WHAT THIS BILL REGULATES · 6 REQUIREMENT TYPES
How Is This Bill Enforced
Verbatim statutory text on the left; plain-language analysis and a per-section checklist on the right. Numbered markers cross-link to the matching checklist row.
(1)–(12) "AlgorithmAlgorithm"Algorithm" means a computerized procedure consisting of a set of steps used to accomplish a determined task.Sec. 1(1)" means a computerized procedure consisting of a set of steps used to accomplish a determined task. (2) "Automated decision systemAutomated decision system"Automated decision system" means an algorithm or computational process that is used to make or assist in making decisions, judgments, or conclusions. "Automated decision system" includes algorithms and computational processes that are derived from machine learning, statistics, data processing, or artificial intelligence.Sec. 1(2)" means an algorithmAlgorithm"Algorithm" means a computerized procedure consisting of a set of steps used to accomplish a determined task.Sec. 1(1) or computational process that is used to make or assist in making decisions, judgments, or conclusions. "Automated decision systemAutomated decision system"Automated decision system" means an algorithm or computational process that is used to make or assist in making decisions, judgments, or conclusions. "Automated decision system" includes algorithms and computational processes that are derived from machine learning, statistics, data processing, or artificial intelligence.Sec. 1(2)" includes algorithmsAlgorithm"Algorithm" means a computerized procedure consisting of a set of steps used to accomplish a determined task.Sec. 1(1) and computational processes that are derived from machine learning, statistics, dataData"Data" means information obtained by any means that, directly or indirectly, identifies, relates to, describes, may reasonably be associated with, or could reasonably be linked to an employee, including: (a) Personal information; as defined in RCW 19.255.005; (b) Biometric data; (c) Health information; (d) Information related to workplace activities; (e) Human resources information and personnel files; and (f) Information related to the employee's internet and digital activities, including electronic communications, private social media activity, and personal internet protocol address.Sec. 1(5) processing, or artificial intelligence. (3) "Automated decision system outputAutomated decision system output"Automated decision system output" means information, data, assumptions, predictions, scoring, recommendations, decisions, or conclusions generated by an automated decision system.Sec. 1(3)" means information, dataData"Data" means information obtained by any means that, directly or indirectly, identifies, relates to, describes, may reasonably be associated with, or could reasonably be linked to an employee, including: (a) Personal information; as defined in RCW 19.255.005; (b) Biometric data; (c) Health information; (d) Information related to workplace activities; (e) Human resources information and personnel files; and (f) Information related to the employee's internet and digital activities, including electronic communications, private social media activity, and personal internet protocol address.Sec. 1(5), assumptions, predictions, scoring, recommendations, decisions, or conclusions generated by an automated decision systemAutomated decision system"Automated decision system" means an algorithm or computational process that is used to make or assist in making decisions, judgments, or conclusions. "Automated decision system" includes algorithms and computational processes that are derived from machine learning, statistics, data processing, or artificial intelligence.Sec. 1(2). (4) "Biometric dataBiometric data"Biometric data" means data that is generated from the measurement or technological processing of an individual's physiological, biological, or behavioral characteristics and that identifies a person, whether individually or in combination with other data. "Biometric data" includes, but is not limited to: (a) Imagery of the iris, retina, fingerprint, face, hand, palm, vein patterns, and voice recordings, from which an identifier template can be extracted; or (b) Keystroke patterns or rhythms and gait patterns or rhythms that contain identifying information.Sec. 1(4)" means dataData"Data" means information obtained by any means that, directly or indirectly, identifies, relates to, describes, may reasonably be associated with, or could reasonably be linked to an employee, including: (a) Personal information; as defined in RCW 19.255.005; (b) Biometric data; (c) Health information; (d) Information related to workplace activities; (e) Human resources information and personnel files; and (f) Information related to the employee's internet and digital activities, including electronic communications, private social media activity, and personal internet protocol address.Sec. 1(5) that is generated from the measurement or technological processing of an individual's physiological, biological, or behavioral characteristics and that identifies a person, whether individually or in combination with other dataData"Data" means information obtained by any means that, directly or indirectly, identifies, relates to, describes, may reasonably be associated with, or could reasonably be linked to an employee, including: (a) Personal information; as defined in RCW 19.255.005; (b) Biometric data; (c) Health information; (d) Information related to workplace activities; (e) Human resources information and personnel files; and (f) Information related to the employee's internet and digital activities, including electronic communications, private social media activity, and personal internet protocol address.Sec. 1(5). "Biometric dataBiometric data"Biometric data" means data that is generated from the measurement or technological processing of an individual's physiological, biological, or behavioral characteristics and that identifies a person, whether individually or in combination with other data. "Biometric data" includes, but is not limited to: (a) Imagery of the iris, retina, fingerprint, face, hand, palm, vein patterns, and voice recordings, from which an identifier template can be extracted; or (b) Keystroke patterns or rhythms and gait patterns or rhythms that contain identifying information.Sec. 1(4)" includes, but is not limited to: (a) Imagery of the iris, retina, fingerprint, face, hand, palm, vein patterns, and voice recordings, from which an identifier template can be extracted; or (b) Keystroke patterns or rhythms and gait patterns or rhythms that contain identifying information. (5) "DataData"Data" means information obtained by any means that, directly or indirectly, identifies, relates to, describes, may reasonably be associated with, or could reasonably be linked to an employee, including: (a) Personal information; as defined in RCW 19.255.005; (b) Biometric data; (c) Health information; (d) Information related to workplace activities; (e) Human resources information and personnel files; and (f) Information related to the employee's internet and digital activities, including electronic communications, private social media activity, and personal internet protocol address.Sec. 1(5)" means information obtained by any means that, directly or indirectly, identifies, relates to, describes, may reasonably be associated with, or could reasonably be linked to an employeeEmployee"Employee" means an employee who is employed in the business of the employee's employer whether by way of manual labor or otherwise.Sec. 1(8), including: (a) Personal information; as defined in RCW 19.255.005; (b) Biometric dataBiometric data"Biometric data" means data that is generated from the measurement or technological processing of an individual's physiological, biological, or behavioral characteristics and that identifies a person, whether individually or in combination with other data. "Biometric data" includes, but is not limited to: (a) Imagery of the iris, retina, fingerprint, face, hand, palm, vein patterns, and voice recordings, from which an identifier template can be extracted; or (b) Keystroke patterns or rhythms and gait patterns or rhythms that contain identifying information.Sec. 1(4); (c) Health informationHealth information"Health information" means personal information that is linked or reasonably linkable to a person and that identifies the person's past, present, or future physical or mental health status. For the purposes of this definition, physical or mental health status includes, but is not limited to: (i) Individual health conditions, treatment, diseases, or diagnosis; (ii) Social, psychological, behavioral, and medical interventions; (iii) Health-related surgeries or procedures; (iv) Use or purchase of prescribed medication; (v) Bodily functions, vital signs, symptoms, or measurements of such information; (vi) Diagnoses or diagnostic testing, treatment, or medication; (vii) Gender-affirming care information; (viii) Reproductive or sexual health information; (ix) Biometric data; (x) Genetic data; (xi) Precise location information that could reasonably indicate a person's attempt to acquire or receive health services or supplies; (xii) Data that identifies a person seeking health care services; or (xiii) Any information that an employer, or the employer's respective processor, processes to associate or identify a person with the data described in (b)(i) through (xii) of this subsection that is derived or extrapolated from nonhealth information, such as proxy, derivative, inferred, or emergent data by any means, including algorithms or machine learning.Sec. 1(12); (d) Information related to workplace activities; (e) Human resources information and personnel files; and (f) Information related to the employeeEmployee"Employee" means an employee who is employed in the business of the employee's employer whether by way of manual labor or otherwise.Sec. 1(8)'s internet and digital activities, including electronic communications, private social media activity, and personal internet protocol address. (6) "DepartmentDepartment"Department" means the department of labor and industries.Sec. 1(6)" means the department of labor and industries. (7) "Electronic monitoringElectronic monitoring"Electronic monitoring" means the collection of information concerning employee activities or communication by any means other than direct, in-person observation, including through the use of a digital device, computer, telephone, wire, radio, camera, or electromagnetic, photoelectronic, or photo-optical system.Sec. 1(7)" means the collection of information concerning employeeEmployee"Employee" means an employee who is employed in the business of the employee's employer whether by way of manual labor or otherwise.Sec. 1(8) activities or communication by any means other than direct, in-person observation, including through the use of a digital device, computer, telephone, wire, radio, camera, or electromagnetic, photoelectronic, or photo-optical system. (8) "EmployeeEmployee"Employee" means an employee who is employed in the business of the employee's employer whether by way of manual labor or otherwise.Sec. 1(8)" means an employeeEmployee"Employee" means an employee who is employed in the business of the employee's employer whether by way of manual labor or otherwise.Sec. 1(8) who is employed in the business of the employeeEmployee"Employee" means an employee who is employed in the business of the employee's employer whether by way of manual labor or otherwise.Sec. 1(8)'s employerEmployer"Employer" means any person, firm, corporation, partnership, business trust, legal representative, or other business entity which engages in any business, industry, profession, or activity in this state and employs one or more employees.Sec. 1(9) whether by way of manual labor or otherwise. (9) "EmployerEmployer"Employer" means any person, firm, corporation, partnership, business trust, legal representative, or other business entity which engages in any business, industry, profession, or activity in this state and employs one or more employees.Sec. 1(9)" means any person, firm, corporation, partnership, business trust, legal representative, or other business entity which engages in any business, industry, profession, or activity in this state and employs one or more employeesEmployee"Employee" means an employee who is employed in the business of the employee's employer whether by way of manual labor or otherwise.Sec. 1(8). (10) "Employment-related decision" means any decision by an employerEmployer"Employer" means any person, firm, corporation, partnership, business trust, legal representative, or other business entity which engages in any business, industry, profession, or activity in this state and employs one or more employees.Sec. 1(9) that: (a) Affects an employeeEmployee"Employee" means an employee who is employed in the business of the employee's employer whether by way of manual labor or otherwise.Sec. 1(8)'s compensation, benefits, or terms and conditions of employment; (b) Relates to the discipline, evaluation, promotion, or termination of an employeeEmployee"Employee" means an employee who is employed in the business of the employee's employer whether by way of manual labor or otherwise.Sec. 1(8); or (c) Relates to the hiring of an individual or employeeEmployee"Employee" means an employee who is employed in the business of the employee's employer whether by way of manual labor or otherwise.Sec. 1(8) for a position or job. (11) "Essential job functionEssential job function"Essential job function" means a fundamental duty of a job or position that an employee with that job or position must be able to perform.Sec. 1(11)" means a fundamental duty of a job or position that an employeeEmployee"Employee" means an employee who is employed in the business of the employee's employer whether by way of manual labor or otherwise.Sec. 1(8) with that job or position must be able to perform. (12)(a) "Health informationHealth information"Health information" means personal information that is linked or reasonably linkable to a person and that identifies the person's past, present, or future physical or mental health status. For the purposes of this definition, physical or mental health status includes, but is not limited to: (i) Individual health conditions, treatment, diseases, or diagnosis; (ii) Social, psychological, behavioral, and medical interventions; (iii) Health-related surgeries or procedures; (iv) Use or purchase of prescribed medication; (v) Bodily functions, vital signs, symptoms, or measurements of such information; (vi) Diagnoses or diagnostic testing, treatment, or medication; (vii) Gender-affirming care information; (viii) Reproductive or sexual health information; (ix) Biometric data; (x) Genetic data; (xi) Precise location information that could reasonably indicate a person's attempt to acquire or receive health services or supplies; (xii) Data that identifies a person seeking health care services; or (xiii) Any information that an employer, or the employer's respective processor, processes to associate or identify a person with the data described in (b)(i) through (xii) of this subsection that is derived or extrapolated from nonhealth information, such as proxy, derivative, inferred, or emergent data by any means, including algorithms or machine learning.Sec. 1(12)" means personal information that is linked or reasonably linkable to a person and that identifies the person's past, present, or future physical or mental health status.
Section 1 establishes the definitional framework for the chapter. Key defined terms include automated decision system, which broadly covers any algorithm or computational process used to make or assist in making decisions — including those derived from machine learning, statistics, data processing, or AI. Electronic monitoring is defined expansively to cover any collection of employee activity or communication data by means other than direct in-person observation. Employment-related decision covers compensation, benefits, terms and conditions, discipline, evaluation, promotion, termination, and hiring. The data definition is notably broad, encompassing personal information, biometric data, health information, workplace activity data, HR files, and internet and digital activity including private social media.
(1)–(5) 1 Subject to the prohibitions of section 4 of this act, an employerEmployer"Employer" means any person, firm, corporation, partnership, business trust, legal representative, or other business entity which engages in any business, industry, profession, or activity in this state and employs one or more employees.Sec. 1(9) may not engage in electronic monitoring of an employeeEmployee"Employee" means an employee who is employed in the business of the employee's employer whether by way of manual labor or otherwise.Sec. 1(8) unless all of the following requirements are met: (1) The employerEmployer"Employer" means any person, firm, corporation, partnership, business trust, legal representative, or other business entity which engages in any business, industry, profession, or activity in this state and employs one or more employees.Sec. 1(9)'s purpose in utilizing the electronic monitoringElectronic monitoring"Electronic monitoring" means the collection of information concerning employee activities or communication by any means other than direct, in-person observation, including through the use of a digital device, computer, telephone, wire, radio, camera, or electromagnetic, photoelectronic, or photo-optical system.Sec. 1(7) is to: (a) Assist or allow the employeeEmployee"Employee" means an employee who is employed in the business of the employee's employer whether by way of manual labor or otherwise.Sec. 1(8) to accomplish an essential job functionEssential job function"Essential job function" means a fundamental duty of a job or position that an employee with that job or position must be able to perform.Sec. 1(11); (b) Monitor production processes or quality; (c) Ensure compliance with applicable employment or labor laws; (d) Protect the health, safety, or security of the employeeEmployee"Employee" means an employee who is employed in the business of the employee's employer whether by way of manual labor or otherwise.Sec. 1(8); or (e) Track time worked or production output for purposes of determining the employeeEmployee"Employee" means an employee who is employed in the business of the employee's employer whether by way of manual labor or otherwise.Sec. 1(8)'s compensation; (2) Electronic monitoringElectronic monitoring"Electronic monitoring" means the collection of information concerning employee activities or communication by any means other than direct, in-person observation, including through the use of a digital device, computer, telephone, wire, radio, camera, or electromagnetic, photoelectronic, or photo-optical system.Sec. 1(7) is necessary to accomplish the purpose identified pursuant to subsection (1) of this section; (3) The specific form of electronic monitoringElectronic monitoring"Electronic monitoring" means the collection of information concerning employee activities or communication by any means other than direct, in-person observation, including through the use of a digital device, computer, telephone, wire, radio, camera, or electromagnetic, photoelectronic, or photo-optical system.Sec. 1(7) is the least invasive means, with respect to the employeeEmployee"Employee" means an employee who is employed in the business of the employee's employer whether by way of manual labor or otherwise.Sec. 1(8), of accomplishing the purpose identified pursuant to subsection (1) of this section; (4) The specific form of electronic monitoringElectronic monitoring"Electronic monitoring" means the collection of information concerning employee activities or communication by any means other than direct, in-person observation, including through the use of a digital device, computer, telephone, wire, radio, camera, or electromagnetic, photoelectronic, or photo-optical system.Sec. 1(7) is used with the smallest number of employeesEmployee"Employee" means an employee who is employed in the business of the employee's employer whether by way of manual labor or otherwise.Sec. 1(8) and collects the smallest amount of dataData"Data" means information obtained by any means that, directly or indirectly, identifies, relates to, describes, may reasonably be associated with, or could reasonably be linked to an employee, including: (a) Personal information; as defined in RCW 19.255.005; (b) Biometric data; (c) Health information; (d) Information related to workplace activities; (e) Human resources information and personnel files; and (f) Information related to the employee's internet and digital activities, including electronic communications, private social media activity, and personal internet protocol address.Sec. 1(5) necessary to accomplish the purpose identified pursuant to subsection (1) of this section; and (5) The employerEmployer"Employer" means any person, firm, corporation, partnership, business trust, legal representative, or other business entity which engages in any business, industry, profession, or activity in this state and employs one or more employees.Sec. 1(9) ensures that only authorized persons have access to any dataData"Data" means information obtained by any means that, directly or indirectly, identifies, relates to, describes, may reasonably be associated with, or could reasonably be linked to an employee, including: (a) Personal information; as defined in RCW 19.255.005; (b) Biometric data; (c) Health information; (d) Information related to workplace activities; (e) Human resources information and personnel files; and (f) Information related to the employee's internet and digital activities, including electronic communications, private social media activity, and personal internet protocol address.Sec. 1(5) produced through the electronic monitoringElectronic monitoring"Electronic monitoring" means the collection of information concerning employee activities or communication by any means other than direct, in-person observation, including through the use of a digital device, computer, telephone, wire, radio, camera, or electromagnetic, photoelectronic, or photo-optical system.Sec. 1(7) and that the dataData"Data" means information obtained by any means that, directly or indirectly, identifies, relates to, describes, may reasonably be associated with, or could reasonably be linked to an employee, including: (a) Personal information; as defined in RCW 19.255.005; (b) Biometric data; (c) Health information; (d) Information related to workplace activities; (e) Human resources information and personnel files; and (f) Information related to the employee's internet and digital activities, including electronic communications, private social media activity, and personal internet protocol address.Sec. 1(5) is only used for the purpose and duration that the employeeEmployee"Employee" means an employee who is employed in the business of the employee's employer whether by way of manual labor or otherwise.Sec. 1(8) has been notified of pursuant to section 3 of this act.
Section 2 establishes the baseline conditions under which an employer may engage in electronic monitoring of employees. Monitoring is permitted only for five enumerated purposes — assisting essential job functions, monitoring production processes, ensuring legal compliance, protecting employee health and safety, or tracking time worked for compensation. Beyond purpose limitation, the employer must demonstrate that monitoring is necessary, uses the least invasive means, covers the smallest number of employees collecting the smallest amount of data necessary, and that only authorized persons access the data for the noticed purpose and duration.
This section creates a multi-factor proportionality test that is more restrictive than most state employee monitoring regimes. Every form of monitoring must independently satisfy all five conditions.
(1)–(2) 2 Except as provided for in subsection (5) of this section, at least 15 calendar days prior to commencing any form of electronic monitoringElectronic monitoring"Electronic monitoring" means the collection of information concerning employee activities or communication by any means other than direct, in-person observation, including through the use of a digital device, computer, telephone, wire, radio, camera, or electromagnetic, photoelectronic, or photo-optical system.Sec. 1(7) in compliance with section 2 of this act, an employerEmployer"Employer" means any person, firm, corporation, partnership, business trust, legal representative, or other business entity which engages in any business, industry, profession, or activity in this state and employs one or more employees.Sec. 1(9) shall provide notice of the electronic monitoringElectronic monitoring"Electronic monitoring" means the collection of information concerning employee activities or communication by any means other than direct, in-person observation, including through the use of a digital device, computer, telephone, wire, radio, camera, or electromagnetic, photoelectronic, or photo-optical system.Sec. 1(7) to each employeeEmployee"Employee" means an employee who is employed in the business of the employee's employer whether by way of manual labor or otherwise.Sec. 1(8) who will be subject to it. (2) The notice required under this section must, at a minimum, include the following information: (a) The specific form of electronic monitoringElectronic monitoring"Electronic monitoring" means the collection of information concerning employee activities or communication by any means other than direct, in-person observation, including through the use of a digital device, computer, telephone, wire, radio, camera, or electromagnetic, photoelectronic, or photo-optical system.Sec. 1(7); (b) A description of the intended purpose of the electronic monitoringElectronic monitoring"Electronic monitoring" means the collection of information concerning employee activities or communication by any means other than direct, in-person observation, including through the use of a digital device, computer, telephone, wire, radio, camera, or electromagnetic, photoelectronic, or photo-optical system.Sec. 1(7) and why the electronic monitoringElectronic monitoring"Electronic monitoring" means the collection of information concerning employee activities or communication by any means other than direct, in-person observation, including through the use of a digital device, computer, telephone, wire, radio, camera, or electromagnetic, photoelectronic, or photo-optical system.Sec. 1(7) is necessary to accomplish that purpose; (c) A description of how any dataData"Data" means information obtained by any means that, directly or indirectly, identifies, relates to, describes, may reasonably be associated with, or could reasonably be linked to an employee, including: (a) Personal information; as defined in RCW 19.255.005; (b) Biometric data; (c) Health information; (d) Information related to workplace activities; (e) Human resources information and personnel files; and (f) Information related to the employee's internet and digital activities, including electronic communications, private social media activity, and personal internet protocol address.Sec. 1(5) generated by the electronic monitoringElectronic monitoring"Electronic monitoring" means the collection of information concerning employee activities or communication by any means other than direct, in-person observation, including through the use of a digital device, computer, telephone, wire, radio, camera, or electromagnetic, photoelectronic, or photo-optical system.Sec. 1(7) will be used; (d) A description of the technologies that will be used to conduct the electronic monitoringElectronic monitoring"Electronic monitoring" means the collection of information concerning employee activities or communication by any means other than direct, in-person observation, including through the use of a digital device, computer, telephone, wire, radio, camera, or electromagnetic, photoelectronic, or photo-optical system.Sec. 1(7); (e) Whether and, if so, how the dataData"Data" means information obtained by any means that, directly or indirectly, identifies, relates to, describes, may reasonably be associated with, or could reasonably be linked to an employee, including: (a) Personal information; as defined in RCW 19.255.005; (b) Biometric data; (c) Health information; (d) Information related to workplace activities; (e) Human resources information and personnel files; and (f) Information related to the employee's internet and digital activities, including electronic communications, private social media activity, and personal internet protocol address.Sec. 1(5) generated by the electronic monitoringElectronic monitoring"Electronic monitoring" means the collection of information concerning employee activities or communication by any means other than direct, in-person observation, including through the use of a digital device, computer, telephone, wire, radio, camera, or electromagnetic, photoelectronic, or photo-optical system.Sec. 1(7) will be used to inform employment-related decisions; (f) The name of any person conducting electronic monitoringElectronic monitoring"Electronic monitoring" means the collection of information concerning employee activities or communication by any means other than direct, in-person observation, including through the use of a digital device, computer, telephone, wire, radio, camera, or electromagnetic, photoelectronic, or photo-optical system.Sec. 1(7) on the employerEmployer"Employer" means any person, firm, corporation, partnership, business trust, legal representative, or other business entity which engages in any business, industry, profession, or activity in this state and employs one or more employees.Sec. 1(9)'s behalf and any associated contract language related to the monitoring; (g) The name of any person, apart from the employerEmployer"Employer" means any person, firm, corporation, partnership, business trust, legal representative, or other business entity which engages in any business, industry, profession, or activity in this state and employs one or more employees.Sec. 1(9), who will have access to any dataData"Data" means information obtained by any means that, directly or indirectly, identifies, relates to, describes, may reasonably be associated with, or could reasonably be linked to an employee, including: (a) Personal information; as defined in RCW 19.255.005; (b) Biometric data; (c) Health information; (d) Information related to workplace activities; (e) Human resources information and personnel files; and (f) Information related to the employee's internet and digital activities, including electronic communications, private social media activity, and personal internet protocol address.Sec. 1(5) generated by the electronic monitoringElectronic monitoring"Electronic monitoring" means the collection of information concerning employee activities or communication by any means other than direct, in-person observation, including through the use of a digital device, computer, telephone, wire, radio, camera, or electromagnetic, photoelectronic, or photo-optical system.Sec. 1(7) and the reason why the person will have access to the dataData"Data" means information obtained by any means that, directly or indirectly, identifies, relates to, describes, may reasonably be associated with, or could reasonably be linked to an employee, including: (a) Personal information; as defined in RCW 19.255.005; (b) Biometric data; (c) Health information; (d) Information related to workplace activities; (e) Human resources information and personnel files; and (f) Information related to the employee's internet and digital activities, including electronic communications, private social media activity, and personal internet protocol address.Sec. 1(5); (h) The positions within the employerEmployer"Employer" means any person, firm, corporation, partnership, business trust, legal representative, or other business entity which engages in any business, industry, profession, or activity in this state and employs one or more employees.Sec. 1(9) that will have access to any dataData"Data" means information obtained by any means that, directly or indirectly, identifies, relates to, describes, may reasonably be associated with, or could reasonably be linked to an employee, including: (a) Personal information; as defined in RCW 19.255.005; (b) Biometric data; (c) Health information; (d) Information related to workplace activities; (e) Human resources information and personnel files; and (f) Information related to the employee's internet and digital activities, including electronic communications, private social media activity, and personal internet protocol address.Sec. 1(5) generated by the electronic monitoringElectronic monitoring"Electronic monitoring" means the collection of information concerning employee activities or communication by any means other than direct, in-person observation, including through the use of a digital device, computer, telephone, wire, radio, camera, or electromagnetic, photoelectronic, or photo-optical system.Sec. 1(7); (i) When, where, and how frequently monitoring will occur; (j) The period of time for which any dataData"Data" means information obtained by any means that, directly or indirectly, identifies, relates to, describes, may reasonably be associated with, or could reasonably be linked to an employee, including: (a) Personal information; as defined in RCW 19.255.005; (b) Biometric data; (c) Health information; (d) Information related to workplace activities; (e) Human resources information and personnel files; and (f) Information related to the employee's internet and digital activities, including electronic communications, private social media activity, and personal internet protocol address.Sec. 1(5) generated by the electronic monitoringElectronic monitoring"Electronic monitoring" means the collection of information concerning employee activities or communication by any means other than direct, in-person observation, including through the use of a digital device, computer, telephone, wire, radio, camera, or electromagnetic, photoelectronic, or photo-optical system.Sec. 1(7) will be retained by the employerEmployer"Employer" means any person, firm, corporation, partnership, business trust, legal representative, or other business entity which engages in any business, industry, profession, or activity in this state and employs one or more employees.Sec. 1(9) or another person and when that dataData"Data" means information obtained by any means that, directly or indirectly, identifies, relates to, describes, may reasonably be associated with, or could reasonably be linked to an employee, including: (a) Personal information; as defined in RCW 19.255.005; (b) Biometric data; (c) Health information; (d) Information related to workplace activities; (e) Human resources information and personnel files; and (f) Information related to the employee's internet and digital activities, including electronic communications, private social media activity, and personal internet protocol address.Sec. 1(5) will be destroyed; (k) Notice of how the employeeEmployee"Employee" means an employee who is employed in the business of the employee's employer whether by way of manual labor or otherwise.Sec. 1(8) may access the dataData"Data" means information obtained by any means that, directly or indirectly, identifies, relates to, describes, may reasonably be associated with, or could reasonably be linked to an employee, including: (a) Personal information; as defined in RCW 19.255.005; (b) Biometric data; (c) Health information; (d) Information related to workplace activities; (e) Human resources information and personnel files; and (f) Information related to the employee's internet and digital activities, including electronic communications, private social media activity, and personal internet protocol address.Sec. 1(5) generated by the electronic monitoringElectronic monitoring"Electronic monitoring" means the collection of information concerning employee activities or communication by any means other than direct, in-person observation, including through the use of a digital device, computer, telephone, wire, radio, camera, or electromagnetic, photoelectronic, or photo-optical system.Sec. 1(7) and the process to correct any errors in the dataData"Data" means information obtained by any means that, directly or indirectly, identifies, relates to, describes, may reasonably be associated with, or could reasonably be linked to an employee, including: (a) Personal information; as defined in RCW 19.255.005; (b) Biometric data; (c) Health information; (d) Information related to workplace activities; (e) Human resources information and personnel files; and (f) Information related to the employee's internet and digital activities, including electronic communications, private social media activity, and personal internet protocol address.Sec. 1(5); and (l) Notice of the employeeEmployee"Employee" means an employee who is employed in the business of the employee's employer whether by way of manual labor or otherwise.Sec. 1(8)'s rights pursuant to this section.
(3)–(4) 2 Notice of electronic monitoringElectronic monitoring"Electronic monitoring" means the collection of information concerning employee activities or communication by any means other than direct, in-person observation, including through the use of a digital device, computer, telephone, wire, radio, camera, or electromagnetic, photoelectronic, or photo-optical system.Sec. 1(7) provided pursuant to this section must be written in plain, clear, and concise language and provided to each employeeEmployee"Employee" means an employee who is employed in the business of the employee's employer whether by way of manual labor or otherwise.Sec. 1(8) in the employeeEmployee"Employee" means an employee who is employed in the business of the employee's employer whether by way of manual labor or otherwise.Sec. 1(8)'s primary language. (4) An employerEmployer"Employer" means any person, firm, corporation, partnership, business trust, legal representative, or other business entity which engages in any business, industry, profession, or activity in this state and employs one or more employees.Sec. 1(9) shall provide a new, updated notice to employeesEmployee"Employee" means an employee who is employed in the business of the employee's employer whether by way of manual labor or otherwise.Sec. 1(8) if it makes any significant changes to the manner of electronic monitoringElectronic monitoring"Electronic monitoring" means the collection of information concerning employee activities or communication by any means other than direct, in-person observation, including through the use of a digital device, computer, telephone, wire, radio, camera, or electromagnetic, photoelectronic, or photo-optical system.Sec. 1(7) or to the way that the employerEmployer"Employer" means any person, firm, corporation, partnership, business trust, legal representative, or other business entity which engages in any business, industry, profession, or activity in this state and employs one or more employees.Sec. 1(9) utilizes the electronic monitoringElectronic monitoring"Electronic monitoring" means the collection of information concerning employee activities or communication by any means other than direct, in-person observation, including through the use of a digital device, computer, telephone, wire, radio, camera, or electromagnetic, photoelectronic, or photo-optical system.Sec. 1(7) or any dataData"Data" means information obtained by any means that, directly or indirectly, identifies, relates to, describes, may reasonably be associated with, or could reasonably be linked to an employee, including: (a) Personal information; as defined in RCW 19.255.005; (b) Biometric data; (c) Health information; (d) Information related to workplace activities; (e) Human resources information and personnel files; and (f) Information related to the employee's internet and digital activities, including electronic communications, private social media activity, and personal internet protocol address.Sec. 1(5) generated by it.
(5) 2 Prior notice of electronic monitoringElectronic monitoring"Electronic monitoring" means the collection of information concerning employee activities or communication by any means other than direct, in-person observation, including through the use of a digital device, computer, telephone, wire, radio, camera, or electromagnetic, photoelectronic, or photo-optical system.Sec. 1(7) is not required if: (a) The employerEmployer"Employer" means any person, firm, corporation, partnership, business trust, legal representative, or other business entity which engages in any business, industry, profession, or activity in this state and employs one or more employees.Sec. 1(9) has reasonable grounds to believe that the employeeEmployee"Employee" means an employee who is employed in the business of the employee's employer whether by way of manual labor or otherwise.Sec. 1(8) is engaged in conduct that: (i) Is illegal; (ii) Violates the legal rights of the employerEmployer"Employer" means any person, firm, corporation, partnership, business trust, legal representative, or other business entity which engages in any business, industry, profession, or activity in this state and employs one or more employees.Sec. 1(9) or another employeeEmployee"Employee" means an employee who is employed in the business of the employee's employer whether by way of manual labor or otherwise.Sec. 1(8); or (iii) Creates a hostile work environment; and (b) The electronic monitoringElectronic monitoring"Electronic monitoring" means the collection of information concerning employee activities or communication by any means other than direct, in-person observation, including through the use of a digital device, computer, telephone, wire, radio, camera, or electromagnetic, photoelectronic, or photo-optical system.Sec. 1(7) is reasonably likely to produce evidence of the conduct.
(6) 3 An employerEmployer"Employer" means any person, firm, corporation, partnership, business trust, legal representative, or other business entity which engages in any business, industry, profession, or activity in this state and employs one or more employees.Sec. 1(9) that utilizes electronic monitoringElectronic monitoring"Electronic monitoring" means the collection of information concerning employee activities or communication by any means other than direct, in-person observation, including through the use of a digital device, computer, telephone, wire, radio, camera, or electromagnetic, photoelectronic, or photo-optical system.Sec. 1(7) shall annually provide each of its employeesEmployee"Employee" means an employee who is employed in the business of the employee's employer whether by way of manual labor or otherwise.Sec. 1(8) with a list of all electronic monitoringElectronic monitoring"Electronic monitoring" means the collection of information concerning employee activities or communication by any means other than direct, in-person observation, including through the use of a digital device, computer, telephone, wire, radio, camera, or electromagnetic, photoelectronic, or photo-optical system.Sec. 1(7) systems currently in use by the employerEmployer"Employer" means any person, firm, corporation, partnership, business trust, legal representative, or other business entity which engages in any business, industry, profession, or activity in this state and employs one or more employees.Sec. 1(9) in relation to that employeeEmployee"Employee" means an employee who is employed in the business of the employee's employer whether by way of manual labor or otherwise.Sec. 1(8). The list must be provided in the primary language of the employeeEmployee"Employee" means an employee who is employed in the business of the employee's employer whether by way of manual labor or otherwise.Sec. 1(8). (b) As used in this subsection, "currently in use" means that the employerEmployer"Employer" means any person, firm, corporation, partnership, business trust, legal representative, or other business entity which engages in any business, industry, profession, or activity in this state and employs one or more employees.Sec. 1(9): (i) Is currently using the system in relation to the employeeEmployee"Employee" means an employee who is employed in the business of the employee's employer whether by way of manual labor or otherwise.Sec. 1(8); (ii) used the electronic monitoringElectronic monitoring"Electronic monitoring" means the collection of information concerning employee activities or communication by any means other than direct, in-person observation, including through the use of a digital device, computer, telephone, wire, radio, camera, or electromagnetic, photoelectronic, or photo-optical system.Sec. 1(7) system in relation to the employeeEmployee"Employee" means an employee who is employed in the business of the employee's employer whether by way of manual labor or otherwise.Sec. 1(8) within the past 90 days; or (iii) intends to use the electronic monitoringElectronic monitoring"Electronic monitoring" means the collection of information concerning employee activities or communication by any means other than direct, in-person observation, including through the use of a digital device, computer, telephone, wire, radio, camera, or electromagnetic, photoelectronic, or photo-optical system.Sec. 1(7) system in relation to the employeeEmployee"Employee" means an employee who is employed in the business of the employee's employer whether by way of manual labor or otherwise.Sec. 1(8) within the next 30 days.
Section 3 imposes detailed advance-notice obligations on employers before commencing electronic monitoring. At least 15 calendar days prior to monitoring, employers must provide each affected employee with a comprehensive written notice covering the form, purpose, data use, technologies, employment-decision linkage, third-party access, retention periods, correction rights, and the employee's statutory rights. Notice must be in plain language and in the employee's primary language.
Updated notice is required upon any significant change to monitoring practices. A narrow exception permits monitoring without advance notice when the employer has reasonable grounds to believe the employee is engaged in illegal conduct, rights violations, or hostile-work-environment behavior, and monitoring is reasonably likely to produce evidence. Employers must also provide an annual list of all electronic monitoring systems currently in use in relation to each employee.
(1)(a)–(f) 4 Notwithstanding the purposes for electronic monitoringElectronic monitoring"Electronic monitoring" means the collection of information concerning employee activities or communication by any means other than direct, in-person observation, including through the use of a digital device, computer, telephone, wire, radio, camera, or electromagnetic, photoelectronic, or photo-optical system.Sec. 1(7) set forth in section 2 of this act, electronic monitoringElectronic monitoring"Electronic monitoring" means the collection of information concerning employee activities or communication by any means other than direct, in-person observation, including through the use of a digital device, computer, telephone, wire, radio, camera, or electromagnetic, photoelectronic, or photo-optical system.Sec. 1(7) may not be used: (a) In any manner that violates state or federal labor or employment laws; (b) In relation to workers who are off duty and not performing work-related tasks; (c) To identify employeesEmployee"Employee" means an employee who is employed in the business of the employee's employer whether by way of manual labor or otherwise.Sec. 1(8) exercising legal rights; (d) For audio-visual monitoring of bathrooms, locker rooms, changing areas, breakrooms, smoking areas, employeeEmployee"Employee" means an employee who is employed in the business of the employee's employer whether by way of manual labor or otherwise.Sec. 1(8) cafeterias, lounges, lactation rooms, or other similarly private areas; (e) To determine the frequency with which employeesEmployee"Employee" means an employee who is employed in the business of the employee's employer whether by way of manual labor or otherwise.Sec. 1(8) visit or use bathrooms, locker rooms, changing areas, breakrooms, smoking areas, employeeEmployee"Employee" means an employee who is employed in the business of the employee's employer whether by way of manual labor or otherwise.Sec. 1(8) cafeterias, lounges, lactation rooms, or other similarly private areas; or (f) For audio-visual monitoring of any space within an employeeEmployee"Employee" means an employee who is employed in the business of the employee's employer whether by way of manual labor or otherwise.Sec. 1(8)'s residence or personal vehicle, or a property owned or rented by the employeeEmployee"Employee" means an employee who is employed in the business of the employee's employer whether by way of manual labor or otherwise.Sec. 1(8), unless the monitoring is necessary to ensure the employeeEmployee"Employee" means an employee who is employed in the business of the employee's employer whether by way of manual labor or otherwise.Sec. 1(8)'s health and safety or to verify the security of employerEmployer"Employer" means any person, firm, corporation, partnership, business trust, legal representative, or other business entity which engages in any business, industry, profession, or activity in this state and employs one or more employees.Sec. 1(9) or client dataData"Data" means information obtained by any means that, directly or indirectly, identifies, relates to, describes, may reasonably be associated with, or could reasonably be linked to an employee, including: (a) Personal information; as defined in RCW 19.255.005; (b) Biometric data; (c) Health information; (d) Information related to workplace activities; (e) Human resources information and personnel files; and (f) Information related to the employee's internet and digital activities, including electronic communications, private social media activity, and personal internet protocol address.Sec. 1(5). Monitoring of employeeEmployee"Employee" means an employee who is employed in the business of the employee's employer whether by way of manual labor or otherwise.Sec. 1(8) personal vehicles must comply with RCW 49.44.230.
(2) 5 Electronic monitoringElectronic monitoring"Electronic monitoring" means the collection of information concerning employee activities or communication by any means other than direct, in-person observation, including through the use of a digital device, computer, telephone, wire, radio, camera, or electromagnetic, photoelectronic, or photo-optical system.Sec. 1(7) may not incorporate any form of facial, gait, or emotion recognition technology.
(3) Electronic monitoring of employeeEmployee"Employee" means an employee who is employed in the business of the employee's employer whether by way of manual labor or otherwise.Sec. 1(8) social networking accounts must comply with RCW 49.44.200.
Section 4 establishes categorical prohibitions on certain forms and contexts of electronic monitoring, regardless of whether the purpose-limitation conditions in Section 2 are met. Monitoring is banned in private areas (bathrooms, locker rooms, breakrooms, lactation rooms), may not be used to track off-duty employees, may not be used to identify employees exercising legal rights, and may not incorporate facial, gait, or emotion recognition technology. Audio-visual monitoring of an employee's residence or personal vehicle is generally prohibited, with narrow exceptions for health/safety and data security.
The facial/gait/emotion recognition ban is an outright prohibition — not a conditional restriction — that applies to all employer electronic monitoring contexts. Social media monitoring is permitted but must comply with existing RCW 49.44.200.
(1)–(2) 6 An employerEmployer"Employer" means any person, firm, corporation, partnership, business trust, legal representative, or other business entity which engages in any business, industry, profession, or activity in this state and employs one or more employees.Sec. 1(9) may not require an employeeEmployee"Employee" means an employee who is employed in the business of the employee's employer whether by way of manual labor or otherwise.Sec. 1(8) to install an application on a personal device for purposes of electronic monitoringElectronic monitoring"Electronic monitoring" means the collection of information concerning employee activities or communication by any means other than direct, in-person observation, including through the use of a digital device, computer, telephone, wire, radio, camera, or electromagnetic, photoelectronic, or photo-optical system.Sec. 1(7) or to wear a device or attach, embed, or physically implant a device on the employeeEmployee"Employee" means an employee who is employed in the business of the employee's employer whether by way of manual labor or otherwise.Sec. 1(8)'s clothing that can be used for electronic monitoringElectronic monitoring"Electronic monitoring" means the collection of information concerning employee activities or communication by any means other than direct, in-person observation, including through the use of a digital device, computer, telephone, wire, radio, camera, or electromagnetic, photoelectronic, or photo-optical system.Sec. 1(7), unless the electronic monitoringElectronic monitoring"Electronic monitoring" means the collection of information concerning employee activities or communication by any means other than direct, in-person observation, including through the use of a digital device, computer, telephone, wire, radio, camera, or electromagnetic, photoelectronic, or photo-optical system.Sec. 1(7) is: (a) Necessary to accomplish the employeeEmployee"Employee" means an employee who is employed in the business of the employee's employer whether by way of manual labor or otherwise.Sec. 1(8)'s essential job functionsEssential job function"Essential job function" means a fundamental duty of a job or position that an employee with that job or position must be able to perform.Sec. 1(11); and (b) Limited to only the times and activities necessary to accomplish the essential job functionsEssential job function"Essential job function" means a fundamental duty of a job or position that an employee with that job or position must be able to perform.Sec. 1(11). (2) Any location tracking function of an application or device must be disabled outside of the times when the employeeEmployee"Employee" means an employee who is employed in the business of the employee's employer whether by way of manual labor or otherwise.Sec. 1(8) is engaged in activities necessary to accomplish essential job functionsEssential job function"Essential job function" means a fundamental duty of a job or position that an employee with that job or position must be able to perform.Sec. 1(11).
(3) 7 An employerEmployer"Employer" means any person, firm, corporation, partnership, business trust, legal representative, or other business entity which engages in any business, industry, profession, or activity in this state and employs one or more employees.Sec. 1(9) may not require an employeeEmployee"Employee" means an employee who is employed in the business of the employee's employer whether by way of manual labor or otherwise.Sec. 1(8) to physically implant a device on the employeeEmployee"Employee" means an employee who is employed in the business of the employee's employer whether by way of manual labor or otherwise.Sec. 1(8)'s body for purposes of employeeEmployee"Employee" means an employee who is employed in the business of the employee's employer whether by way of manual labor or otherwise.Sec. 1(8) monitoring.
Section 5 restricts employers' ability to require employees to install monitoring applications on personal devices or wear monitoring devices. Such requirements are permitted only where electronic monitoring is both necessary for essential job functions and limited to the times and activities required to accomplish those functions. Location tracking must be disabled outside work-activity periods. A categorical prohibition bars employers from requiring employees to physically implant monitoring devices in their bodies.
(1)(a)–(e) 8 An employerEmployer"Employer" means any person, firm, corporation, partnership, business trust, legal representative, or other business entity which engages in any business, industry, profession, or activity in this state and employs one or more employees.Sec. 1(9) may not use an automated decision systemAutomated decision system"Automated decision system" means an algorithm or computational process that is used to make or assist in making decisions, judgments, or conclusions. "Automated decision system" includes algorithms and computational processes that are derived from machine learning, statistics, data processing, or artificial intelligence.Sec. 1(2) in a manner that: (a) Violates state or federal law; (b) Makes predictions about an employeeEmployee"Employee" means an employee who is employed in the business of the employee's employer whether by way of manual labor or otherwise.Sec. 1(8)'s behavior that are unrelated to the employeeEmployee"Employee" means an employee who is employed in the business of the employee's employer whether by way of manual labor or otherwise.Sec. 1(8)'s essential job functionsEssential job function"Essential job function" means a fundamental duty of a job or position that an employee with that job or position must be able to perform.Sec. 1(11); (c) Identifies, profiles, or predicts the likelihood that an employeeEmployee"Employee" means an employee who is employed in the business of the employee's employer whether by way of manual labor or otherwise.Sec. 1(8) will exercise the employeeEmployee"Employee" means an employee who is employed in the business of the employee's employer whether by way of manual labor or otherwise.Sec. 1(8)'s legal rights; (d) Makes predictions about an employeeEmployee"Employee" means an employee who is employed in the business of the employee's employer whether by way of manual labor or otherwise.Sec. 1(8)'s emotions, personality, or other sentiments; or (e) Uses customer or client dataData"Data" means information obtained by any means that, directly or indirectly, identifies, relates to, describes, may reasonably be associated with, or could reasonably be linked to an employee, including: (a) Personal information; as defined in RCW 19.255.005; (b) Biometric data; (c) Health information; (d) Information related to workplace activities; (e) Human resources information and personnel files; and (f) Information related to the employee's internet and digital activities, including electronic communications, private social media activity, and personal internet protocol address.Sec. 1(5), including customer or client reviews and feedback, as an input of the automated decision systemAutomated decision system"Automated decision system" means an algorithm or computational process that is used to make or assist in making decisions, judgments, or conclusions. "Automated decision system" includes algorithms and computational processes that are derived from machine learning, statistics, data processing, or artificial intelligence.Sec. 1(2).
(2)(a)–(b) 9 An employerEmployer"Employer" means any person, firm, corporation, partnership, business trust, legal representative, or other business entity which engages in any business, industry, profession, or activity in this state and employs one or more employees.Sec. 1(9) may not solely rely on outputs from an automated decision systemAutomated decision system"Automated decision system" means an algorithm or computational process that is used to make or assist in making decisions, judgments, or conclusions. "Automated decision system" includes algorithms and computational processes that are derived from machine learning, statistics, data processing, or artificial intelligence.Sec. 1(2) when making employment-related decisions. (b) An employerEmployer"Employer" means any person, firm, corporation, partnership, business trust, legal representative, or other business entity which engages in any business, industry, profession, or activity in this state and employs one or more employees.Sec. 1(9) may utilize an automated decision systemAutomated decision system"Automated decision system" means an algorithm or computational process that is used to make or assist in making decisions, judgments, or conclusions. "Automated decision system" includes algorithms and computational processes that are derived from machine learning, statistics, data processing, or artificial intelligence.Sec. 1(2) in making employment-related decisions if: (i) The automated decision system outputsAutomated decision system output"Automated decision system output" means information, data, assumptions, predictions, scoring, recommendations, decisions, or conclusions generated by an automated decision system.Sec. 1(3) considered in making the employment-related decision are corroborated by human oversight of the employeeEmployee"Employee" means an employee who is employed in the business of the employee's employer whether by way of manual labor or otherwise.Sec. 1(8), including supervisory or managerial observations and documentation of the employeeEmployee"Employee" means an employee who is employed in the business of the employee's employer whether by way of manual labor or otherwise.Sec. 1(8)'s work, personnel records, and consultations with the employeeEmployee"Employee" means an employee who is employed in the business of the employee's employer whether by way of manual labor or otherwise.Sec. 1(8)'s coworkers; (ii) The employerEmployer"Employer" means any person, firm, corporation, partnership, business trust, legal representative, or other business entity which engages in any business, industry, profession, or activity in this state and employs one or more employees.Sec. 1(9) has conducted an impact assessment of the automated decision systemAutomated decision system"Automated decision system" means an algorithm or computational process that is used to make or assist in making decisions, judgments, or conclusions. "Automated decision system" includes algorithms and computational processes that are derived from machine learning, statistics, data processing, or artificial intelligence.Sec. 1(2) pursuant to section 7 of this act; and (iii) The employerEmployer"Employer" means any person, firm, corporation, partnership, business trust, legal representative, or other business entity which engages in any business, industry, profession, or activity in this state and employs one or more employees.Sec. 1(9) is in compliance with the notice requirements of section 3 of this act.
(3) 10 An employerEmployer"Employer" means any person, firm, corporation, partnership, business trust, legal representative, or other business entity which engages in any business, industry, profession, or activity in this state and employs one or more employees.Sec. 1(9) may not use any automated decision system outputsAutomated decision system output"Automated decision system output" means information, data, assumptions, predictions, scoring, recommendations, decisions, or conclusions generated by an automated decision system.Sec. 1(3) regarding an employeeEmployee"Employee" means an employee who is employed in the business of the employee's employer whether by way of manual labor or otherwise.Sec. 1(8)'s physical or mental health in relation to an employment-related decision.
(4) 11 Automated decision systemsAutomated decision system"Automated decision system" means an algorithm or computational process that is used to make or assist in making decisions, judgments, or conclusions. "Automated decision system" includes algorithms and computational processes that are derived from machine learning, statistics, data processing, or artificial intelligence.Sec. 1(2) used by an employerEmployer"Employer" means any person, firm, corporation, partnership, business trust, legal representative, or other business entity which engages in any business, industry, profession, or activity in this state and employs one or more employees.Sec. 1(9) may not incorporate any form of facial, gait, or emotion recognition technology.
Section 6 governs employer use of automated decision systems, imposing both categorical prohibitions on certain uses and conditions on permissible use in employment-related decisions. Employers may not use automated decision systems to make predictions unrelated to essential job functions, identify or predict exercise of legal rights, make predictions about emotions or personality, or use customer/client data as inputs. Automated decision system outputs may not be the sole basis for employment-related decisions — human oversight through supervisory observations, personnel records, and coworker consultations is required. Health-related outputs are categorically barred from employment decisions. Like electronic monitoring, automated decision systems may not incorporate facial, gait, or emotion recognition technology.
(1)(a)–(g) 12 Prior to utilizing an automated decision systemAutomated decision system"Automated decision system" means an algorithm or computational process that is used to make or assist in making decisions, judgments, or conclusions. "Automated decision system" includes algorithms and computational processes that are derived from machine learning, statistics, data processing, or artificial intelligence.Sec. 1(2), an employerEmployer"Employer" means any person, firm, corporation, partnership, business trust, legal representative, or other business entity which engages in any business, industry, profession, or activity in this state and employs one or more employees.Sec. 1(9) shall create a written impact assessment of the system that includes, at a minimum: (a) A detailed description of the automated decision systemAutomated decision system"Automated decision system" means an algorithm or computational process that is used to make or assist in making decisions, judgments, or conclusions. "Automated decision system" includes algorithms and computational processes that are derived from machine learning, statistics, data processing, or artificial intelligence.Sec. 1(2) and its purpose; (b) A description of the dataData"Data" means information obtained by any means that, directly or indirectly, identifies, relates to, describes, may reasonably be associated with, or could reasonably be linked to an employee, including: (a) Personal information; as defined in RCW 19.255.005; (b) Biometric data; (c) Health information; (d) Information related to workplace activities; (e) Human resources information and personnel files; and (f) Information related to the employee's internet and digital activities, including electronic communications, private social media activity, and personal internet protocol address.Sec. 1(5) utilized by the system; (c) A description of the outputs produced by the system and the types of employment-related decisions in which those outputs may be utilized; (d) The rationale for the use of the system, including reasons for utilizing the system to supplement nonautomated means of decision making; (e) A detailed assessment of the potential risks of utilizing the system, including the risk of: (i) Errors; (ii) Discrimination against employeesEmployee"Employee" means an employee who is employed in the business of the employee's employer whether by way of manual labor or otherwise.Sec. 1(8) on the basis of age, sex, marital status, sexual orientation, race, creed, color, national origin, citizenship or immigration status, honorably discharged veteran or military status, or the presence of any sensory, mental, or physical disability or the use of a trained dog guide or service animal by a person with a disability; (iii) Violating employeesEmployee"Employee" means an employee who is employed in the business of the employee's employer whether by way of manual labor or otherwise.Sec. 1(8)' legal rights or chilling employeesEmployee"Employee" means an employee who is employed in the business of the employee's employer whether by way of manual labor or otherwise.Sec. 1(8)' exercise of legal rights; (iv) Directly or indirectly harming employeesEmployee"Employee" means an employee who is employed in the business of the employee's employer whether by way of manual labor or otherwise.Sec. 1(8)' physical health, mental health, safety, sense of well-being, dignity, or autonomy; (v) Harm to employeeEmployee"Employee" means an employee who is employed in the business of the employee's employer whether by way of manual labor or otherwise.Sec. 1(8) privacy, including through potential security breaches or inadvertent disclosure of information; and (vi) Negative economic and material impacts to employeesEmployee"Employee" means an employee who is employed in the business of the employee's employer whether by way of manual labor or otherwise.Sec. 1(8), including potential effects on compensation, benefits, work conditions, evaluations, advancement, and work opportunities; (f) A detailed summary of measures taken by the employerEmployer"Employer" means any person, firm, corporation, partnership, business trust, legal representative, or other business entity which engages in any business, industry, profession, or activity in this state and employs one or more employees.Sec. 1(9) to address or mitigate the risks identified pursuant to (e) of this subsection; and (g) A description of any methodology used in preparing the assessment.
(2) 13 An employerEmployer"Employer" means any person, firm, corporation, partnership, business trust, legal representative, or other business entity which engages in any business, industry, profession, or activity in this state and employs one or more employees.Sec. 1(9) shall provide a copy of the assessment prepared pursuant to this section to an employeeEmployee"Employee" means an employee who is employed in the business of the employee's employer whether by way of manual labor or otherwise.Sec. 1(8) upon request.
(3) 12 An employerEmployer"Employer" means any person, firm, corporation, partnership, business trust, legal representative, or other business entity which engages in any business, industry, profession, or activity in this state and employs one or more employees.Sec. 1(9) shall update the assessment required pursuant to this section any time a significant change or update is made to the automated decision systemAutomated decision system"Automated decision system" means an algorithm or computational process that is used to make or assist in making decisions, judgments, or conclusions. "Automated decision system" includes algorithms and computational processes that are derived from machine learning, statistics, data processing, or artificial intelligence.Sec. 1(2).
Section 7 requires employers to create a written impact assessment before utilizing any automated decision system. The assessment must cover the system's description and purpose, data used, outputs produced, rationale for adoption, and a detailed risk assessment addressing errors, discrimination across protected classes, chilling effects on legal rights, physical and mental health harms, privacy risks, and negative economic impacts. The employer must also document mitigation measures and methodology. Assessments must be updated upon significant changes to the system and provided to employees on request.
The enumerated risk categories are notably comprehensive — they include risks to employee dignity, autonomy, and sense of well-being, which go beyond standard bias and privacy assessments. The employee-access right means impact assessments are effectively semi-public documents.
(1) 14 An employerEmployer"Employer" means any person, firm, corporation, partnership, business trust, legal representative, or other business entity which engages in any business, industry, profession, or activity in this state and employs one or more employees.Sec. 1(9), any person that develops, operates, or maintains electronic monitoringElectronic monitoring"Electronic monitoring" means the collection of information concerning employee activities or communication by any means other than direct, in-person observation, including through the use of a digital device, computer, telephone, wire, radio, camera, or electromagnetic, photoelectronic, or photo-optical system.Sec. 1(7) or an automated decision systemAutomated decision system"Automated decision system" means an algorithm or computational process that is used to make or assist in making decisions, judgments, or conclusions. "Automated decision system" includes algorithms and computational processes that are derived from machine learning, statistics, data processing, or artificial intelligence.Sec. 1(2) on behalf of an employerEmployer"Employer" means any person, firm, corporation, partnership, business trust, legal representative, or other business entity which engages in any business, industry, profession, or activity in this state and employs one or more employees.Sec. 1(9), and any person who collects, stores, analyzes, interprets, disseminates, or otherwise uses dataData"Data" means information obtained by any means that, directly or indirectly, identifies, relates to, describes, may reasonably be associated with, or could reasonably be linked to an employee, including: (a) Personal information; as defined in RCW 19.255.005; (b) Biometric data; (c) Health information; (d) Information related to workplace activities; (e) Human resources information and personnel files; and (f) Information related to the employee's internet and digital activities, including electronic communications, private social media activity, and personal internet protocol address.Sec. 1(5) produced or utilized by electronic monitoringElectronic monitoring"Electronic monitoring" means the collection of information concerning employee activities or communication by any means other than direct, in-person observation, including through the use of a digital device, computer, telephone, wire, radio, camera, or electromagnetic, photoelectronic, or photo-optical system.Sec. 1(7) or an automated decision systemAutomated decision system"Automated decision system" means an algorithm or computational process that is used to make or assist in making decisions, judgments, or conclusions. "Automated decision system" includes algorithms and computational processes that are derived from machine learning, statistics, data processing, or artificial intelligence.Sec. 1(2) shall implement reasonable security procedures and practices appropriate to the nature of the dataData"Data" means information obtained by any means that, directly or indirectly, identifies, relates to, describes, may reasonably be associated with, or could reasonably be linked to an employee, including: (a) Personal information; as defined in RCW 19.255.005; (b) Biometric data; (c) Health information; (d) Information related to workplace activities; (e) Human resources information and personnel files; and (f) Information related to the employee's internet and digital activities, including electronic communications, private social media activity, and personal internet protocol address.Sec. 1(5) to protect employeesEmployee"Employee" means an employee who is employed in the business of the employee's employer whether by way of manual labor or otherwise.Sec. 1(8)' personal information from unauthorized or illegal access, destruction, use, modification, or disclosure.
(2)(a)–(b) 15 Any person that develops, operates, or maintains electronic monitoringElectronic monitoring"Electronic monitoring" means the collection of information concerning employee activities or communication by any means other than direct, in-person observation, including through the use of a digital device, computer, telephone, wire, radio, camera, or electromagnetic, photoelectronic, or photo-optical system.Sec. 1(7) or an automated decision systemAutomated decision system"Automated decision system" means an algorithm or computational process that is used to make or assist in making decisions, judgments, or conclusions. "Automated decision system" includes algorithms and computational processes that are derived from machine learning, statistics, data processing, or artificial intelligence.Sec. 1(2) on behalf of an employerEmployer"Employer" means any person, firm, corporation, partnership, business trust, legal representative, or other business entity which engages in any business, industry, profession, or activity in this state and employs one or more employees.Sec. 1(9) and any person who collects, stores, analyzes, interprets, disseminates, or otherwise uses dataData"Data" means information obtained by any means that, directly or indirectly, identifies, relates to, describes, may reasonably be associated with, or could reasonably be linked to an employee, including: (a) Personal information; as defined in RCW 19.255.005; (b) Biometric data; (c) Health information; (d) Information related to workplace activities; (e) Human resources information and personnel files; and (f) Information related to the employee's internet and digital activities, including electronic communications, private social media activity, and personal internet protocol address.Sec. 1(5) produced or utilized by electronic monitoringElectronic monitoring"Electronic monitoring" means the collection of information concerning employee activities or communication by any means other than direct, in-person observation, including through the use of a digital device, computer, telephone, wire, radio, camera, or electromagnetic, photoelectronic, or photo-optical system.Sec. 1(7) or an automated decision systemAutomated decision system"Automated decision system" means an algorithm or computational process that is used to make or assist in making decisions, judgments, or conclusions. "Automated decision system" includes algorithms and computational processes that are derived from machine learning, statistics, data processing, or artificial intelligence.Sec. 1(2) on behalf of an employerEmployer"Employer" means any person, firm, corporation, partnership, business trust, legal representative, or other business entity which engages in any business, industry, profession, or activity in this state and employs one or more employees.Sec. 1(9) shall, upon termination of the contract with the employerEmployer"Employer" means any person, firm, corporation, partnership, business trust, legal representative, or other business entity which engages in any business, industry, profession, or activity in this state and employs one or more employees.Sec. 1(9): (a) Return all dataData"Data" means information obtained by any means that, directly or indirectly, identifies, relates to, describes, may reasonably be associated with, or could reasonably be linked to an employee, including: (a) Personal information; as defined in RCW 19.255.005; (b) Biometric data; (c) Health information; (d) Information related to workplace activities; (e) Human resources information and personnel files; and (f) Information related to the employee's internet and digital activities, including electronic communications, private social media activity, and personal internet protocol address.Sec. 1(5) and automated decision system outputsAutomated decision system output"Automated decision system output" means information, data, assumptions, predictions, scoring, recommendations, decisions, or conclusions generated by an automated decision system.Sec. 1(3) to the employerEmployer"Employer" means any person, firm, corporation, partnership, business trust, legal representative, or other business entity which engages in any business, industry, profession, or activity in this state and employs one or more employees.Sec. 1(9); and (b) Destroy all dataData"Data" means information obtained by any means that, directly or indirectly, identifies, relates to, describes, may reasonably be associated with, or could reasonably be linked to an employee, including: (a) Personal information; as defined in RCW 19.255.005; (b) Biometric data; (c) Health information; (d) Information related to workplace activities; (e) Human resources information and personnel files; and (f) Information related to the employee's internet and digital activities, including electronic communications, private social media activity, and personal internet protocol address.Sec. 1(5) and automated decision system outputsAutomated decision system output"Automated decision system output" means information, data, assumptions, predictions, scoring, recommendations, decisions, or conclusions generated by an automated decision system.Sec. 1(3) in the person's possession.
(3) 16 An employerEmployer"Employer" means any person, firm, corporation, partnership, business trust, legal representative, or other business entity which engages in any business, industry, profession, or activity in this state and employs one or more employees.Sec. 1(9) shall, upon request, provide an employeeEmployee"Employee" means an employee who is employed in the business of the employee's employer whether by way of manual labor or otherwise.Sec. 1(8) with any dataData"Data" means information obtained by any means that, directly or indirectly, identifies, relates to, describes, may reasonably be associated with, or could reasonably be linked to an employee, including: (a) Personal information; as defined in RCW 19.255.005; (b) Biometric data; (c) Health information; (d) Information related to workplace activities; (e) Human resources information and personnel files; and (f) Information related to the employee's internet and digital activities, including electronic communications, private social media activity, and personal internet protocol address.Sec. 1(5) that relates to the employeeEmployee"Employee" means an employee who is employed in the business of the employee's employer whether by way of manual labor or otherwise.Sec. 1(8) that was produced or utilized by electronic monitoringElectronic monitoring"Electronic monitoring" means the collection of information concerning employee activities or communication by any means other than direct, in-person observation, including through the use of a digital device, computer, telephone, wire, radio, camera, or electromagnetic, photoelectronic, or photo-optical system.Sec. 1(7) or an automated decision systemAutomated decision system"Automated decision system" means an algorithm or computational process that is used to make or assist in making decisions, judgments, or conclusions. "Automated decision system" includes algorithms and computational processes that are derived from machine learning, statistics, data processing, or artificial intelligence.Sec. 1(2) used by the employerEmployer"Employer" means any person, firm, corporation, partnership, business trust, legal representative, or other business entity which engages in any business, industry, profession, or activity in this state and employs one or more employees.Sec. 1(9).
Section 8 imposes data security, contractor data handling, and employee data access obligations. Employers, monitoring/ADS vendors, and any person handling monitoring or ADS data must implement reasonable security procedures. Upon contract termination, vendors must return all data and ADS outputs to the employer and destroy all copies in their possession. Employees have a right to access any data relating to them that was produced or utilized by electronic monitoring or an automated decision system.
17 An employerEmployer"Employer" means any person, firm, corporation, partnership, business trust, legal representative, or other business entity which engages in any business, industry, profession, or activity in this state and employs one or more employees.Sec. 1(9) may not discharge or in any other manner retaliate against an employeeEmployee"Employee" means an employee who is employed in the business of the employee's employer whether by way of manual labor or otherwise.Sec. 1(8) who exercises or attempts to exercise the employeeEmployee"Employee" means an employee who is employed in the business of the employee's employer whether by way of manual labor or otherwise.Sec. 1(8)'s rights under this chapter.
Section 9 prohibits employers from discharging or retaliating against employees who exercise or attempt to exercise their rights under this chapter. This is a standard anti-retaliation provision common in employment law, applied here to the full range of employee rights created by the bill — monitoring notice, data access, impact assessment access, and complaint filing.
(1)–(8) An employeeEmployee"Employee" means an employee who is employed in the business of the employee's employer whether by way of manual labor or otherwise.Sec. 1(8) may file a complaint with the departmentDepartment"Department" means the department of labor and industries.Sec. 1(6) alleging a violation under this chapter or applicable rules. The departmentDepartment"Department" means the department of labor and industries.Sec. 1(6) shall investigate the complaint. (b) The departmentDepartment"Department" means the department of labor and industries.Sec. 1(6) may not investigate any such alleged violation of rights that occurred more than three years before the date that the employeeEmployee"Employee" means an employee who is employed in the business of the employee's employer whether by way of manual labor or otherwise.Sec. 1(8) filed the complaint. (c) If an employeeEmployee"Employee" means an employee who is employed in the business of the employee's employer whether by way of manual labor or otherwise.Sec. 1(8) files a timely complaint with the departmentDepartment"Department" means the department of labor and industries.Sec. 1(6), the departmentDepartment"Department" means the department of labor and industries.Sec. 1(6) shall issue either a citation and notice of assessment or a determination of compliance within 90 days after the date on which the departmentDepartment"Department" means the department of labor and industries.Sec. 1(6) received the complaint, unless the complaint is otherwise resolved. The departmentDepartment"Department" means the department of labor and industries.Sec. 1(6) may extend the period by providing advance written notice to the employeeEmployee"Employee" means an employee who is employed in the business of the employee's employer whether by way of manual labor or otherwise.Sec. 1(8) and the employerEmployer"Employer" means any person, firm, corporation, partnership, business trust, legal representative, or other business entity which engages in any business, industry, profession, or activity in this state and employs one or more employees.Sec. 1(9) setting forth good cause for an extension of the period and specifying the duration of the extension. (d) The departmentDepartment"Department" means the department of labor and industries.Sec. 1(6) shall send the citation and notice of assessment or the determination of compliance to both the employerEmployer"Employer" means any person, firm, corporation, partnership, business trust, legal representative, or other business entity which engages in any business, industry, profession, or activity in this state and employs one or more employees.Sec. 1(9) and the employeeEmployee"Employee" means an employee who is employed in the business of the employee's employer whether by way of manual labor or otherwise.Sec. 1(8) by service of process or using a method by which the mailing can be tracked or the delivery can be confirmed to their last known addresses. (2) If the departmentDepartment"Department" means the department of labor and industries.Sec. 1(6)'s investigation finds that the employeeEmployee"Employee" means an employee who is employed in the business of the employee's employer whether by way of manual labor or otherwise.Sec. 1(8)'s allegation cannot be substantiated, the departmentDepartment"Department" means the department of labor and industries.Sec. 1(6) shall issue a determination of compliance to the employeeEmployee"Employee" means an employee who is employed in the business of the employee's employer whether by way of manual labor or otherwise.Sec. 1(8) and the employerEmployer"Employer" means any person, firm, corporation, partnership, business trust, legal representative, or other business entity which engages in any business, industry, profession, or activity in this state and employs one or more employees.Sec. 1(9) detailing such finding. (3) The director may initiate an investigation without an employeeEmployee"Employee" means an employee who is employed in the business of the employee's employer whether by way of manual labor or otherwise.Sec. 1(8)'s complaint to ensure compliance with this chapter. (4) Upon the departmentDepartment"Department" means the department of labor and industries.Sec. 1(6)'s request, an employerEmployer"Employer" means any person, firm, corporation, partnership, business trust, legal representative, or other business entity which engages in any business, industry, profession, or activity in this state and employs one or more employees.Sec. 1(9) shall notify affected employeesEmployee"Employee" means an employee who is employed in the business of the employee's employer whether by way of manual labor or otherwise.Sec. 1(8) in writing that the departmentDepartment"Department" means the department of labor and industries.Sec. 1(6) is conducting an investigation. The departmentDepartment"Department" means the department of labor and industries.Sec. 1(6) may require the employerEmployer"Employer" means any person, firm, corporation, partnership, business trust, legal representative, or other business entity which engages in any business, industry, profession, or activity in this state and employs one or more employees.Sec. 1(9) to include a general description of each investigation as part of the notification, including the allegations and whether the notified employeeEmployee"Employee" means an employee who is employed in the business of the employee's employer whether by way of manual labor or otherwise.Sec. 1(8) may be affected. The employerEmployer"Employer" means any person, firm, corporation, partnership, business trust, legal representative, or other business entity which engages in any business, industry, profession, or activity in this state and employs one or more employees.Sec. 1(9) may consult with the departmentDepartment"Department" means the department of labor and industries.Sec. 1(6) to provide the information for the description of the notification or investigation. (5) If the departmentDepartment"Department" means the department of labor and industries.Sec. 1(6) determines that the employerEmployer"Employer" means any person, firm, corporation, partnership, business trust, legal representative, or other business entity which engages in any business, industry, profession, or activity in this state and employs one or more employees.Sec. 1(9) has violated a requirement of this chapter or any rule adopted under this chapter, the departmentDepartment"Department" means the department of labor and industries.Sec. 1(6) may also order the employerEmployer"Employer" means any person, firm, corporation, partnership, business trust, legal representative, or other business entity which engages in any business, industry, profession, or activity in this state and employs one or more employees.Sec. 1(9) to pay the departmentDepartment"Department" means the department of labor and industries.Sec. 1(6) a civil penalty of not less than $1,000. The first violation may not exceed $1,000. The departmentDepartment"Department" means the department of labor and industries.Sec. 1(6) may, at any time, waive or reduce any civil penalty assessed against an employerEmployer"Employer" means any person, firm, corporation, partnership, business trust, legal representative, or other business entity which engages in any business, industry, profession, or activity in this state and employs one or more employees.Sec. 1(9) under this section if the departmentDepartment"Department" means the department of labor and industries.Sec. 1(6) determines that the employerEmployer"Employer" means any person, firm, corporation, partnership, business trust, legal representative, or other business entity which engages in any business, industry, profession, or activity in this state and employs one or more employees.Sec. 1(9) has taken corrective action to remedy a violation. The departmentDepartment"Department" means the department of labor and industries.Sec. 1(6) shall adopt rules creating a schedule to enhance penalties, not to exceed $10,000 per violation, based on repeat violations by the employerEmployer"Employer" means any person, firm, corporation, partnership, business trust, legal representative, or other business entity which engages in any business, industry, profession, or activity in this state and employs one or more employees.Sec. 1(9). The departmentDepartment"Department" means the department of labor and industries.Sec. 1(6) shall collect civil penalties and deposit them into the supplemental pension fund established under RCW 51.44.033. (6) Upon receiving a complaint, the departmentDepartment"Department" means the department of labor and industries.Sec. 1(6) may request or subpoena the records of the employerEmployer"Employer" means any person, firm, corporation, partnership, business trust, legal representative, or other business entity which engages in any business, industry, profession, or activity in this state and employs one or more employees.Sec. 1(9). (7) For enforcement actions under this section, if any person fails to pay an assessment under this chapter, or under any rule under this chapter, after it has become a final and unappealable order, or after the court has entered final judgment in favor of the departmentDepartment"Department" means the department of labor and industries.Sec. 1(6), the director may initiate collection procedures in accordance with the collection procedures under RCW 49.48.086. (8) In addition to any enforcement authority provided in this chapter or applicable rules, the departmentDepartment"Department" means the department of labor and industries.Sec. 1(6) may enforce any violation under this chapter or applicable rules by filing an action in the superior court for the county in which the violation is alleged to have occurred. If the departmentDepartment"Department" means the department of labor and industries.Sec. 1(6) prevails, it is entitled to reasonable attorneys' fees and costs, in the amount to be determined by the court.
Section 10 establishes the enforcement framework. Employees may file complaints with the Department of Labor and Industries, which must investigate and issue a citation or determination of compliance within 90 days. The director may also initiate investigations without a complaint. Penalties range from $1,000 (minimum, capped at $1,000 for first violations) to $10,000 per violation on an enhanced schedule for repeat offenders. The department may waive or reduce penalties upon corrective action. The department may also enforce in superior court, where it may recover attorneys' fees and costs. A three-year statute of limitations applies to employee complaints.
The departmentDepartment"Department" means the department of labor and industries.Sec. 1(6) may adopt and implement rules to carry out and enforce the provisions of this chapter.
Section 11 grants the Department of Labor and Industries authority to adopt and implement rules to carry out and enforce the chapter. This is a standard rulemaking delegation provision.
Sections 1 through 11 and 13 of this act constitute a new chapter in Title 49 RCW.
Section 12 directs that the operative sections of the act be codified as a new chapter in Title 49 RCW (Labor Regulations).
Sections 1 through 10 of this act take effect July 1, 2026.
Section 13 sets the effective date for the operative provisions at July 1, 2026.