Federal · House Bill · 119th Congress, 1st Session
HR4628
H.R. 4628 — AI Impersonation Prevention Act of 2025

Status ● Introduced Effective N/A Passage Likelihood M

WHAT THIS BILL REGULATES · 1 REQUIREMENT TYPE

How Is This Bill Enforced

Enforcement Authority
Federal criminal prosecution under 18 U.S.C. § 912 by the U.S. Department of Justice. No private right of action. Enforcement is initiated by federal prosecutors.
Private Right of Action
No private right of action. Enforcement is exclusive to the designated authority.
Penalties
Criminal penalties: fine under title 18 or imprisonment not more than three years, or both. No civil remedies or private damages available under this statute.

What This Bill Requires

Verbatim statutory text on the left; plain-language analysis and a per-section checklist on the right. Numbered markers cross-link to the matching checklist row.

Statutory Text
Analysis & Obligations
Section 1
Short Title

This Act may be cited as the ''AI Impersonation Prevention Act of 2025''.

Establishes the short title of the Act as the AI Impersonation Prevention Act of 2025. No operative obligations.

18 U.S.C. § 912(b)
Prohibition on AI-Based Impersonation of Federal Officials
DeployerDeveloperPublisher

(b) 1 Whoever knowingly uses artificial intelligenceartificial intelligencethe term 'artificial intelligence' means any system or software that performs tasks normally requiring human intelligence, including generative models capable of producing human-like audio, video, or text18 U.S.C. § 912(c)(1) to impersonate, falsely assume or pretend to be an officer or employee of the United States, including by mimicking the voice or likeness of a Federal officer without an explicit disclaimer, and thereby produces materially false or misleading content shall be fined under this title or imprisoned not more than three years, or both. Nothing in this subsection shall be construed to limit legitimate uses of artificial intelligenceartificial intelligencethe term 'artificial intelligence' means any system or software that performs tasks normally requiring human intelligence, including generative models capable of producing human-like audio, video, or text18 U.S.C. § 912(c)(1) in satire, parody, or expressive conduct protected under the First Amendment, provided such content includes clear disclosure that it is not authentic and is not intended as such.

This is the operative core of the bill. It adds a new subsection (b) to the existing federal impersonation statute, 18 U.S.C. § 912, creating a specific criminal prohibition against using artificial intelligence to impersonate a federal officer or employee. The offense requires knowledge, a false impersonation — including by mimicking voice or likeness without an explicit disclaimer — and the production of materially false or misleading content. The penalty mirrors the existing statute's framework: fine, up to three years imprisonment, or both.

A savings clause protects legitimate uses of AI in satire, parody, or First Amendment-protected expressive conduct, provided such content includes clear disclosure that it is not authentic and is not intended as such. This safe harbor effectively creates a disclosure-based defense to prosecution.

Compliance actions 1 item
1
Any person is prohibited from knowingly using artificial intelligenceartificial intelligencethe term 'artificial intelligence' means any system or software that performs tasks normally requiring human intelligence, including generative models capable of producing human-like audio, video, or text18 U.S.C. § 912(c)(1) to impersonate, falsely assume, or pretend to be a federal officer or employee — including by mimicking their voice or likeness without an explicit disclaimer — where doing so produces materially false or misleading content. Satire, parody, and First Amendment-protected expressive conduct are exempt if the content includes clear disclosure that it is not authentic.
S-02
18 U.S.C. § 912(c)
Definitions

(c)(1) the term 'artificial intelligenceartificial intelligencethe term 'artificial intelligence' means any system or software that performs tasks normally requiring human intelligence, including generative models capable of producing human-like audio, video, or text18 U.S.C. § 912(c)(1)' means any system or software that performs tasks normally requiring human intelligence, including generative models capable of producing human-like audio, video, or text;

(c)(2) the term 'impersonatesimpersonatesthe term 'impersonates' means to falsely represent oneself as another identifiable individual, whether real or fictitious, in a manner reasonably likely to cause another person to believe the content is authentic.18 U.S.C. § 912(c)(2)' means to falsely represent oneself as another identifiable individual, whether real or fictitious, in a manner reasonably likely to cause another person to believe the content is authentic.

Provides two definitions applicable to the amended section: artificial intelligence and impersonates. The AI definition is broad, covering any system or software that performs tasks normally requiring human intelligence, with specific mention of generative models capable of producing human-like audio, video, or text. The impersonation definition requires false representation as an identifiable individual in a manner reasonably likely to cause another person to believe the content is authentic.

Section 3
Severability

Should any specific part of this Act or the amendments made by this Act be deemed invalid, the rest of it shall remain in effect.

Standard severability clause providing that if any part of the Act or its amendments is deemed invalid, the remainder shall remain in effect.

Passage Likelihood

Medium
Status Introduced
Chamber No passage
Committee No action
Majority party (No data)
Bipartisan Yes
Prior session None

Legislative History

2025-07-23 Introduced in House
2025-07-23 Referred to the House Committee on the Judiciary.

Entry Last Reviewed

2026-05-20
AI generated