Iowa · House Bill · 91st General Assembly
HF2150
House File 2150 — A bill for an act relating to the use of artificial intelligence for purposes associated with elections, ballot issues, and public officials, providing penalties, and making penalties applicable.

Status ● Introduced Effective N/A Passage Likelihood L

WHAT THIS BILL REGULATES · 1 REQUIREMENT TYPE

How Is This Bill Enforced

Enforcement Authority
Iowa Ethics and Campaign Disclosure Board enforces via administrative fines. Willful violations of Code chapter 68A are a serious misdemeanor by operation of existing law. No private right of action is created.
Private Right of Action
No private right of action. Enforcement is exclusive to the designated authority.
Penalties
Board may impose administrative fines up to $5,000 on a candidate or public official for a first violation of § 68B.40, with escalating fines of up to 1.5× the previous fine for each subsequent violation. Board may impose fines up to $50,000 on a candidate's committee, political committee, or state statutory political committee for a first violation, with escalating fines of up to 2× the previous fine for each subsequent violation. Fines deposited in the state general fund. Willful violation of Code chapter 68A (covering the disclosure and endorsement provisions) is a serious misdemeanor punishable by up to one year confinement and a fine of $430–$2,560.

What This Bill Requires

Verbatim statutory text on the left; plain-language analysis and a per-section checklist on the right. Numbered markers cross-link to the matching checklist row.

Statutory Text
Analysis & Obligations
Iowa Code § 68A.405(5)
AI-generated political advocacy disclosure requirement
Publisher

(5)(a) 1 Published material generated through the use of artificial intelligenceArtificial intelligence"Artificial intelligence" means a machine-based system that can, for a given set of human-defined objectives, make predictions, recommendations, or decisions influencing real or virtual environments.Iowa Code § 68A.405(5)(b) and designed to expressly advocate the nomination, election, or defeat of a candidate for public office or the passage or defeat of a ballot issue must contain a disclosure on the published material that the published material was generated using artificial intelligenceArtificial intelligence"Artificial intelligence" means a machine-based system that can, for a given set of human-defined objectives, make predictions, recommendations, or decisions influencing real or virtual environments.Iowa Code § 68A.405(5)(b). The disclosure must include the words "this material was generated using artificial intelligenceArtificial intelligence"Artificial intelligence" means a machine-based system that can, for a given set of human-defined objectives, make predictions, recommendations, or decisions influencing real or virtual environments.Iowa Code § 68A.405(5)(b)".

(5)(b) For purposes of this subsection, "artificial intelligenceArtificial intelligence"Artificial intelligence" means a machine-based system that can, for a given set of human-defined objectives, make predictions, recommendations, or decisions influencing real or virtual environments.Iowa Code § 68A.405(5)(b)" means a machine-based system that can, for a given set of human-defined objectives, make predictions, recommendations, or decisions influencing real or virtual environments.

(5)(c) 2 The board shall adopt rules to implement this subsection.

This new subsection requires that any published material generated through the use of artificial intelligence and designed to expressly advocate the nomination, election, or defeat of a candidate for public office or the passage or defeat of a ballot issue must contain a disclosure stating "this material was generated using artificial intelligence." The provision defines artificial intelligence broadly as a machine-based system that can make predictions, recommendations, or decisions influencing real or virtual environments. The Iowa Ethics and Campaign Disclosure Board is directed to adopt rules implementing this subsection.

Compliance actions 1 item
1
Any person publishing AI-generated material designed to expressly advocate the nomination, election, or defeat of a candidate or the passage or defeat of a ballot issue must include a disclosure on the material stating this material was generated using artificial intelligenceArtificial intelligence"Artificial intelligence" means a machine-based system that can, for a given set of human-defined objectives, make predictions, recommendations, or decisions influencing real or virtual environments.Iowa Code § 68A.405(5)(b).
CP-01.6
Iowa Code § 68A.507
Prohibition on AI-generated endorsements
Publisher

3 A person shall not publish published material, as defined in section 68A.405, that includes an endorsement of a candidate or ballot measure by a representation of a person that has been generated using artificial intelligenceArtificial intelligence"Artificial intelligence" means a machine-based system that can, for a given set of human-defined objectives, make predictions, recommendations, or decisions influencing real or virtual environments.Iowa Code § 68A.405(5)(b), as defined in section 68A.405.

This new section prohibits any person from publishing published material (as defined in § 68A.405) that includes an endorsement of a candidate or ballot measure by a representation of a person that has been generated using artificial intelligence. This is a categorical prohibition — unlike § 68A.405(5), which requires disclosure, this provision bans AI-fabricated endorsements outright. Because the section is placed within Code chapter 68A, willful violations carry criminal serious-misdemeanor penalties by operation of existing law.

Compliance actions 1 item
3
No person may publish political material that includes an endorsement of a candidate or ballot measure by an AI-generated representation of a person.
CP-01.7
Iowa Code § 68B.40
Artificial intelligence limitations for candidates, committees, and public officials
Publisher

(1) For the purposes of this section: a. "Artificial intelligenceArtificial intelligence"Artificial intelligence" means a machine-based system that can, for a given set of human-defined objectives, make predictions, recommendations, or decisions influencing real or virtual environments.Iowa Code § 68A.405(5)(b)" means the same as defined in section 68A.405. b. "Political committeePolitical committee"Political committee" means the same as defined in section 68A.102.Iowa Code § 68B.40(1)(b)" means the same as defined in section 68A.102. c. "State statutory political committeeState statutory political committee"State statutory political committee" means the same as defined in section 68A.102.Iowa Code § 68B.40(1)(c)" means the same as defined in section 68A.102.

(2) 4 A candidate, candidate's committee, political committeePolitical committee"Political committee" means the same as defined in section 68A.102.Iowa Code § 68B.40(1)(b), public official, or state statutory political committeeState statutory political committee"State statutory political committee" means the same as defined in section 68A.102.Iowa Code § 68B.40(1)(c) shall not use artificial intelligenceArtificial intelligence"Artificial intelligence" means a machine-based system that can, for a given set of human-defined objectives, make predictions, recommendations, or decisions influencing real or virtual environments.Iowa Code § 68A.405(5)(b) to depict a candidate or public official engaging in behavior that the candidate or public official would be unlikely to engage in or that would likely diminish the public perception of the candidate or public official.

(3) 5 A candidate, that candidate's committee, or a public official shall not use artificial intelligenceArtificial intelligence"Artificial intelligence" means a machine-based system that can, for a given set of human-defined objectives, make predictions, recommendations, or decisions influencing real or virtual environments.Iowa Code § 68A.405(5)(b) to depict the candidate or public official in an event or situation that did not occur.

(4) 6 A public official shall not use artificial intelligenceArtificial intelligence"Artificial intelligence" means a machine-based system that can, for a given set of human-defined objectives, make predictions, recommendations, or decisions influencing real or virtual environments.Iowa Code § 68A.405(5)(b) to manipulate depictions of events of statewide or national importance that a reasonable person would conclude was intended to influence public opinion about a defined group or influence the outcome of an election or the passage or defeat of legislation.

(5) 7 A candidate, candidate's committee, political committeePolitical committee"Political committee" means the same as defined in section 68A.102.Iowa Code § 68B.40(1)(b), public official, or state statutory political committeeState statutory political committee"State statutory political committee" means the same as defined in section 68A.102.Iowa Code § 68B.40(1)(c) shall not knowingly share material generated by a third party using artificial intelligenceArtificial intelligence"Artificial intelligence" means a machine-based system that can, for a given set of human-defined objectives, make predictions, recommendations, or decisions influencing real or virtual environments.Iowa Code § 68A.405(5)(b). A candidate, candidate's committee, political committeePolitical committee"Political committee" means the same as defined in section 68A.102.Iowa Code § 68B.40(1)(b), public official, or state statutory political committeeState statutory political committee"State statutory political committee" means the same as defined in section 68A.102.Iowa Code § 68B.40(1)(c) does not violate this subsection if the candidate, candidate's committee, political committeePolitical committee"Political committee" means the same as defined in section 68A.102.Iowa Code § 68B.40(1)(b), public official, or state statutory political committeeState statutory political committee"State statutory political committee" means the same as defined in section 68A.102.Iowa Code § 68B.40(1)(c) makes a good-faith effort to remove material that the candidate, candidate's committee, political committeePolitical committee"Political committee" means the same as defined in section 68A.102.Iowa Code § 68B.40(1)(b), public official, or state statutory political committeeState statutory political committee"State statutory political committee" means the same as defined in section 68A.102.Iowa Code § 68B.40(1)(c) discovers was generated using artificial intelligenceArtificial intelligence"Artificial intelligence" means a machine-based system that can, for a given set of human-defined objectives, make predictions, recommendations, or decisions influencing real or virtual environments.Iowa Code § 68A.405(5)(b) and informs the public that the material was generated using artificial intelligenceArtificial intelligence"Artificial intelligence" means a machine-based system that can, for a given set of human-defined objectives, make predictions, recommendations, or decisions influencing real or virtual environments.Iowa Code § 68A.405(5)(b).

(6)(a)–(c) a. The board may impose a fine of up to five thousand dollars on a candidate or public official for a first violation of this section and a fine of up to one and one-half times the previous fine for each subsequent violation of this section. b. The board may impose a fine of up to fifty thousand dollars on a candidate's committee, political committeePolitical committee"Political committee" means the same as defined in section 68A.102.Iowa Code § 68B.40(1)(b), or state statutory political committeeState statutory political committee"State statutory political committee" means the same as defined in section 68A.102.Iowa Code § 68B.40(1)(c) for a first violation of this section and a fine of up to two times the previous fine for each subsequent violation of this section. c. A fine collected by the board pursuant to this subsection shall be deposited in the general fund of the state.

This new section imposes four distinct prohibitions on candidates, their committees, political committees, public officials, and state statutory political committees. Subsection 2 prohibits using AI to depict a candidate or public official engaging in behavior the person would be unlikely to engage in or that would diminish their public perception. Subsection 3 prohibits candidates and public officials from using AI to depict themselves in events that did not occur. Subsection 4 prohibits public officials from using AI to manipulate depictions of statewide or national events to influence public opinion or election outcomes. Subsection 5 prohibits knowingly sharing third-party AI-generated material, subject to a good-faith removal and public disclosure safe harbor.

Subsection 6 establishes a tiered penalty structure: the Iowa Ethics and Campaign Disclosure Board may impose fines up to $5,000 on individuals and up to $50,000 on committees for first violations, with escalating multipliers for subsequent violations. Fines are deposited in the state general fund.

Compliance actions 4 items
4
Candidates, candidates' committees, political committeesPolitical committee"Political committee" means the same as defined in section 68A.102.Iowa Code § 68B.40(1)(b), public officials, and state statutory political committeesState statutory political committee"State statutory political committee" means the same as defined in section 68A.102.Iowa Code § 68B.40(1)(c) must not use AI to depict a candidate or public official engaging in behavior that person would be unlikely to engage in or that would likely diminish that person's public perception.
CP-01.7
5
Candidates and public officials must not use AI to depict themselves in events or situations that did not occur.
CP-01.7
6
Public officials must not use AI to manipulate depictions of events of statewide or national importance in a manner a reasonable person would conclude was intended to influence public opinion about a defined group or influence the outcome of an election or legislation.
CP-01
7
Candidates, candidates' committees, political committeesPolitical committee"Political committee" means the same as defined in section 68A.102.Iowa Code § 68B.40(1)(b), public officials, and state statutory political committeesState statutory political committee"State statutory political committee" means the same as defined in section 68A.102.Iowa Code § 68B.40(1)(c) must not knowingly share material generated by a third party using AI. A safe harbor applies if the person makes a good-faith effort to remove the material upon discovery and informs the public that the material was generated using AI.
CP-01

Passage Likelihood

Low
Status Introduced
Chamber No passage
Committee No action
Majority party No
Bipartisan No
Prior session None

Legislative History

2026-01-26 Introduced, referred to Economic Growth and Technology. H.J. 149.

Entry Last Reviewed

2026-05-20
AI generated