Iowa · House Study Bill · 91st General Assembly
HSB643
House Study Bill 643 — A bill for an act relating to the use of synthetic media in campaign materials, and making penalties applicable

Status ● Failed Effective N/A Passage Likelihood N/A

WHAT THIS BILL REGULATES · 1 REQUIREMENT TYPE

How Is This Bill Enforced

Enforcement Authority
Enforced by the Iowa Ethics and Campaign Disclosure Board. By operation of existing Iowa Code chapter 68A, a person who willfully violates a provision of the bill is guilty of a serious misdemeanor. No private right of action is created.
Private Right of Action
No private right of action. Enforcement is exclusive to the designated authority.
Penalties
Willful violation is a serious misdemeanor punishable by confinement for no more than one year and a fine of at least $430 but not more than $2,560. These are criminal penalties imposed by operation of existing Iowa law. The bill preserves all other remedies under law for the publication of synthetic media.

What This Bill Requires

Verbatim statutory text on the left; plain-language analysis and a per-section checklist on the right. Numbered markers cross-link to the matching checklist row.

Statutory Text
Analysis & Obligations
Iowa Code § 68A.407
Synthetic media — disclosure
Publisher

(1)(a)–(b) 1. For purposes of this section: a. "Synthetic mediaSynthetic media"Synthetic media" means an image, audio recording, or video recording of an individual's appearance, speech, or conduct that has been intentionally manipulated with the use of any form of digital technology in a manner to create a realistic but false image, audio recording, or video recording that produces any of the following: (1) A depiction of an individual in appearance, speech, or conduct that a reasonable individual would believe depicts a real individual. (2) A materially different understanding or impression than a reasonable individual would have from the unaltered, original version of the image, audio recording, or video recording. "Synthetic media" does not include content created using digital technology solely for text generation, grammar correction, spelling checks, stylistic editing, or enhancing existing content without creating a new impersonation of a human likeness or voice.Iowa Code § 68A.407(1)" means an image, audio recording, or video recording of an individual's appearance, speech, or conduct that has been intentionally manipulated with the use of any form of digital technology in a manner to create a realistic but false image, audio recording, or video recording that produces any of the following: (1) A depiction of an individual in appearance, speech, or conduct that a reasonable individual would believe depicts a real individual. (2) A materially different understanding or impression than a reasonable individual would have from the unaltered, original version of the image, audio recording, or video recording. b. "Synthetic mediaSynthetic media"Synthetic media" means an image, audio recording, or video recording of an individual's appearance, speech, or conduct that has been intentionally manipulated with the use of any form of digital technology in a manner to create a realistic but false image, audio recording, or video recording that produces any of the following: (1) A depiction of an individual in appearance, speech, or conduct that a reasonable individual would believe depicts a real individual. (2) A materially different understanding or impression than a reasonable individual would have from the unaltered, original version of the image, audio recording, or video recording. "Synthetic media" does not include content created using digital technology solely for text generation, grammar correction, spelling checks, stylistic editing, or enhancing existing content without creating a new impersonation of a human likeness or voice.Iowa Code § 68A.407(1)" does not include content created using digital technology solely for text generation, grammar correction, spelling checks, stylistic editing, or enhancing existing content without creating a new impersonation of a human likeness or voice.

(2) 1 2. Published material, as defined in section 68A.405, that contains synthetic mediaSynthetic media"Synthetic media" means an image, audio recording, or video recording of an individual's appearance, speech, or conduct that has been intentionally manipulated with the use of any form of digital technology in a manner to create a realistic but false image, audio recording, or video recording that produces any of the following: (1) A depiction of an individual in appearance, speech, or conduct that a reasonable individual would believe depicts a real individual. (2) A materially different understanding or impression than a reasonable individual would have from the unaltered, original version of the image, audio recording, or video recording. "Synthetic media" does not include content created using digital technology solely for text generation, grammar correction, spelling checks, stylistic editing, or enhancing existing content without creating a new impersonation of a human likeness or voice.Iowa Code § 68A.407(1) must prominently include the words "THIS CONTENT GENERATED USING SYNTHETIC MEDIASynthetic media"Synthetic media" means an image, audio recording, or video recording of an individual's appearance, speech, or conduct that has been intentionally manipulated with the use of any form of digital technology in a manner to create a realistic but false image, audio recording, or video recording that produces any of the following: (1) A depiction of an individual in appearance, speech, or conduct that a reasonable individual would believe depicts a real individual. (2) A materially different understanding or impression than a reasonable individual would have from the unaltered, original version of the image, audio recording, or video recording. "Synthetic media" does not include content created using digital technology solely for text generation, grammar correction, spelling checks, stylistic editing, or enhancing existing content without creating a new impersonation of a human likeness or voice.Iowa Code § 68A.407(1)". The person who is responsible for the published material has the sole responsibility and liability for inclusion of the disclosure required by this subsection.

(3) 3. The inclusion of the disclosure required by this section does not preclude a person from pursuing any other remedies under law for the publication of synthetic mediaSynthetic media"Synthetic media" means an image, audio recording, or video recording of an individual's appearance, speech, or conduct that has been intentionally manipulated with the use of any form of digital technology in a manner to create a realistic but false image, audio recording, or video recording that produces any of the following: (1) A depiction of an individual in appearance, speech, or conduct that a reasonable individual would believe depicts a real individual. (2) A materially different understanding or impression than a reasonable individual would have from the unaltered, original version of the image, audio recording, or video recording. "Synthetic media" does not include content created using digital technology solely for text generation, grammar correction, spelling checks, stylistic editing, or enhancing existing content without creating a new impersonation of a human likeness or voice.Iowa Code § 68A.407(1).

(4) 2 4. The board shall adopt rules pursuant to chapter 17A to implement this section.

This section creates Iowa's first disclosure requirement for synthetic media used in political campaign materials. It defines synthetic media as digitally manipulated images, audio, or video that produce a realistic but false depiction of an individual or create a materially different impression from the original — but excludes text generation, grammar tools, and stylistic edits that do not impersonate a human likeness or voice.

The core operative requirement is that any published campaign material containing synthetic media must prominently display the words "THIS CONTENT GENERATED USING SYNTHETIC MEDIA." Sole responsibility and liability for including the disclosure falls on the person responsible for the published material, channeling enforcement to the publisher rather than to vendors, platforms, or AI tool providers. The section expressly preserves other legal remedies for synthetic media publication and directs the Iowa Ethics and Campaign Disclosure Board to adopt implementing rules.

Compliance actions 1 item
1
Persons responsible for published campaign materials that contain synthetic mediaSynthetic media"Synthetic media" means an image, audio recording, or video recording of an individual's appearance, speech, or conduct that has been intentionally manipulated with the use of any form of digital technology in a manner to create a realistic but false image, audio recording, or video recording that produces any of the following: (1) A depiction of an individual in appearance, speech, or conduct that a reasonable individual would believe depicts a real individual. (2) A materially different understanding or impression than a reasonable individual would have from the unaltered, original version of the image, audio recording, or video recording. "Synthetic media" does not include content created using digital technology solely for text generation, grammar correction, spelling checks, stylistic editing, or enhancing existing content without creating a new impersonation of a human likeness or voice.Iowa Code § 68A.407(1) must prominently include the disclosure THIS CONTENT GENERATED USING SYNTHETIC MEDIASynthetic media"Synthetic media" means an image, audio recording, or video recording of an individual's appearance, speech, or conduct that has been intentionally manipulated with the use of any form of digital technology in a manner to create a realistic but false image, audio recording, or video recording that produces any of the following: (1) A depiction of an individual in appearance, speech, or conduct that a reasonable individual would believe depicts a real individual. (2) A materially different understanding or impression than a reasonable individual would have from the unaltered, original version of the image, audio recording, or video recording. "Synthetic media" does not include content created using digital technology solely for text generation, grammar correction, spelling checks, stylistic editing, or enhancing existing content without creating a new impersonation of a human likeness or voice.Iowa Code § 68A.407(1) in the material.
CP-01.6

Passage Likelihood

Failed
Status Failed
Final action Committee report approving bill, renumbered as HF 2609.

Legislative History

2026-01-29 By COMMITTEE ON STATE GOVERNMENT
2026-01-29 Introduced, referred to State Government. H.J. 176.
2026-01-29 Subcommittee: Lundgren, Bossman and Cooling. H.J. 179.
2026-01-29 Subcommittee Meeting: 02/04/2026 12:00PM RM 102.
2026-02-04 Subcommittee recommends amendment and passage.
2026-02-17 Committee report, recommending passage. H.J. 326.
2026-02-17 Committee vote: Yeas, 20. Nays, 1. Excused, 2. H.J. 326.
2026-02-19 Committee report approving bill, renumbered as HF 2609.

Entry Last Reviewed

2026-05-16
AI generated