WHAT THIS BILL REGULATES · 1 REQUIREMENT TYPE
How Is This Bill Enforced
Verbatim statutory text on the left; plain-language analysis and a per-section checklist on the right. Numbered markers cross-link to the matching checklist row.
(1) 1 Any book that was wholly or partially created through the use of generative artificial intelligenceGenerative artificial intelligence"generative artificial intelligence" shall mean the use of machine learning technology, software, automation, and algorithms to perform tasks, to make rules and/or predictions based on existing data sets and instructions, including, but not limited to: (a) Any artificial system that performs tasks under varying and unpredictable circumstances without significant human oversight, or that can learn from experience and improve performance when exposed to data sets; (b) An artificial system developed in computer software, physical hardware, or other context that solves tasks requiring human-like perception, cognition, planning, learning, communication, or physical action; (c) An artificial system designed to think or act like a human, including cognitive architectures and neural networks; (d) A set of techniques, including machine learning, that is designed to approximate a cognitive task; and/or (e) An artificial system designed to act rationally, including an intelligent software agent or embodied robot that achieves goals using perception, planning, reasoning, learning, communicating, decision making, and acting.GBL § 338(3), published in this state, shall conspicuously disclose upon the cover of the book, that such book was created with the use of generative artificial intelligenceGenerative artificial intelligence"generative artificial intelligence" shall mean the use of machine learning technology, software, automation, and algorithms to perform tasks, to make rules and/or predictions based on existing data sets and instructions, including, but not limited to: (a) Any artificial system that performs tasks under varying and unpredictable circumstances without significant human oversight, or that can learn from experience and improve performance when exposed to data sets; (b) An artificial system developed in computer software, physical hardware, or other context that solves tasks requiring human-like perception, cognition, planning, learning, communication, or physical action; (c) An artificial system designed to think or act like a human, including cognitive architectures and neural networks; (d) A set of techniques, including machine learning, that is designed to approximate a cognitive task; and/or (e) An artificial system designed to act rationally, including an intelligent software agent or embodied robot that achieves goals using perception, planning, reasoning, learning, communicating, decision making, and acting.GBL § 338(3).
(2) 1 Books subject to the provisions of this section shall include, but not be limited to, all printed and digital books, regardless of such books' target age group or audience, consisting of text, pictures, audio, puzzles, games or any combination thereof.
This section creates the bill's sole operative obligation: any book published in New York that was wholly or partially created using generative artificial intelligence must carry a conspicuous on-cover disclosure of that fact. The requirement applies to all printed and digital books regardless of target audience, encompassing text, pictures, audio, puzzles, games, or any combination thereof.
The bill does not define "publisher" or identify a specific covered entity type, leaving it ambiguous whether the obligation falls on authors, publishing houses, self-publishing platforms, or distributors. Combined with the extraordinarily broad definition of generative AI — which arguably captures spell-checkers, grammar tools, and basic automation — the practical compliance surface is unclear.
(3) For the purposes of this section, "generative artificial intelligenceGenerative artificial intelligence"generative artificial intelligence" shall mean the use of machine learning technology, software, automation, and algorithms to perform tasks, to make rules and/or predictions based on existing data sets and instructions, including, but not limited to: (a) Any artificial system that performs tasks under varying and unpredictable circumstances without significant human oversight, or that can learn from experience and improve performance when exposed to data sets; (b) An artificial system developed in computer software, physical hardware, or other context that solves tasks requiring human-like perception, cognition, planning, learning, communication, or physical action; (c) An artificial system designed to think or act like a human, including cognitive architectures and neural networks; (d) A set of techniques, including machine learning, that is designed to approximate a cognitive task; and/or (e) An artificial system designed to act rationally, including an intelligent software agent or embodied robot that achieves goals using perception, planning, reasoning, learning, communicating, decision making, and acting.GBL § 338(3)" shall mean the use of machine learning technology, software, automation, and algorithms to perform tasks, to make rules and/or predictions based on existing data sets and instructions, including, but not limited to: (a) Any artificial system that performs tasks under varying and unpredictable circumstances without significant human oversight, or that can learn from experience and improve performance when exposed to data sets; (b) An artificial system developed in computer software, physical hardware, or other context that solves tasks requiring human-like perception, cognition, planning, learning, communication, or physical action; (c) An artificial system designed to think or act like a human, including cognitive architectures and neural networks; (d) A set of techniques, including machine learning, that is designed to approximate a cognitive task; and/or (e) An artificial system designed to act rationally, including an intelligent software agent or embodied robot that achieves goals using perception, planning, reasoning, learning, communicating, decision making, and acting.
This subsection provides the bill's definition of generative artificial intelligence. The definition is remarkably expansive — it encompasses not only modern generative AI systems but virtually any form of machine learning, algorithmic automation, or intelligent software agent. Each of the five enumerated categories (a) through (e) independently qualifies a system as generative AI, and the definition is further broadened by the "including, but not limited to" framing.
This act shall take effect on the sixtieth day after it shall have become a law.
The act takes effect on the sixtieth day after it becomes law. No staged implementation or delayed compliance dates are provided.