracts with five or more independent contractors in the state each year and that has trained at least one foundation model at a computational cost of at least one hundred million dollars as measured by the average cost of an equivalent amount of cloud computing at the time that training commences.C.R.S. § 8-13.6-101(2) HAS MADE FALSE OR MISLEADING STATEMENTS CONCERNING PUBLIC SAFETY OR SECURITY OR THE DEVELOPERDeveloper"Developer" means an employer as defined in section 8-4-101 (6) or an entity that contracts with five or more independent contractors in the state each year and that has trained at least one foundation model at a computational cost of at least one hundred million dollars as measured by the average cost of an equivalent amount of cloud computing at the time that training commences.C.R.S. § 8-13.6-101(2)'S MANAGEMENT OF RISKS TO PUBLIC SAFETY OR SECURITY.
(2) THIS SECTION DOES NOT APPLY TO A WORKERWorker"Worker" means an individual who performs services for and under the control and direction of a developer for wages or other remuneration. "Worker" includes: (I) an employee as defined in section 8-4-101 (5); (II) an independent contractor; or (III) a corporate officer.C.R.S. § 8-13.6-101(5) WHO DISCLOSES INFORMATION: (a) THAT THE WORKERWorker"Worker" means an individual who performs services for and under the control and direction of a developer for wages or other remuneration. "Worker" includes: (I) an employee as defined in section 8-4-101 (5); (II) an independent contractor; or (III) a corporate officer.C.R.S. § 8-13.6-101(5) KNOWS TO BE FALSE; OR (b) WITH RECKLESS DISREGARD FOR THE TRUTH OR FALSITY OF THE INFORMATION.
(3)(a)–(b) 2 A DEVELOPERDeveloper"Developer" means an employer as defined in section 8-4-101 (6) or an entity that contracts with five or more independent contractors in the state each year and that has trained at least one foundation model at a computational cost of at least one hundred million dollars as measured by the average cost of an equivalent amount of cloud computing at the time that training commences.C.R.S. § 8-13.6-101(2) SHALL NOT REQUIRE OR ATTEMPT TO REQUIRE A WORKERWorker"Worker" means an individual who performs services for and under the control and direction of a developer for wages or other remuneration. "Worker" includes: (I) an employee as defined in section 8-4-101 (5); (II) an independent contractor; or (III) a corporate officer.C.R.S. § 8-13.6-101(5) TO SIGN A CONTRACT OR OTHER AGREEMENT THAT WOULD LIMIT OR PREVENT THE WORKERWorker"Worker" means an individual who performs services for and under the control and direction of a developer for wages or other remuneration. "Worker" includes: (I) an employee as defined in section 8-4-101 (5); (II) an independent contractor; or (III) a corporate officer.C.R.S. § 8-13.6-101(5) FROM DISCLOSING INFORMATION ABOUT RISKS TO PUBLIC SAFETY OR SECURITY OR TO OTHERWISE ABIDE BY A WORKPLACE POLICY THAT WOULD LIMIT OR PREVENT SUCH DISCLOSURES. (b) A CONTRACT OR AGREEMENT THAT VIOLATES SUBSECTION (3)(a) OF THIS SECTION IS VOID AND UNENFORCEABLE AS CONTRARY TO PUBLIC POLICY. A DEVELOPERDeveloper"Developer" means an employer as defined in section 8-4-101 (6) or an entity that contracts with five or more independent contractors in the state each year and that has trained at least one foundation model at a computational cost of at least one hundred million dollars as measured by the average cost of an equivalent amount of cloud computing at the time that training commences.C.R.S. § 8-13.6-101(2)'S ATTEMPT TO IMPOSE SUCH A CONTRACT OR AGREEMENT IS AN ADVERSE ACTION IN VIOLATION OF THIS ARTICLE 13.6.
This section establishes the bill's core anti-retaliation prohibition. Developers may not prevent workers from, or retaliate against workers for, disclosing or threatening to disclose information to the developer, the attorney general, or appropriate state or federal authorities when the worker has reasonable cause to believe the information indicates a public safety or security risk, legal noncompliance, or false or misleading statements about risk management. The prohibition extends to enforcement through terms and conditions of employment.
The protection is not absolute: it does not apply to workers who disclose information they know to be false or disclose with reckless disregard for truth. Separately, the section prohibits developers from requiring workers to sign contracts or agreements — or imposing workplace policies — that would limit or prevent protected disclosures. Any such contract is void as contrary to public policy, and the attempt to impose it is itself an adverse action.
(1)(a)–(b) 3 A DEVELOPERDeveloper"Developer" means an employer as defined in section 8-4-101 (6) or an entity that contracts with five or more independent contractors in the state each year and that has trained at least one foundation model at a computational cost of at least one hundred million dollars as measured by the average cost of an equivalent amount of cloud computing at the time that training commences.C.R.S. § 8-13.6-101(2) SHALL PROVIDE A CLEAR NOTICE TO ALL WORKERSWorker"Worker" means an individual who performs services for and under the control and direction of a developer for wages or other remuneration. "Worker" includes: (I) an employee as defined in section 8-4-101 (5); (II) an independent contractor; or (III) a corporate officer.C.R.S. § 8-13.6-101(5) WORKING ON A FOUNDATION MODEL OF THE WORKERSWorker"Worker" means an individual who performs services for and under the control and direction of a developer for wages or other remuneration. "Worker" includes: (I) an employee as defined in section 8-4-101 (5); (II) an independent contractor; or (III) a corporate officer.C.R.S. § 8-13.6-101(5)' RIGHTS AND RESPONSIBILITIES UNDER THIS ARTICLE 13.6. A DEVELOPERDeveloper"Developer" means an employer as defined in section 8-4-101 (6) or an entity that contracts with five or more independent contractors in the state each year and that has trained at least one foundation model at a computational cost of at least one hundred million dollars as measured by the average cost of an equivalent amount of cloud computing at the time that training commences.C.R.S. § 8-13.6-101(2) COMPLIES WITH THIS SECTION IF THE DEVELOPERDeveloper"Developer" means an employer as defined in section 8-4-101 (6) or an entity that contracts with five or more independent contractors in the state each year and that has trained at least one foundation model at a computational cost of at least one hundred million dollars as measured by the average cost of an equivalent amount of cloud computing at the time that training commences.C.R.S. § 8-13.6-101(2) DOES EITHER OF THE FOLLOWING: (a) (I) AT ALL TIMES, DISPLAYS WITHIN ALL WORKPLACES MAINTAINED BY THE DEVELOPERDeveloper"Developer" means an employer as defined in section 8-4-101 (6) or an entity that contracts with five or more independent contractors in the state each year and that has trained at least one foundation model at a computational cost of at least one hundred million dollars as measured by the average cost of an equivalent amount of cloud computing at the time that training commences.C.R.S. § 8-13.6-101(2) A NOTICE TO ALL WORKERS OF THEIR RIGHTS AND RESPONSIBILITIES UNDER THIS ARTICLE 13.6; (II) ENSURES THAT ALL NEW WORKERSWorker"Worker" means an individual who performs services for and under the control and direction of a developer for wages or other remuneration. "Worker" includes: (I) an employee as defined in section 8-4-101 (5); (II) an independent contractor; or (III) a corporate officer.C.R.S. § 8-13.6-101(5) RECEIVE THE NOTICE DESCRIBED IN SUBSECTION (1)(a)(I) OF THIS SECTION; AND (III) ENSURES THAT WORKERSWorker"Worker" means an individual who performs services for and under the control and direction of a developer for wages or other remuneration. "Worker" includes: (I) an employee as defined in section 8-4-101 (5); (II) an independent contractor; or (III) a corporate officer.C.R.S. § 8-13.6-101(5) WHO PERIODICALLY WORK REMOTELY RECEIVE THE NOTICE DESCRIBED IN SUBSECTION (1)(a)(I) OF THIS SECTION; OR (b) AT LEAST ONCE EVERY CALENDAR YEAR, PROVIDES WRITTEN NOTICE TO ALL WORKERS OF THEIR RIGHTS AND RESPONSIBILITIES UNDER THIS ARTICLE 13.6 AND ENSURES THAT THE NOTICE IS RECEIVED AND ACKNOWLEDGED BY ALL WORKERSWorker"Worker" means an individual who performs services for and under the control and direction of a developer for wages or other remuneration. "Worker" includes: (I) an employee as defined in section 8-4-101 (5); (II) an independent contractor; or (III) a corporate officer.C.R.S. § 8-13.6-101(5).
This section requires developers to ensure all workers working on a foundation model are clearly notified of their whistleblower rights and responsibilities under Article 13.6. The statute provides two alternative compliance methods: either continuous workplace posting combined with onboarding distribution and accommodation for remote workers, or annual written distribution with acknowledgment from all workers.
(1)(a)–(b) 4 A DEVELOPERDeveloper"Developer" means an employer as defined in section 8-4-101 (6) or an entity that contracts with five or more independent contractors in the state each year and that has trained at least one foundation model at a computational cost of at least one hundred million dollars as measured by the average cost of an equivalent amount of cloud computing at the time that training commences.C.R.S. § 8-13.6-101(2) SHALL PROVIDE A REASONABLE INTERNAL PROCESS THROUGH WHICH A WORKERWorker"Worker" means an individual who performs services for and under the control and direction of a developer for wages or other remuneration. "Worker" includes: (I) an employee as defined in section 8-4-101 (5); (II) an independent contractor; or (III) a corporate officer.C.R.S. § 8-13.6-101(5) MAY ANONYMOUSLY DISCLOSE INFORMATION TO THE DEVELOPERDeveloper"Developer" means an employer as defined in section 8-4-101 (6) or an entity that contracts with five or more independent contractors in the state each year and that has trained at least one foundation model at a computational cost of at least one hundred million dollars as measured by the average cost of an equivalent amount of cloud computing at the time that training commences.C.R.S. § 8-13.6-101(2) IF THE WORKERWorker"Worker" means an individual who performs services for and under the control and direction of a developer for wages or other remuneration. "Worker" includes: (I) an employee as defined in section 8-4-101 (5); (II) an independent contractor; or (III) a corporate officer.C.R.S. § 8-13.6-101(5) BELIEVES IN GOOD FAITH THAT THE INFORMATION INDICATES THE CONDITIONS DESCRIBED IN SECTION 8-13.6-102 (1). (b) THE INTERNAL REPORTING PROCESS MUST INCLUDE A MONTHLY UPDATE TO THE WORKERWorker"Worker" means an individual who performs services for and under the control and direction of a developer for wages or other remuneration. "Worker" includes: (I) an employee as defined in section 8-4-101 (5); (II) an independent contractor; or (III) a corporate officer.C.R.S. § 8-13.6-101(5) WHO MADE THE DISCLOSURE REGARDING THE STATUS OF THE DEVELOPERDeveloper"Developer" means an employer as defined in section 8-4-101 (6) or an entity that contracts with five or more independent contractors in the state each year and that has trained at least one foundation model at a computational cost of at least one hundred million dollars as measured by the average cost of an equivalent amount of cloud computing at the time that training commences.C.R.S. § 8-13.6-101(2)'S INVESTIGATION OF THE DISCLOSURE AND THE ACTIONS TAKEN BY THE DEVELOPERDeveloper"Developer" means an employer as defined in section 8-4-101 (6) or an entity that contracts with five or more independent contractors in the state each year and that has trained at least one foundation model at a computational cost of at least one hundred million dollars as measured by the average cost of an equivalent amount of cloud computing at the time that training commences.C.R.S. § 8-13.6-101(2) IN RESPONSE TO THE DISCLOSURE. THE MONTHLY UPDATES MUST CONTINUE UNTIL THE MATTER IS RESOLVED, AT WHICH TIME THE DEVELOPERDeveloper"Developer" means an employer as defined in section 8-4-101 (6) or an entity that contracts with five or more independent contractors in the state each year and that has trained at least one foundation model at a computational cost of at least one hundred million dollars as measured by the average cost of an equivalent amount of cloud computing at the time that training commences.C.R.S. § 8-13.6-101(2) SHALL PROVIDE A FINAL UPDATE TO THE WORKERWorker"Worker" means an individual who performs services for and under the control and direction of a developer for wages or other remuneration. "Worker" includes: (I) an employee as defined in section 8-4-101 (5); (II) an independent contractor; or (III) a corporate officer.C.R.S. § 8-13.6-101(5).
(2)(a) 5 THE DEVELOPERDeveloper"Developer" means an employer as defined in section 8-4-101 (6) or an entity that contracts with five or more independent contractors in the state each year and that has trained at least one foundation model at a computational cost of at least one hundred million dollars as measured by the average cost of an equivalent amount of cloud computing at the time that training commences.C.R.S. § 8-13.6-101(2) SHALL MAINTAIN A DISCLOSURE OR RESPONSE OF THE INTERNAL REPORTING PROCESS FOR A MINIMUM OF SEVEN YEARS AFTER THE DATE WHEN THE RESPONSE IS CREATED.
(2)(b) 6 AT LEAST ONCE PER QUARTER, THE DEVELOPERDeveloper"Developer" means an employer as defined in section 8-4-101 (6) or an entity that contracts with five or more independent contractors in the state each year and that has trained at least one foundation model at a computational cost of at least one hundred million dollars as measured by the average cost of an equivalent amount of cloud computing at the time that training commences.C.R.S. § 8-13.6-101(2) SHALL SHARE EACH DISCLOSURE AND RESPONSE WITH THE OFFICERS AND DIRECTORS OF THE DEVELOPERDeveloper"Developer" means an employer as defined in section 8-4-101 (6) or an entity that contracts with five or more independent contractors in the state each year and that has trained at least one foundation model at a computational cost of at least one hundred million dollars as measured by the average cost of an equivalent amount of cloud computing at the time that training commences.C.R.S. § 8-13.6-101(2) WHO DO NOT HAVE A CONFLICT OF INTEREST.
This section requires developers to establish and maintain an anonymous internal reporting process for workers who believe in good faith that the conditions triggering protected disclosure exist. The process must include mandatory monthly status updates to the disclosing worker on the developer's investigation and any responsive actions, continuing until the matter is resolved with a final update. Developers must retain all disclosures and responses for a minimum of seven years after creation and must share each disclosure and response quarterly with officers and directors who do not have a conflict of interest.
(1)–(2) 7 AN AGGRIEVED WORKERWorker"Worker" means an individual who performs services for and under the control and direction of a developer for wages or other remuneration. "Worker" includes: (I) an employee as defined in section 8-4-101 (5); (II) an independent contractor; or (III) a corporate officer.C.R.S. § 8-13.6-101(5) MAY COMMENCE A CIVIL ACTION IN DISTRICT COURT AGAINST A DEVELOPERDeveloper"Developer" means an employer as defined in section 8-4-101 (6) or an entity that contracts with five or more independent contractors in the state each year and that has trained at least one foundation model at a computational cost of at least one hundred million dollars as measured by the average cost of an equivalent amount of cloud computing at the time that training commences.C.R.S. § 8-13.6-101(2) FOR A VIOLATION OF THIS ARTICLE 13.6. (2) IN A CIVIL ACTION COMMENCED BY AN AGGRIEVED WORKERWorker"Worker" means an individual who performs services for and under the control and direction of a developer for wages or other remuneration. "Worker" includes: (I) an employee as defined in section 8-4-101 (5); (II) an independent contractor; or (III) a corporate officer.C.R.S. § 8-13.6-101(5) UNDER THIS SECTION, THE COURT MAY ORDER AFFIRMATIVE RELIEF TO THE AGGRIEVED WORKERWorker"Worker" means an individual who performs services for and under the control and direction of a developer for wages or other remuneration. "Worker" includes: (I) an employee as defined in section 8-4-101 (5); (II) an independent contractor; or (III) a corporate officer.C.R.S. § 8-13.6-101(5) AGAINST A DEVELOPERDeveloper"Developer" means an employer as defined in section 8-4-101 (6) or an entity that contracts with five or more independent contractors in the state each year and that has trained at least one foundation model at a computational cost of at least one hundred million dollars as measured by the average cost of an equivalent amount of cloud computing at the time that training commences.C.R.S. § 8-13.6-101(2) THAT IS FOUND TO HAVE VIOLATED THIS ARTICLE 13.6, INCLUDING: (a) REINSTATEMENT OR REHIRING OF THE WORKERWorker"Worker" means an individual who performs services for and under the control and direction of a developer for wages or other remuneration. "Worker" includes: (I) an employee as defined in section 8-4-101 (5); (II) an independent contractor; or (III) a corporate officer.C.R.S. § 8-13.6-101(5), WITH OR WITHOUT BACK PAY; (b) THE GREATER OF EITHER: (I) TEN THOUSAND DOLLARS; OR (II) ANY LOST PAY RESULTING FROM THE VIOLATION, INCLUDING BACK PAY IF THE AGGRIEVED WORKERWorker"Worker" means an individual who performs services for and under the control and direction of a developer for wages or other remuneration. "Worker" includes: (I) an employee as defined in section 8-4-101 (5); (II) an independent contractor; or (III) a corporate officer.C.R.S. § 8-13.6-101(5) IS REINSTATED OR REHIRED AND FRONT PAY IF THE AGGRIEVED WORKERWorker"Worker" means an individual who performs services for and under the control and direction of a developer for wages or other remuneration. "Worker" includes: (I) an employee as defined in section 8-4-101 (5); (II) an independent contractor; or (III) a corporate officer.C.R.S. § 8-13.6-101(5) IS NOT REINSTATED OR REHIRED; AND (c) ANY OTHER EQUITABLE RELIEF THE COURT DEEMS APPROPRIATE.
(3)(a)–(b) 7 THE COURT MAY AWARD AN AGGRIEVED WORKERWorker"Worker" means an individual who performs services for and under the control and direction of a developer for wages or other remuneration. "Worker" includes: (I) an employee as defined in section 8-4-101 (5); (II) an independent contractor; or (III) a corporate officer.C.R.S. § 8-13.6-101(5) PUNITIVE DAMAGES AGAINST A DEVELOPERDeveloper"Developer" means an employer as defined in section 8-4-101 (6) or an entity that contracts with five or more independent contractors in the state each year and that has trained at least one foundation model at a computational cost of at least one hundred million dollars as measured by the average cost of an equivalent amount of cloud computing at the time that training commences.C.R.S. § 8-13.6-101(2) IF THE AGGRIEVED WORKERWorker"Worker" means an individual who performs services for and under the control and direction of a developer for wages or other remuneration. "Worker" includes: (I) an employee as defined in section 8-4-101 (5); (II) an independent contractor; or (III) a corporate officer.C.R.S. § 8-13.6-101(5) DEMONSTRATES BY CLEAR AND CONVINCING EVIDENCE THAT THE DEVELOPERDeveloper"Developer" means an employer as defined in section 8-4-101 (6) or an entity that contracts with five or more independent contractors in the state each year and that has trained at least one foundation model at a computational cost of at least one hundred million dollars as measured by the average cost of an equivalent amount of cloud computing at the time that training commences.C.R.S. § 8-13.6-101(2) ENGAGED IN A DISCRIMINATORY, ADVERSE, OR RETALIATORY EMPLOYMENT PRACTICE WITH MALICE OR RECKLESS INDIFFERENCE TO THE RIGHTS OF THE AGGRIEVED WORKERWorker"Worker" means an individual who performs services for and under the control and direction of a developer for wages or other remuneration. "Worker" includes: (I) an employee as defined in section 8-4-101 (5); (II) an independent contractor; or (III) a corporate officer.C.R.S. § 8-13.6-101(5). HOWEVER, IF THE DEVELOPERDeveloper"Developer" means an employer as defined in section 8-4-101 (6) or an entity that contracts with five or more independent contractors in the state each year and that has trained at least one foundation model at a computational cost of at least one hundred million dollars as measured by the average cost of an equivalent amount of cloud computing at the time that training commences.C.R.S. § 8-13.6-101(2) DEMONSTRATES GOOD FAITH EFFORTS TO COMPLY WITH THIS ARTICLE 13.6 AND TO PREVENT DISCRIMINATORY, ADVERSE, AND RETALIATORY EMPLOYMENT PRACTICES IN THE WORKPLACE, THE COURT SHALL NOT AWARD PUNITIVE DAMAGES AGAINST THE DEVELOPERDeveloper"Developer" means an employer as defined in section 8-4-101 (6) or an entity that contracts with five or more independent contractors in the state each year and that has trained at least one foundation model at a computational cost of at least one hundred million dollars as measured by the average cost of an equivalent amount of cloud computing at the time that training commences.C.R.S. § 8-13.6-101(2). (b) IN DETERMINING THE APPROPRIATE LEVEL OF DAMAGES TO AWARD AN AGGRIEVED WORKERWorker"Worker" means an individual who performs services for and under the control and direction of a developer for wages or other remuneration. "Worker" includes: (I) an employee as defined in section 8-4-101 (5); (II) an independent contractor; or (III) a corporate officer.C.R.S. § 8-13.6-101(5), THE COURT SHALL CONSIDER THE GRAVITY OF THE RISK TO PUBLIC SAFETY OR SECURITY, THE SIZE AND ASSETS OF THE DEVELOPERDeveloper"Developer" means an employer as defined in section 8-4-101 (6) or an entity that contracts with five or more independent contractors in the state each year and that has trained at least one foundation model at a computational cost of at least one hundred million dollars as measured by the average cost of an equivalent amount of cloud computing at the time that training commences.C.R.S. § 8-13.6-101(2), AND THE EGREGIOUSNESS OF THE DISCRIMINATORY, ADVERSE, OR RETALIATORY EMPLOYMENT PRACTICE.
(4) 7 IF AN AGGRIEVED WORKERWorker"Worker" means an individual who performs services for and under the control and direction of a developer for wages or other remuneration. "Worker" includes: (I) an employee as defined in section 8-4-101 (5); (II) an independent contractor; or (III) a corporate officer.C.R.S. § 8-13.6-101(5) SEEKS PUNITIVE DAMAGES PURSUANT TO SUBSECTION (3) OF THIS SECTION, ANY PARTY TO THE CIVIL ACTION MAY DEMAND A TRIAL BY JURY.
(5) 7 THE COURT SHALL AWARD REASONABLE ATTORNEY FEES TO AN AGGRIEVED WORKERWorker"Worker" means an individual who performs services for and under the control and direction of a developer for wages or other remuneration. "Worker" includes: (I) an employee as defined in section 8-4-101 (5); (II) an independent contractor; or (III) a corporate officer.C.R.S. § 8-13.6-101(5) IF THE AGGRIEVED WORKERWorker"Worker" means an individual who performs services for and under the control and direction of a developer for wages or other remuneration. "Worker" includes: (I) an employee as defined in section 8-4-101 (5); (II) an independent contractor; or (III) a corporate officer.C.R.S. § 8-13.6-101(5) PREVAILS IN AN ACTION BROUGHT PURSUANT TO THIS ARTICLE 13.6.
This section establishes the bill's private enforcement mechanism. An aggrieved worker may bring a civil action in district court. Available remedies include reinstatement or rehiring (with or without back pay), the greater of $10,000 or lost pay (including front pay if the worker is not reinstated), and any other equitable relief. Punitive damages are available upon clear and convincing evidence of malice or reckless indifference, subject to a safe harbor for developers demonstrating good-faith compliance efforts. The court must consider the gravity of the public safety risk, the developer's size and assets, and the egregiousness of the practice when determining damages. Reasonable attorney fees are mandatory for prevailing workers.
THIS ARTICLE 13.6 DOES NOT LIMIT PROTECTIONS PROVIDED TO WORKERSWorker"Worker" means an individual who performs services for and under the control and direction of a developer for wages or other remuneration. "Worker" includes: (I) an employee as defined in section 8-4-101 (5); (II) an independent contractor; or (III) a corporate officer.C.R.S. § 8-13.6-101(5) BY ANY OTHER LAW.
A savings clause confirming that Article 13.6 does not limit protections provided to workers by any other law. This preserves existing state and federal whistleblower protections and ensures this article is additive rather than preemptive.
- Google AI engineer claims dismissal for opposing tech sales to Israel
# Summary A Google DeepMind engineer has filed a claim at a UK employment tribunal alleging unlawful dismissal after raising internal concerns about the company's provision of cloud computing and AI services to Israeli military forces, and opposing Google's 2025 decision to drop its ban on developing AI-powered weapons. The engineer claims Google violated whistleblower protections and discriminated against them based on their belief that employees should not be complicit in war crimes. This cas