Utah · Senate Bill · 2025 General Session
SB180
Utah S.B. 180 — Law Enforcement Usage of Artificial Intelligence

Status ● Failed Effective N/A Passage Likelihood N/A

WHAT THIS BILL REGULATES · 3 REQUIREMENT TYPES

How Is This Bill Enforced

Enforcement Authority
No designated enforcement authority or penalty specified in the statute. The bill requires law enforcement agencies to adopt internal policies and notes that policy violations may result in administrative disciplinary action by the head of the law enforcement agency.
Private Right of Action
No private right of action. Enforcement is exclusive to the designated authority.
Penalties
No damages, penalties, or remedies are specified. The only consequence mentioned is internal administrative disciplinary action for policy violations.

What This Bill Requires

Verbatim statutory text on the left; plain-language analysis and a per-section checklist on the right. Numbered markers cross-link to the matching checklist row.

Statutory Text
Analysis & Obligations
Utah Code § 53-25-601
Definitions

(1) "Artificial intelligenceArtificial intelligence"Artificial intelligence" means a machine-based system that can, for a given set of human-defined objectives, make predictions, recommendations, or decisions influencing real or virtual environments.Utah Code § 53-25-601(1)" means a machine-based system that can, for a given set of human-defined objectives, make predictions, recommendations, or decisions influencing real or virtual environments.

(2) "Generative artificial intelligenceGenerative artificial intelligence"Generative artificial intelligence" means artificial intelligence technology that is capable of creating content such as text, audio, image, or video based on patterns learned from large volumes of data rather than being explicitly programmed with rules.Utah Code § 53-25-601(2)" means artificial intelligenceArtificial intelligence"Artificial intelligence" means a machine-based system that can, for a given set of human-defined objectives, make predictions, recommendations, or decisions influencing real or virtual environments.Utah Code § 53-25-601(1) technology that is capable of creating content such as text, audio, image, or video based on patterns learned from large volumes of data rather than being explicitly programmed with rules.

This section defines the two key terms used throughout Part 6: artificial intelligence and generative artificial intelligence. The AI definition tracks the NIST-style formulation — a machine-based system that makes predictions, recommendations, or decisions. The generative AI definition narrows to systems that create content (text, audio, image, or video) from patterns learned from large data volumes. These definitions scope the operative obligations in § 53-25-602.

Utah Code § 53-25-602
Use of generative artificial intelligence by law enforcement — Policy — Requirements
Government

(1)(a)–(b) 1 A law enforcement agency shall have a policy concerning the use of generative artificial intelligenceGenerative artificial intelligence"Generative artificial intelligence" means artificial intelligence technology that is capable of creating content such as text, audio, image, or video based on patterns learned from large volumes of data rather than being explicitly programmed with rules.Utah Code § 53-25-601(2) by employees of the law enforcement agency in the course and scope of the law enforcement agency's work. (b) The policy described in Subsection (1)(a) shall: (i) include the requirements described in Subsection (2); and (ii) provide employees of the law enforcement agency with information concerning the use of generative artificial intelligenceGenerative artificial intelligence"Generative artificial intelligence" means artificial intelligence technology that is capable of creating content such as text, audio, image, or video based on patterns learned from large volumes of data rather than being explicitly programmed with rules.Utah Code § 53-25-601(2), including: (A) which generative artificial intelligenceGenerative artificial intelligence"Generative artificial intelligence" means artificial intelligence technology that is capable of creating content such as text, audio, image, or video based on patterns learned from large volumes of data rather than being explicitly programmed with rules.Utah Code § 53-25-601(2) technologies the employees of the law enforcement agency may use; (B) the uses and tasks for which generative artificial intelligenceGenerative artificial intelligence"Generative artificial intelligence" means artificial intelligence technology that is capable of creating content such as text, audio, image, or video based on patterns learned from large volumes of data rather than being explicitly programmed with rules.Utah Code § 53-25-601(2) is permitted; (C) the importance of reviewing content generated by generative artificial intelligenceGenerative artificial intelligence"Generative artificial intelligence" means artificial intelligence technology that is capable of creating content such as text, audio, image, or video based on patterns learned from large volumes of data rather than being explicitly programmed with rules.Utah Code § 53-25-601(2); and (D) an acknowledgment that a violation of the policy described in Subsection (1)(a) may result in administrative disciplinary action by the head of the law enforcement agency.

(2)(a) 2 A written police report or other law enforcement record that was created wholly or partially by using generative artificial intelligenceGenerative artificial intelligence"Generative artificial intelligence" means artificial intelligence technology that is capable of creating content such as text, audio, image, or video based on patterns learned from large volumes of data rather than being explicitly programmed with rules.Utah Code § 53-25-601(2) shall: (a) contain within the report or record a disclaimer that the report or record contains content generated by artificial intelligenceArtificial intelligence"Artificial intelligence" means a machine-based system that can, for a given set of human-defined objectives, make predictions, recommendations, or decisions influencing real or virtual environments.Utah Code § 53-25-601(1);

(2)(b) 3 A written police report or other law enforcement record that was created wholly or partially by using generative artificial intelligenceGenerative artificial intelligence"Generative artificial intelligence" means artificial intelligence technology that is capable of creating content such as text, audio, image, or video based on patterns learned from large volumes of data rather than being explicitly programmed with rules.Utah Code § 53-25-601(2) shall: (b) include a certification by the author of the report or record that the author has read and reviewed the report or record for accuracy.

This section imposes three distinct obligations on law enforcement agencies. First, each agency must adopt a written policy governing employee use of generative AI, covering permitted technologies, authorized uses, the importance of reviewing AI-generated content, and acknowledgment that violations may lead to administrative discipline. Second, any police report or law enforcement record created wholly or partially with generative AI must contain a disclaimer identifying the AI-generated content. Third, the author of such a report must certify that they have personally read and reviewed the report for accuracy — a human-oversight requirement ensuring that AI-generated law enforcement records receive meaningful human verification before they are finalized.

Compliance actions 3 items
1
Law enforcement agencies must adopt a written policy governing employee use of generative AI that specifies which technologies and tasks are permitted, emphasizes the importance of reviewing AI-generated content, and warns that violations may result in administrative discipline.
G-01.1
2
Law enforcement agencies must include a disclaimer in any written police report or law enforcement record created wholly or partially with generative AI, stating that the report or record contains AI-generated content.
T-02.1
3
The author of a police report or law enforcement record created wholly or partially with generative AI must certify that they have personally read and reviewed the report or record for accuracy.
H-01.6

Passage Likelihood

Failed
Status Failed
Final action Governor Signed in Lieutenant Governor's office for filing

Legislative History

2025-01-28 Bill Numbered but not Distributed in Legislative Research and General Counsel
2025-01-28 Numbered Bill Publicly Distributed in Legislative Research and General Counsel
2025-01-28 Senate/ received bill from Legislative Research in Waiting for Introduction in the Senate
2025-01-29 Senate/ 1st reading (Introduced) in Senate Rules Committee
2025-01-30 Senate/ received fiscal note from Fiscal Analyst in Senate Rules Committee
2025-01-30 Senate/ to standing committee in Senate Judiciary, Law Enforcement, and Criminal Justice Committee
2025-02-10 Senate Comm - Substitute Recommendation in Senate Judiciary, Law Enforcement, and Criminal Justice Committee
2025-02-10 Senate Comm - Favorable Recommendation in Senate Judiciary, Law Enforcement, and Criminal Justice Committee
2025-02-11 Senate/ comm rpt/ substituted in Senate Judiciary, Law Enforcement, and Criminal Justice Committee
2025-02-11 Senate/ placed on 2nd Reading Calendar in Senate 2nd Reading Calendar
2025-02-18 Senate/ 2nd reading in Senate 2nd Reading Calendar
2025-02-18 Senate/ passed 2nd reading in Senate 3rd Reading Calendar
2025-02-19 Senate/ 3rd reading in Senate 3rd Reading Calendar
2025-02-19 Senate/ passed 3rd reading in Clerk of the House
2025-02-19 Senate/ to House in Clerk of the House
2025-02-19 House/ received from Senate in Clerk of the House
2025-02-19 House/ 1st reading (Introduced) in House Rules Committee
2025-02-20 House/ to standing committee in House Law Enforcement and Criminal Justice Committee
2025-02-24 House Comm - Favorable Recommendation in House Law Enforcement and Criminal Justice Committee
2025-02-24 House/ committee report favorable in House Law Enforcement and Criminal Justice Committee
2025-02-24 House/ 2nd reading in House 3rd Reading Calendar for Senate bills
2025-02-26 House/ 3rd reading in House 3rd Reading Calendar for Senate bills
2025-02-26 House/ passed 3rd reading in House Speaker
2025-02-26 House/ signed by Speaker/ returned to Senate in Senate President
2025-02-26 House/ to Senate in Senate President
2025-02-27 Senate/ received from House in Senate President
2025-02-27 Senate/ signed by President/ sent for enrolling in Legislative Research and General Counsel / Enrolling
2025-02-28 Bill Received from Senate for Enrolling in Legislative Research and General Counsel / Enrolling
2025-02-28 Draft of Enrolled Bill Prepared in Legislative Research and General Counsel / Enrolling
2025-03-06 Enrolled Bill Returned to House or Senate in Senate Secretary
2025-03-06 Senate/ enrolled bill to Printing in Senate Secretary
2025-03-13 Senate/ received enrolled bill from Printing in Senate Secretary
2025-03-13 Senate/ to Governor in Executive Branch - Governor
2025-03-25 Governor Signed in Lieutenant Governor's office for filing

Entry Last Reviewed

2026-05-17
AI generated