California · Assembly Bill · 2025–2026 Regular Session
AB489
California AB 489 — Health Care Professions: Deceptive Terms or Letters: Artificial Intelligence (Chapter 615)

Status ● Enacted Effective Jan 1, 2026 Passage Likelihood N/A

WHAT THIS BILL REGULATES · 1 REQUIREMENT TYPE

How Is This Bill Enforced

Enforcement Authority
Enforcement is vested in the appropriate health care professional licensing board or enforcement agency. The board may pursue injunctive relief or restraining orders under Business and Professions Code § 125.5. Nothing limits the board's authority to pursue any other remedy authorized under law. Violations are criminal in nature, expanding the scope of existing crimes.
Private Right of Action
No private right of action. Enforcement is exclusive to the designated authority.
Penalties
Violations are subject to criminal penalties under existing healing arts licensing laws. Each use of a prohibited term, letter, or phrase constitutes a separate violation. The appropriate licensing board may pursue injunctive relief or restraining orders. No specific civil damages schedule is created by this bill; remedies are those otherwise authorized under existing law.

What This Bill Requires

Verbatim statutory text on the left; plain-language analysis and a per-section checklist on the right. Numbered markers cross-link to the matching checklist row.

Statutory Text
Analysis & Obligations
Bus. & Prof. Code § 4999.8
Definitions

(a) "Artificial intelligenceArtificial intelligence"Artificial intelligence" or "AI" has the same meaning as set forth in Section 11546.45.5 of the Government Code.Bus. & Prof. Code § 4999.8(a)" or "AI" has the same meaning as set forth in Section 11546.45.5 of the Government Code.

(b) "Generative artificial intelligenceGenerative artificial intelligence"Generative artificial intelligence" or "GenAI" has the same meaning as set forth in Section 11549.64 of the Government Code.Bus. & Prof. Code § 4999.8(b)" or "GenAI" has the same meaning as set forth in Section 11549.64 of the Government Code.

(c) "Health care professionHealth care profession"Health care profession" means any profession that is the subject of licensure or regulation under this division or under any initiative act referred to in this division.Bus. & Prof. Code § 4999.8(c)" means any profession that is the subject of licensure or regulation under this division or under any initiative act referred to in this division.

Section 4999.8 establishes three definitions governing the chapter. Artificial intelligence and generative artificial intelligence are defined by cross-reference to existing Government Code provisions. Health care profession is defined broadly to encompass any profession licensed or regulated under Division 2 of the Business and Professions Code or any initiative act referenced therein, giving the chapter wide applicability across all healing arts disciplines.

Bus. & Prof. Code § 4999.9
Enforcement and prohibited use of professional terms by AI systems
DeployerDeveloper

(a)(1)–(3) A violation of this chapter is subject to the jurisdiction of the appropriate health care professional licensing board or enforcement agency. (2) The appropriate health care professional licensing board may pursue an injunction or restraining order to enforce the provisions of this chapter, as authorized by Section 125.5. (3) Nothing in this section limits the authority for a health care professional licensing board or enforcement agency to pursue any remedy otherwise authorized under the law.

(b) 1 Any provision of this division that prohibits the use of specified terms, letters, or phrases to indicate or imply possession of a license or certificate to practice a health care professionHealth care profession"Health care profession" means any profession that is the subject of licensure or regulation under this division or under any initiative act referred to in this division.Bus. & Prof. Code § 4999.8(c), without at that time having the appropriate license or certificate required for that practice or profession, shall be enforceable against a person or entity who develops or deploys a system or device that uses one or more of those terms, letters, or phrases in the advertising or functionality of an artificial intelligenceArtificial intelligence"Artificial intelligence" or "AI" has the same meaning as set forth in Section 11546.45.5 of the Government Code.Bus. & Prof. Code § 4999.8(a) or generative artificial intelligenceGenerative artificial intelligence"Generative artificial intelligence" or "GenAI" has the same meaning as set forth in Section 11549.64 of the Government Code.Bus. & Prof. Code § 4999.8(b) system, program, device, or similar technology.

(c) 2 The use of a term, letter, or phrase in the advertising or functionality of an AI or GenAI system, program, device, or similar technology that indicates or implies that the care, advice, reports, or assessments being offered through the AI or GenAI technology is being provided by a natural person in possession of the appropriate license or certificate to practice as a health care professional, is prohibited.

(d) Each use of a prohibited term, letter, or phrase shall constitute a separate violation of this chapter.

Section 4999.9 is the operative heart of the bill. It accomplishes two things. First, it extends existing healing arts title-protection statutes — which prohibit unlicensed natural persons from using professional terms, letters, or phrases implying licensure — to persons or entities that develop or deploy AI or GenAI systems using those same terms in their advertising or functionality. Second, it independently prohibits AI or GenAI technology from using any term, letter, or phrase that indicates or implies the care, advice, reports, or assessments it offers are being provided by a licensed human professional.

Enforcement is placed with the appropriate health care professional licensing board, which may pursue injunctive relief under Business and Professions Code § 125.5. Each use of a prohibited term constitutes a separate violation, amplifying potential exposure for systems that generate repeated outputs containing professional titles or licensure language.

Compliance actions 2 items
1
Persons or entities that develop or deploy AI or GenAI systems must not use any term, letter, or phrase in the system's advertising or functionality that indicates or implies possession of a health care license or certificate, in violation of existing healing arts title-protection statutes.
CP-01.9
2
AI or GenAI systems must not use any term, letter, or phrase in their advertising or functionality that indicates or implies that the care, advice, reports, or assessments offered through the technology are being provided by a natural person with the appropriate health care license or certificate.
CP-01.9
Section 2
No reimbursement required

No reimbursement is required by this act pursuant to Section 6 of Article XIII B of the California Constitution because the only costs that may be incurred by a local agency or school district will be incurred because this act creates a new crime or infraction, eliminates a crime or infraction, or changes the penalty for a crime or infraction, within the meaning of Section 17556 of the Government Code, or changes the definition of a crime within the meaning of Section 6 of Article XIII B of the California Constitution.

This is a standard state-mandated local program reimbursement disclaimer. Because the bill expands existing crimes, the state is not required to reimburse local agencies or school districts for any resulting costs under Article XIII B, Section 6 of the California Constitution.

Passage Likelihood

Enacted
Status Enacted

Legislative History

2025-02-10 Read first time. To print.
2025-02-11 From printer. May be heard in committee March 13.
2025-03-17 Referred to Coms. on B. & P. and P. & C.P.
2025-04-01 Coauthors revised.
2025-04-01 From committee: Do pass and re-refer to Com. on P. & C.P. (Ayes 17. Noes 0.) (April 1). Re-referred to Com. on P. & C.P.
2025-04-10 From committee chair, with author's amendments: Amend, and re-refer to Com. on P. & C.P. Read second time and amended.
2025-04-21 Re-referred to Com. on P. & C.P.
2025-04-23 From committee: Do pass and re-refer to Com. on APPR. with recommendation: To Consent Calendar. (Ayes 14. Noes 0.) (April 22). Re-referred to Com. on APPR.
2025-05-07 In committee: Set, first hearing. Referred to APPR. suspense file.
2025-05-23 From committee: Do pass. (Ayes 14. Noes 0.) (May 23).
2025-05-27 Read second time. Ordered to third reading.
2025-06-02 Read third time. Passed. Ordered to the Senate. (Ayes 79. Noes 0. Page 1832.)
2025-06-03 In Senate. Read first time. To Com. on RLS. for assignment.
2025-06-11 Referred to Coms. on B. P. & E.D. and JUD.
2025-06-16 From committee chair, with author's amendments: Amend, and re-refer to committee. Read second time, amended, and re-referred to Com. on B. P. & E.D.
2025-06-23 From committee: Do pass and re-refer to Com. on JUD. (Ayes 10. Noes 0.) (June 23). Re-referred to Com. on JUD.
2025-07-08 From committee chair, with author's amendments: Amend, and re-refer to committee. Read second time, amended, and re-referred to Com. on JUD.
2025-07-16 From committee: Do pass and re-refer to Com. on APPR. (Ayes 13. Noes 0.) (July 15). Re-referred to Com. on APPR.
2025-08-18 In committee: Referred to suspense file.
2025-08-29 From committee: Do pass. (Ayes 7. Noes 0.) (August 29).
2025-08-29 Read second time. Ordered to third reading.
2025-09-02 Ordered to special consent calendar.
2025-09-04 Read third time. Passed. Ordered to the Assembly. (Ayes 39. Noes 0. Page 2521.).
2025-09-04 In Assembly. Concurrence in Senate amendments pending.
2025-09-08 Senate amendments concurred in. To Engrossing and Enrolling. (Ayes 79. Noes 0. Page 3026.).
2025-09-15 Enrolled and presented to the Governor at 4:30 p.m.
2025-10-11 Approved by the Governor.
2025-10-11 Chaptered by Secretary of State - Chapter 615, Statutes of 2025.

Entry Last Reviewed

2026-05-16
AI generated