WHAT THIS BILL REGULATES · 6 REQUIREMENT TYPES
How Is This Bill Enforced
Verbatim statutory text on the left; plain-language analysis and a per-section checklist on the right. Numbered markers cross-link to the matching checklist row.
(a) 1 A person may not make or retain the services of another to make an election-related communication that the person knows or reasonably should know includes a deepfakedeepfake"deepfake" means an image, audio recording, or video recording of an individual's appearance, conduct, or spoken words that has been created or manipulated with machine learning, natural language processing, or another computational processing technique in a manner to create a realistic but false image, audio, or video that (A) appears to a reasonable person to depict a real individual saying or doing something that did not actually occur; or (B) provides a fundamentally different understanding or impression of an individual's appearance, conduct, or spoken words than the understanding a reasonable person would have from an unaltered, original version of the media;AS 15.80.009(f)(1) relating to a candidate or propositionproposition"proposition" has the meaning given in AS 15.13.065(c);AS 15.80.009(f)(3) without including the following disclosure statement with the election-related communication: "This communication has been manipulated or generated by artificial intelligenceartificial intelligence"artificial intelligence" means generative artificial intelligence or rules-based artificial intelligence;AS 44.99.770(1) or by another means." If the election-related communication includes a print or video component, the statement must be placed in the election-related communication so the statement is easily discernible, and, for a broadcast, cable, satellite, Internet, or other digital communication, the statement must remain onscreen throughout the entirety of the election-related communication. In an election-related communication that consists only of audio, the statement must be read (1) at the beginning of the audio, at the end of the audio, and, if the audio is longer than two minutes in duration, at least once every two minutes during the audio; and (2) in a manner that is easily heard.
(b) 2 A person may not remove the disclosure statement described in (a) of this section from an election-related communication that the person knows or reasonably should know includes a deepfakedeepfake"deepfake" means an image, audio recording, or video recording of an individual's appearance, conduct, or spoken words that has been created or manipulated with machine learning, natural language processing, or another computational processing technique in a manner to create a realistic but false image, audio, or video that (A) appears to a reasonable person to depict a real individual saying or doing something that did not actually occur; or (B) provides a fundamentally different understanding or impression of an individual's appearance, conduct, or spoken words than the understanding a reasonable person would have from an unaltered, original version of the media;AS 15.80.009(f)(1).
(c)–(d) A person who violates (a) or (b) of this section is liable to a candidate or proposition groupproposition group"proposition group" means a person registered with the Alaska Public Offices Commission to make expenditures in support of or in opposition to a proposition under AS 15.13.050.AS 15.80.009(f)(4) for damages suffered as a result of the violation, full reasonable attorney fees, and costs. (d) A candidate or proposition groupproposition group"proposition group" means a person registered with the Alaska Public Offices Commission to make expenditures in support of or in opposition to a proposition under AS 15.13.050.AS 15.80.009(f)(4) suffering damages as a result of an election-related communication made in violation of (a) of this section, or the removal of the disclosure statement from an election-related communication in violation of (b) of this section, may bring an action for damages under (c) of this section, or for injunctive relief to prohibit dissemination of the election-related communication.
(e) This section does not apply to (1) a deepfakedeepfake"deepfake" means an image, audio recording, or video recording of an individual's appearance, conduct, or spoken words that has been created or manipulated with machine learning, natural language processing, or another computational processing technique in a manner to create a realistic but false image, audio, or video that (A) appears to a reasonable person to depict a real individual saying or doing something that did not actually occur; or (B) provides a fundamentally different understanding or impression of an individual's appearance, conduct, or spoken words than the understanding a reasonable person would have from an unaltered, original version of the media;AS 15.80.009(f)(1) that constitutes satire or parody; (2) a deepfakedeepfake"deepfake" means an image, audio recording, or video recording of an individual's appearance, conduct, or spoken words that has been created or manipulated with machine learning, natural language processing, or another computational processing technique in a manner to create a realistic but false image, audio, or video that (A) appears to a reasonable person to depict a real individual saying or doing something that did not actually occur; or (B) provides a fundamentally different understanding or impression of an individual's appearance, conduct, or spoken words than the understanding a reasonable person would have from an unaltered, original version of the media;AS 15.80.009(f)(1) broadcast by a radio, television, cable, or satellite provider as part of a newscast, news interview, news documentary, or on-the-spot coverage of a news event, if the broadcast clearly acknowledges, through content or disclosure, in a manner easily heard or read by the average listener or viewer, that there are questions about the authenticity of the deepfakedeepfake"deepfake" means an image, audio recording, or video recording of an individual's appearance, conduct, or spoken words that has been created or manipulated with machine learning, natural language processing, or another computational processing technique in a manner to create a realistic but false image, audio, or video that (A) appears to a reasonable person to depict a real individual saying or doing something that did not actually occur; or (B) provides a fundamentally different understanding or impression of an individual's appearance, conduct, or spoken words than the understanding a reasonable person would have from an unaltered, original version of the media;AS 15.80.009(f)(1); (3) a person who is paid to broadcast an election-related communication made by another person.
(f) In this section, (1) "deepfakedeepfake"deepfake" means an image, audio recording, or video recording of an individual's appearance, conduct, or spoken words that has been created or manipulated with machine learning, natural language processing, or another computational processing technique in a manner to create a realistic but false image, audio, or video that (A) appears to a reasonable person to depict a real individual saying or doing something that did not actually occur; or (B) provides a fundamentally different understanding or impression of an individual's appearance, conduct, or spoken words than the understanding a reasonable person would have from an unaltered, original version of the media;AS 15.80.009(f)(1)" means an image, audio recording, or video recording of an individualindividual"individual" means a natural person;AS 44.99.770(8)'s appearance, conduct, or spoken words that has been created or manipulated with machine learning, natural language processing, or another computational processing technique in a manner to create a realistic but false image, audio, or video that (A) appears to a reasonable person to depict a real individualindividual"individual" means a natural person;AS 44.99.770(8) saying or doing something that did not actually occur; or (B) provides a fundamentally different understanding or impression of an individualindividual"individual" means a natural person;AS 44.99.770(8)'s appearance, conduct, or spoken words than the understanding a reasonable person would have from an unaltered, original version of the media; (2) "election-related communication" means a communication that (A) directly or indirectly identifies a candidate or propositionproposition"proposition" has the meaning given in AS 15.13.065(c);AS 15.80.009(f)(3); and (B) is disseminated to an audience that includes voters who will have the opportunity to vote on the candidate or propositionproposition"proposition" has the meaning given in AS 15.13.065(c);AS 15.80.009(f)(3) identified in the communication; (3) "propositionproposition"proposition" has the meaning given in AS 15.13.065(c);AS 15.80.009(f)(3)" has the meaning given in AS 15.13.065(c); (4) "proposition groupproposition group"proposition group" means a person registered with the Alaska Public Offices Commission to make expenditures in support of or in opposition to a proposition under AS 15.13.050.AS 15.80.009(f)(4)" means a person registered with the Alaska Public Offices Commission to make expenditures in support of or in opposition to a propositionproposition"proposition" has the meaning given in AS 15.13.065(c);AS 15.80.009(f)(3) under AS 15.13.050.
This section creates Alaska's first election-related deepfake disclosure obligation. Any person who makes or commissions an election-related communication that the person knows or reasonably should know contains a deepfake must include a prescribed verbatim disclosure statement. The section specifies format-specific placement rules — onscreen throughout video, easily discernible in print, and repeated at defined intervals in audio-only communications. A separate prohibition bars removal of the disclosure from communications known to contain deepfakes.
Enforcement is through a private right of action available to candidates and proposition groups for actual damages, attorney fees, and injunctive relief. Exemptions cover satire and parody, news coverage that acknowledges authenticity questions, and paid broadcasters who did not create the communication.
(a) 3 Every two years, the departmentdepartment"department" means the Department of Administration;AS 44.99.770(5) shall conduct an inventory of all systems used by state agencies that employ generative artificial intelligencegenerative artificial intelligence"generative artificial intelligence" means a machine-based system designed to operate with varying levels of autonomy that may exhibit adaptiveness after deployment and that, for explicit or implicit objectives, infers how to generate outputs from input the system receives;AS 44.99.770(7) for consequential decisionsconsequential decision"consequential decision" means a conclusion, decision, or judgment by a state agency that can affect an individual's legal rights, employment, finances, health, or licensure;AS 44.99.770(4). Each state agencystate agency"state agency" means the University of Alaska, a public corporation of the state, or a department, institution, board, commission, division, authority, committee, or other administrative unit of the executive branch of state government.AS 44.99.770(12) shall assist the departmentdepartment"department" means the Department of Administration;AS 44.99.770(5) as necessary. An inventory must include, at a minimum, the following information for each system: (1) the name of the system; (2) the vendor that provides the system, if any; (3) a description of the general capabilities and uses of the system; (4) whether the state agencystate agency"state agency" means the University of Alaska, a public corporation of the state, or a department, institution, board, commission, division, authority, committee, or other administrative unit of the executive branch of state government.AS 44.99.770(12) completed an impact assessment of the system under AS 44.99.710 before the system's implementation; and (5) the date of completion of the most recent state agencystate agency"state agency" means the University of Alaska, a public corporation of the state, or a department, institution, board, commission, division, authority, committee, or other administrative unit of the executive branch of state government.AS 44.99.770(12) impact assessment of the system under AS 44.99.710.
(b) 3 The departmentdepartment"department" means the Department of Administration;AS 44.99.770(5) shall remove from the inventory a system that is no longer used by a state agencystate agency"state agency" means the University of Alaska, a public corporation of the state, or a department, institution, board, commission, division, authority, committee, or other administrative unit of the executive branch of state government.AS 44.99.770(12).
(c) 3 The departmentdepartment"department" means the Department of Administration;AS 44.99.770(5) shall publish each inventory on the departmentdepartment"department" means the Department of Administration;AS 44.99.770(5)'s Internet website, except as provided in AS 44.99.760.
This section requires the Department of Administration to conduct a biennial inventory of all systems used by state agencies that employ generative artificial intelligence for consequential decisions. Each entry must identify the system name, vendor, capabilities, whether a pre-implementation impact assessment was performed, and the date of the most recent assessment. The inventory must be published on the department's website, subject to law enforcement exemptions under AS 44.99.760.
(a) 4 At least once every two years, the head of a state agencystate agency"state agency" means the University of Alaska, a public corporation of the state, or a department, institution, board, commission, division, authority, committee, or other administrative unit of the executive branch of state government.AS 44.99.770(12) that uses a system that employs generative artificial intelligencegenerative artificial intelligence"generative artificial intelligence" means a machine-based system designed to operate with varying levels of autonomy that may exhibit adaptiveness after deployment and that, for explicit or implicit objectives, infers how to generate outputs from input the system receives;AS 44.99.770(7) for consequential decisionsconsequential decision"consequential decision" means a conclusion, decision, or judgment by a state agency that can affect an individual's legal rights, employment, finances, health, or licensure;AS 44.99.770(4) shall conduct an impact assessment of the system, except as provided in AS 44.99.760. An impact assessment must include, at a minimum, an analysis of (1) the efficacy of the system; (2) the human oversight involved in the system; (3) the accountability mechanisms in place for the system; (4) the process by which an individualindividual"individual" means a natural person;AS 44.99.770(8) may appeal a decision made or facilitated by the system; (5) the current and potential benefits, liability, and risks to the state from the system, including risks related to cybersecurity and intellectual property and any measures used to mitigate liability and risks; (6) the current and potential effects of the system on the liberty, finances, livelihood, and privacy interests of individualsindividual"individual" means a natural person;AS 44.99.770(8) in the state, including effects from any use of geolocation data by the system; (7) any unlawful discrimination against or unlawful disparate impact on an individualindividual"individual" means a natural person;AS 44.99.770(8) or a group of individualsindividual"individual" means a natural person;AS 44.99.770(8) that has resulted or may result from the system; and (8) the policies and procedures that govern the process of using the system for consequential decisionsconsequential decision"consequential decision" means a conclusion, decision, or judgment by a state agency that can affect an individual's legal rights, employment, finances, health, or licensure;AS 44.99.770(4).
(b) 4 A state agencystate agency"state agency" means the University of Alaska, a public corporation of the state, or a department, institution, board, commission, division, authority, committee, or other administrative unit of the executive branch of state government.AS 44.99.770(12) that completes an impact assessment shall provide the assessment to the departmentdepartment"department" means the Department of Administration;AS 44.99.770(5), and the head of the agency shall consult with the commissioner of administration to determine future use of the system by the agency.
This section requires the head of each state agency using a generative AI system for consequential decisions to conduct an impact assessment at least every two years. The assessment must analyze eight enumerated factors covering efficacy, human oversight, accountability, individual appeal processes, state benefits and risks (including cybersecurity and IP), effects on individual liberty and privacy, unlawful discrimination or disparate impact, and governing policies and procedures. Completed assessments must be provided to the Department of Administration, and the agency head must consult with the commissioner of administration on future use of the system.
(a)(1) 5 Except as provided in AS 44.99.760, a state agencystate agency"state agency" means the University of Alaska, a public corporation of the state, or a department, institution, board, commission, division, authority, committee, or other administrative unit of the executive branch of state government.AS 44.99.770(12) that uses a system that employs generative artificial intelligencegenerative artificial intelligence"generative artificial intelligence" means a machine-based system designed to operate with varying levels of autonomy that may exhibit adaptiveness after deployment and that, for explicit or implicit objectives, infers how to generate outputs from input the system receives;AS 44.99.770(7) for consequential decisionsconsequential decision"consequential decision" means a conclusion, decision, or judgment by a state agency that can affect an individual's legal rights, employment, finances, health, or licensure;AS 44.99.770(4) shall (1) notify each individualindividual"individual" means a natural person;AS 44.99.770(8) who may be legally or significantly affected by the use of the system;
(a)(2) 6 obtain an individualindividual"individual" means a natural person;AS 44.99.770(8)'s consent before soliciting or acquiring sensitive personal datasensitive personal data"sensitive personal data" means (A) data that reveals an individual's racial or ethnic origin, political opinions, or religious or philosophical beliefs; (B) an individual's genetic data; (C) an individual's biometric data when used for biometric identification; (D) an individual's geolocation data; (E) an individual's bank account information or financial records; or (F) an individual's social security number or other personal identifier issued to an individual by a government or institution;AS 44.99.770(10) from or about the individualindividual"individual" means a natural person;AS 44.99.770(8) that will be used by the system;
(a)(3) 7 provide an appeals process that includes manual human review for an individualindividual"individual" means a natural person;AS 44.99.770(8) who is legally or significantly affected by the use of the system;
(a)(4) 8 inform a prospective employee of the state agencystate agency"state agency" means the University of Alaska, a public corporation of the state, or a department, institution, board, commission, division, authority, committee, or other administrative unit of the executive branch of state government.AS 44.99.770(12) about any video interview that involves the use of generative artificial intelligencegenerative artificial intelligence"generative artificial intelligence" means a machine-based system designed to operate with varying levels of autonomy that may exhibit adaptiveness after deployment and that, for explicit or implicit objectives, infers how to generate outputs from input the system receives;AS 44.99.770(7) and obtain the prospective employee's consent before employing generative artificial intelligencegenerative artificial intelligence"generative artificial intelligence" means a machine-based system designed to operate with varying levels of autonomy that may exhibit adaptiveness after deployment and that, for explicit or implicit objectives, infers how to generate outputs from input the system receives;AS 44.99.770(7).
(b) 9 A state agencystate agency"state agency" means the University of Alaska, a public corporation of the state, or a department, institution, board, commission, division, authority, committee, or other administrative unit of the executive branch of state government.AS 44.99.770(12) may not use a system that employs artificial intelligenceartificial intelligence"artificial intelligence" means generative artificial intelligence or rules-based artificial intelligence;AS 44.99.770(1) for consequential decisionsconsequential decision"consequential decision" means a conclusion, decision, or judgment by a state agency that can affect an individual's legal rights, employment, finances, health, or licensure;AS 44.99.770(4) if the system involves (1) biometric identificationbiometric identification"biometric identification" means the analysis of an individual's physical or behavioral characteristics to uniquely identify the individual;AS 44.99.770(2), including facial recognition; (2) emotion recognitionemotion recognition"emotion recognition" means the analysis of an individual's bodily expressions, including facial and verbal expressions, to identify or predict the individual's emotions;AS 44.99.770(6); (3) cognitive behavioral manipulation of individualsindividual"individual" means a natural person;AS 44.99.770(8) or groups; or (4) social scoringsocial scoring"social scoring" means evaluating, classifying, rating, or scoring the trustworthiness or social standing of an individual based on behavior or socioeconomic, political, or religious status;AS 44.99.770(11).
(c) 10 A state agencystate agency"state agency" means the University of Alaska, a public corporation of the state, or a department, institution, board, commission, division, authority, committee, or other administrative unit of the executive branch of state government.AS 44.99.770(12) may not use a system that employs artificial intelligenceartificial intelligence"artificial intelligence" means generative artificial intelligence or rules-based artificial intelligence;AS 44.99.770(1) for consequential decisionsconsequential decision"consequential decision" means a conclusion, decision, or judgment by a state agency that can affect an individual's legal rights, employment, finances, health, or licensure;AS 44.99.770(4) if the system uses data hosted in a country designated by regulation as a foreign adversary.
(d) 11 A state agencystate agency"state agency" means the University of Alaska, a public corporation of the state, or a department, institution, board, commission, division, authority, committee, or other administrative unit of the executive branch of state government.AS 44.99.770(12) may contract with a person for a system that employs artificial intelligenceartificial intelligence"artificial intelligence" means generative artificial intelligence or rules-based artificial intelligence;AS 44.99.770(1) for consequential decisionsconsequential decision"consequential decision" means a conclusion, decision, or judgment by a state agency that can affect an individual's legal rights, employment, finances, health, or licensure;AS 44.99.770(4) only if the person has implemented security and privacy controls as specified by the National Institute of Standards and Technology in Special Publication 800-53, Revision 5, published in September 2020 or in regulations adopted by the departmentdepartment"department" means the Department of Administration;AS 44.99.770(5) designating a publication revising or superseding Special Publication 800-53.
This section imposes four affirmative requirements on state agencies using generative AI for consequential decisions: individual notification, consent for sensitive personal data, a human-review appeals process, and disclosure and consent for AI-assisted video interviews of prospective employees. It also categorically prohibits state agency use of AI for consequential decisions involving biometric identification, emotion recognition, cognitive behavioral manipulation, or social scoring, and bans use of AI systems that rely on data hosted in foreign adversary countries. Finally, it imposes a procurement standard requiring AI vendors to meet NIST SP 800-53 Rev. 5 security and privacy controls.
12 Except as provided in AS 44.99.760 and unless required by law, a state agencystate agency"state agency" means the University of Alaska, a public corporation of the state, or a department, institution, board, commission, division, authority, committee, or other administrative unit of the executive branch of state government.AS 44.99.770(12) may not transfer data about an individualindividual"individual" means a natural person;AS 44.99.770(8) to another state agencystate agency"state agency" means the University of Alaska, a public corporation of the state, or a department, institution, board, commission, division, authority, committee, or other administrative unit of the executive branch of state government.AS 44.99.770(12) without giving notice to the individualindividual"individual" means a natural person;AS 44.99.770(8).
This section restricts inter-agency data transfers by requiring state agencies to notify individuals before transferring their data to another state agency, unless the transfer is required by law. The provision is subject to law enforcement exemptions under AS 44.99.760.
(a) 13 The departmentdepartment"department" means the Department of Administration;AS 44.99.770(5) shall adopt regulations under AS 44.62 (Administrative Procedure Act) concerning the development, procurement, implementation, use, and ongoing assessment of systems that employ generative artificial intelligencegenerative artificial intelligence"generative artificial intelligence" means a machine-based system designed to operate with varying levels of autonomy that may exhibit adaptiveness after deployment and that, for explicit or implicit objectives, infers how to generate outputs from input the system receives;AS 44.99.770(7) by state agencies for consequential decisionsconsequential decision"consequential decision" means a conclusion, decision, or judgment by a state agency that can affect an individual's legal rights, employment, finances, health, or licensure;AS 44.99.770(4). Except as provided in AS 44.99.760, the regulations must include, at a minimum, provisions that (1) govern the procurement, implementation, and ongoing assessment of each system; (2) require a state agencystate agency"state agency" means the University of Alaska, a public corporation of the state, or a department, institution, board, commission, division, authority, committee, or other administrative unit of the executive branch of state government.AS 44.99.770(12) to conduct an impact assessment of each system under AS 44.99.710 before its implementation; (3) ensure that a system does not result in unlawful discrimination or an unlawful disparate impact on an individualindividual"individual" means a natural person;AS 44.99.770(8) or a group of individualsindividual"individual" means a natural person;AS 44.99.770(8); (4) provide for the ongoing assessment of each system; and (5) designate countries that constitute foreign adversaries, considering determinations made by the United States.
(b) The departmentdepartment"department" means the Department of Administration;AS 44.99.770(5) may adopt additional regulations under AS 44.62 (Administrative Procedure Act) necessary to implement AS 44.99.700 - 44.99.730.
This section directs the Department of Administration to adopt regulations governing the development, procurement, implementation, use, and ongoing assessment of state agency generative AI systems used for consequential decisions. The regulations must, at minimum, address procurement and implementation, require pre-implementation impact assessments, prevent unlawful discrimination, provide for ongoing assessment, and designate foreign adversary countries. The department may also adopt additional implementing regulations.
(a)–(c) An individualindividual"individual" means a natural person;AS 44.99.770(8) who suffers harm as a result of a violation of AS 44.99.700 - 44.99.730, a violation of a regulation adopted under AS 44.99.740, or gross negligence or reckless or intentional misconduct relating to the use of artificial intelligenceartificial intelligence"artificial intelligence" means generative artificial intelligence or rules-based artificial intelligence;AS 44.99.770(1) by a state agencystate agency"state agency" means the University of Alaska, a public corporation of the state, or a department, institution, board, commission, division, authority, committee, or other administrative unit of the executive branch of state government.AS 44.99.770(12) may bring a civil action in the superior court against the state agencystate agency"state agency" means the University of Alaska, a public corporation of the state, or a department, institution, board, commission, division, authority, committee, or other administrative unit of the executive branch of state government.AS 44.99.770(12). (b) An individualindividual"individual" means a natural person;AS 44.99.770(8) who suffers harm under (a) of this section may recover damages for the harm to the individualindividual"individual" means a natural person;AS 44.99.770(8), punitive damages under AS 09.17.020, and full reasonable attorney fees and costs in a civil action brought under this section. (c) Nothing in this section authorizes an individualindividual"individual" means a natural person;AS 44.99.770(8) to bring a cause of action against a person other than a state agencystate agency"state agency" means the University of Alaska, a public corporation of the state, or a department, institution, board, commission, division, authority, committee, or other administrative unit of the executive branch of state government.AS 44.99.770(12).
This section creates a private right of action for individuals harmed by violations of the state agency AI framework (AS 44.99.700–44.99.730), violations of implementing regulations, or gross negligence, reckless, or intentional misconduct relating to state agency AI use. Remedies include compensatory damages, punitive damages under AS 09.17.020, and full reasonable attorney fees and costs. The cause of action runs only against state agencies — not against private persons or vendors.
(a) AS 44.99.710, 44.99.720(a), 44.99.720(b)(1), 44.99.730, and regulations adopted under AS 44.99.740(a) do not apply to systems that the Department of Public Safety uses for investigation of criminal offenses, missing persons, or other exigent circumstances.
(b) Information collected under AS 44.99.700(a)(3) related to a system that the Department of Public Safety uses for investigation of criminal offenses, missing persons, or other exigent circumstances may not be included in the inventory published on the departmentdepartment"department" means the Department of Administration;AS 44.99.770(5)'s Internet website under AS 44.99.700(b) and is confidential and not subject to disclosure under AS 40.25.100 - 40.25.295 (Alaska Public Records Act).
This section carves out the Department of Public Safety from several obligations when it uses AI systems for investigation of criminal offenses, missing persons, or other exigent circumstances. The exemptions cover impact assessments, certain operational requirements including individual notification and the biometric identification prohibition, inter-agency data transfer notice, and regulations adopted under the rulemaking provision. Capability descriptions for exempt DPS systems are confidential and excluded from the published inventory.
In AS 44.99.700 - 44.99.770, (1) "artificial intelligenceartificial intelligence"artificial intelligence" means generative artificial intelligence or rules-based artificial intelligence;AS 44.99.770(1)" means generative artificial intelligencegenerative artificial intelligence"generative artificial intelligence" means a machine-based system designed to operate with varying levels of autonomy that may exhibit adaptiveness after deployment and that, for explicit or implicit objectives, infers how to generate outputs from input the system receives;AS 44.99.770(7) or rules-based artificial intelligencerules-based artificial intelligence"rules-based artificial intelligence" means a computational program or algorithm designed to process information in a logical way that does not produce inferential output beyond its original programming and query parameters;AS 44.99.770(9); (2) "biometric identificationbiometric identification"biometric identification" means the analysis of an individual's physical or behavioral characteristics to uniquely identify the individual;AS 44.99.770(2)" means the analysis of an individualindividual"individual" means a natural person;AS 44.99.770(8)'s physical or behavioral characteristics to uniquely identify the individualindividual"individual" means a natural person;AS 44.99.770(8); (3) "cognitive behavioral manipulationcognitive behavioral manipulation"cognitive behavioral manipulation" means the use of a subliminal technique for the purpose of influencing an individual's behavior to achieve a desired outcome;AS 44.99.770(3)" means the use of a subliminal technique for the purpose of influencing an individualindividual"individual" means a natural person;AS 44.99.770(8)'s behavior to achieve a desired outcome; (4) "consequential decisionconsequential decision"consequential decision" means a conclusion, decision, or judgment by a state agency that can affect an individual's legal rights, employment, finances, health, or licensure;AS 44.99.770(4)" means a conclusion, decision, or judgment by a state agencystate agency"state agency" means the University of Alaska, a public corporation of the state, or a department, institution, board, commission, division, authority, committee, or other administrative unit of the executive branch of state government.AS 44.99.770(12) that can affect an individualindividual"individual" means a natural person;AS 44.99.770(8)'s legal rights, employment, finances, health, or licensure; (5) "departmentdepartment"department" means the Department of Administration;AS 44.99.770(5)" means the Department of Administration; (6) "emotion recognitionemotion recognition"emotion recognition" means the analysis of an individual's bodily expressions, including facial and verbal expressions, to identify or predict the individual's emotions;AS 44.99.770(6)" means the analysis of an individualindividual"individual" means a natural person;AS 44.99.770(8)'s bodily expressions, including facial and verbal expressions, to identify or predict the individualindividual"individual" means a natural person;AS 44.99.770(8)'s emotions; (7) "generative artificial intelligencegenerative artificial intelligence"generative artificial intelligence" means a machine-based system designed to operate with varying levels of autonomy that may exhibit adaptiveness after deployment and that, for explicit or implicit objectives, infers how to generate outputs from input the system receives;AS 44.99.770(7)" means a machine-based system designed to operate with varying levels of autonomy that may exhibit adaptiveness after deployment and that, for explicit or implicit objectives, infers how to generate outputs from input the system receives; (8) "individualindividual"individual" means a natural person;AS 44.99.770(8)" means a natural person; (9) "rules-based artificial intelligencerules-based artificial intelligence"rules-based artificial intelligence" means a computational program or algorithm designed to process information in a logical way that does not produce inferential output beyond its original programming and query parameters;AS 44.99.770(9)" means a computational program or algorithm designed to process information in a logical way that does not produce inferential output beyond its original programming and query parameters; (10) "sensitive personal datasensitive personal data"sensitive personal data" means (A) data that reveals an individual's racial or ethnic origin, political opinions, or religious or philosophical beliefs; (B) an individual's genetic data; (C) an individual's biometric data when used for biometric identification; (D) an individual's geolocation data; (E) an individual's bank account information or financial records; or (F) an individual's social security number or other personal identifier issued to an individual by a government or institution;AS 44.99.770(10)" means (A) data that reveals an individualindividual"individual" means a natural person;AS 44.99.770(8)'s racial or ethnic origin, political opinions, or religious or philosophical beliefs; (B) an individualindividual"individual" means a natural person;AS 44.99.770(8)'s genetic data; (C) an individualindividual"individual" means a natural person;AS 44.99.770(8)'s biometric data when used for biometric identificationbiometric identification"biometric identification" means the analysis of an individual's physical or behavioral characteristics to uniquely identify the individual;AS 44.99.770(2); (D) an individualindividual"individual" means a natural person;AS 44.99.770(8)'s geolocation data; (E) an individualindividual"individual" means a natural person;AS 44.99.770(8)'s bank account information or financial records; or (F) an individualindividual"individual" means a natural person;AS 44.99.770(8)'s social security number or other personal identifier issued to an individualindividual"individual" means a natural person;AS 44.99.770(8) by a government or institution; (11) "social scoringsocial scoring"social scoring" means evaluating, classifying, rating, or scoring the trustworthiness or social standing of an individual based on behavior or socioeconomic, political, or religious status;AS 44.99.770(11)" means evaluating, classifying, rating, or scoring the trustworthiness or social standing of an individualindividual"individual" means a natural person;AS 44.99.770(8) based on behavior or socioeconomic, political, or religious status; (12) "state agencystate agency"state agency" means the University of Alaska, a public corporation of the state, or a department, institution, board, commission, division, authority, committee, or other administrative unit of the executive branch of state government.AS 44.99.770(12)" means the University of Alaska, a public corporation of the state, or a departmentdepartment"department" means the Department of Administration;AS 44.99.770(5), institution, board, commission, division, authority, committee, or other administrative unit of the executive branch of state government.
This section provides the definitional framework for Article 7, defining twelve terms including artificial intelligence (encompassing both generative and rules-based AI), consequential decision, sensitive personal data, and state agency. Notably, generative artificial intelligence tracks the OECD-influenced definition used in the EU AI Act, while the separate rules-based AI definition ensures traditional algorithmic systems are also covered by the prohibited-use provisions.