Minnesota · Senate File · Ninety-Fourth Session
SF4927
Minnesota S.F. No. 4927 — Prohibition on Artificial Intelligence Performing Licensed Activities

Status ● Introduced Effective N/A Passage Likelihood L

WHAT THIS BILL REGULATES · 1 REQUIREMENT TYPE

How Is This Bill Enforced

Enforcement Authority
Enforcement by the Minnesota Attorney General under Minn. Stat. § 8.31. No private right of action created by this section. Section 8.31 authorizes the AG to investigate and bring civil enforcement actions for violations of laws within its scope, including injunctive relief and civil penalties.
Private Right of Action
No private right of action. Enforcement is exclusive to the designated authority.
Penalties
Enforcement under Minn. Stat. § 8.31, which provides the Attorney General with authority to seek injunctive relief, civil penalties, and other remedies available under that section. No specific statutory damages amounts are set forth in this bill; remedies are those generally available under § 8.31. Section 8.31 may also permit private enforcement in some circumstances as a supplementary remedy, but this bill does not independently create a private right of action.

What This Bill Requires

Verbatim statutory text on the left; plain-language analysis and a per-section checklist on the right. Numbered markers cross-link to the matching checklist row.

Statutory Text
Analysis & Obligations
Minn. Stat. § 325F.701, subd. 1
Definitions

(a) For purposes of this section, the following terms have the meanings given.

(b) "Artificial intelligence modelArtificial intelligence model"Artificial intelligence model" means a machine-based system that is capable of, for explicit or implicit objectives, inferring from the input the system receives how to generate outputs that are capable of influencing physical or virtual environments.Minn. Stat. § 325F.701, subd. 1(b)" means a machine-based system that is capable of, for explicit or implicit objectives, inferring from the input the system receives how to generate outputs that are capable of influencing physical or virtual environments.

(c) "ConsumerConsumer"Consumer" means a natural person or business that is not a credentialed professional for professional services that the natural person or business is seeking.Minn. Stat. § 325F.701, subd. 1(c)" means a natural person or business that is not a credentialedCredentialed"Credentialed" means a natural person or a business that holds a current license, certificate, or registration to provide professional services.Minn. Stat. § 325F.701, subd. 1(d) professional for professional servicesProfessional services"Professional services" means services for which the state requires a license, certificate, or registration.Minn. Stat. § 325F.701, subd. 1(e) that the natural person or business is seeking.

(d) "CredentialedCredentialed"Credentialed" means a natural person or a business that holds a current license, certificate, or registration to provide professional services.Minn. Stat. § 325F.701, subd. 1(d)" means a natural person or a business that holds a current license, certificate, or registration to provide professional servicesProfessional services"Professional services" means services for which the state requires a license, certificate, or registration.Minn. Stat. § 325F.701, subd. 1(e).

(e) "Professional servicesProfessional services"Professional services" means services for which the state requires a license, certificate, or registration.Minn. Stat. § 325F.701, subd. 1(e)" means services for which the state requires a license, certificate, or registration.

Subdivision 1 defines the four key terms that frame the bill's scope. Artificial intelligence model tracks the OECD/NIST definition of a machine-based inferencing system capable of generating outputs that influence environments. Professional services is defined extremely broadly as any service requiring state licensure, certification, or registration — covering fields from medicine and law to cosmetology and plumbing. Consumer is defined negatively as any person or business that is not itself credentialed in the professional service it is seeking, and credentialed requires a current state-issued license, certificate, or registration.

Minn. Stat. § 325F.701, subd. 2
Prohibition on AI models performing professional services
DeployerDeveloper

(a) 1 The owner of an artificial intelligence modelArtificial intelligence model"Artificial intelligence model" means a machine-based system that is capable of, for explicit or implicit objectives, inferring from the input the system receives how to generate outputs that are capable of influencing physical or virtual environments.Minn. Stat. § 325F.701, subd. 1(b) is prohibited from allowing the model to provide a professional service to a consumerConsumer"Consumer" means a natural person or business that is not a credentialed professional for professional services that the natural person or business is seeking.Minn. Stat. § 325F.701, subd. 1(c) unless the model is operated, while the service is being provided, by a natural person who is credentialedCredentialed"Credentialed" means a natural person or a business that holds a current license, certificate, or registration to provide professional services.Minn. Stat. § 325F.701, subd. 1(d) to provide the professional servicesProfessional services"Professional services" means services for which the state requires a license, certificate, or registration.Minn. Stat. § 325F.701, subd. 1(e) or by a natural person representing a business that is credentialedCredentialed"Credentialed" means a natural person or a business that holds a current license, certificate, or registration to provide professional services.Minn. Stat. § 325F.701, subd. 1(d) to provide the professional servicesProfessional services"Professional services" means services for which the state requires a license, certificate, or registration.Minn. Stat. § 325F.701, subd. 1(e).

(b) 2 A business or a person is prohibited from using an artificial intelligence modelArtificial intelligence model"Artificial intelligence model" means a machine-based system that is capable of, for explicit or implicit objectives, inferring from the input the system receives how to generate outputs that are capable of influencing physical or virtual environments.Minn. Stat. § 325F.701, subd. 1(b) to provide a professional service to a consumerConsumer"Consumer" means a natural person or business that is not a credentialed professional for professional services that the natural person or business is seeking.Minn. Stat. § 325F.701, subd. 1(c) unless the model is operated, while the service is being provided, by a natural person who is credentialedCredentialed"Credentialed" means a natural person or a business that holds a current license, certificate, or registration to provide professional services.Minn. Stat. § 325F.701, subd. 1(d) to provide the professional servicesProfessional services"Professional services" means services for which the state requires a license, certificate, or registration.Minn. Stat. § 325F.701, subd. 1(e) or by a natural person representing a business that is credentialedCredentialed"Credentialed" means a natural person or a business that holds a current license, certificate, or registration to provide professional services.Minn. Stat. § 325F.701, subd. 1(d) to provide the professional servicesProfessional services"Professional services" means services for which the state requires a license, certificate, or registration.Minn. Stat. § 325F.701, subd. 1(e).

(c) This section does not prohibit a credentialedCredentialed"Credentialed" means a natural person or a business that holds a current license, certificate, or registration to provide professional services.Minn. Stat. § 325F.701, subd. 1(d) professional from using an artificial intelligence modelArtificial intelligence model"Artificial intelligence model" means a machine-based system that is capable of, for explicit or implicit objectives, inferring from the input the system receives how to generate outputs that are capable of influencing physical or virtual environments.Minn. Stat. § 325F.701, subd. 1(b) as a tool to assist the credentialedCredentialed"Credentialed" means a natural person or a business that holds a current license, certificate, or registration to provide professional services.Minn. Stat. § 325F.701, subd. 1(d) professional in performing a professional service.

Subdivision 2 establishes the bill's core prohibition in two parallel formulations. Paragraph (a) targets the owner of an AI model, prohibiting them from allowing the model to deliver a professional service to a consumer unless a credentialed natural person operates the model during service delivery. Paragraph (b) extends the same prohibition to any business or person that uses an AI model to provide a professional service. Together, these paragraphs ensure that neither the model's owner nor any downstream user can deploy it for direct-to-consumer professional services without a credentialed human operator actively running the model while the service is being provided.

Paragraph (c) carves out use of AI as an assistive tool by credentialed professionals — making clear that the bill does not restrict licensed professionals from incorporating AI into their own practice, only from removing the credentialed human from the loop entirely.

Compliance actions 2 items
1
Owners of AI models must not allow their models to provide any state-licensed professional service directly to a consumerConsumer"Consumer" means a natural person or business that is not a credentialed professional for professional services that the natural person or business is seeking.Minn. Stat. § 325F.701, subd. 1(c) unless a credentialedCredentialed"Credentialed" means a natural person or a business that holds a current license, certificate, or registration to provide professional services.Minn. Stat. § 325F.701, subd. 1(d) natural person (or a natural person representing a credentialedCredentialed"Credentialed" means a natural person or a business that holds a current license, certificate, or registration to provide professional services.Minn. Stat. § 325F.701, subd. 1(d) business) operates the model while the service is being provided.
HC-02.3
2
Any business or person must not use an AI model to provide a state-licensed professional service to a consumerConsumer"Consumer" means a natural person or business that is not a credentialed professional for professional services that the natural person or business is seeking.Minn. Stat. § 325F.701, subd. 1(c) unless a credentialedCredentialed"Credentialed" means a natural person or a business that holds a current license, certificate, or registration to provide professional services.Minn. Stat. § 325F.701, subd. 1(d) natural person (or a natural person representing a credentialedCredentialed"Credentialed" means a natural person or a business that holds a current license, certificate, or registration to provide professional services.Minn. Stat. § 325F.701, subd. 1(d) business) operates the model while the service is being provided.
HC-02.3
Minn. Stat. § 325F.701, subd. 3
Enforcement and penalties; attorney general

A violation of this section is subject to enforcement by the attorney general under section 8.31.

Subdivision 3 assigns enforcement authority to the Minnesota Attorney General under Minn. Stat. § 8.31, the state's general consumer protection enforcement statute. Section 8.31 provides the AG with authority to investigate potential violations, issue civil investigative demands, and bring civil enforcement actions seeking injunctive relief and penalties. The bill does not create a standalone private right of action, though § 8.31 itself may provide supplementary private enforcement mechanisms in some circumstances.

Passage Likelihood

Low
Status Introduced
Chamber No passage
Committee No action
Majority party Yes
Bipartisan No
Prior session None

Legislative History

2026-03-26 Introduction and first reading
2026-03-26 Referred to Commerce and Consumer Protection
2026-04-07 Author added Boldon

Entry Last Reviewed

2026-05-20
AI generated