Idaho · House Bill · Sixty-seventh Legislature, Second Regular Session – 2024
HB426
Idaho House Bill 426 — Freedom From AI-Rigged (FAIR) Elections Act (Idaho Code § 67-6628A)

Status ● Enacted Effective Mar 22, 2024 Passage Likelihood N/A

WHAT THIS BILL REGULATES · 1 REQUIREMENT TYPE

How Is This Bill Enforced

Enforcement Authority
Private right of action only. A candidate whose appearance, action, or speech is altered through synthetic media in an electioneering communication may seek injunctive or equitable relief and may bring a civil action for damages against the sponsor. The plaintiff bears the burden of establishing the use of synthetic media by clear and convincing evidence. No designated agency enforcer.
Private Right of Action
Private right of action only.
Penalties
General damages, special damages, or both against the sponsor. Court may award prevailing party reasonable attorney's fees and costs. Injunctive and other equitable relief available. Statute does not limit or preclude recovery of any other available remedy.

What This Bill Requires

Verbatim statutory text on the left; plain-language analysis and a per-section checklist on the right. Numbered markers cross-link to the matching checklist row.

Statutory Text
Analysis & Obligations
Idaho Code § 67-6628A
Electioneering communications — use of synthetic media
DeployerPublisher

(1) This section shall be known and may be cited as the "Freedom From AI-Rigged (FAIR) Elections Act."

(2) For purposes of this section: (a) "Information content providerInformation content provider"Information content provider" means any person or entity that is responsible, in whole or in part, for the creation or development of information provided through the internet or any other interactive computer service.Idaho Code § 67-6628A(2)(a)" means any person or entity that is responsible, in whole or in part, for the creation or development of information provided through the internet or any other interactive computer serviceInteractive computer service"Interactive computer service" means any information service, system, or access software provider that provides or enables computer access by multiple users to a computer server, including specifically a service or system that provides access to the internet and such systems operated or services offered by libraries or educational institutions.Idaho Code § 67-6628A(2)(b). (b) "Interactive computer serviceInteractive computer service"Interactive computer service" means any information service, system, or access software provider that provides or enables computer access by multiple users to a computer server, including specifically a service or system that provides access to the internet and such systems operated or services offered by libraries or educational institutions.Idaho Code § 67-6628A(2)(b)" means any information service, system, or access software provider that provides or enables computer access by multiple users to a computer server, including specifically a service or system that provides access to the internet and such systems operated or services offered by libraries or educational institutions. (c) "Synthetic mediaSynthetic media"Synthetic media" means an image, an audio recording, or a video recording of an individual's appearance, speech, or conduct that has been intentionally manipulated with the use of generative adversarial network techniques or other digital technology in a manner to create a realistic but false image, audio, or video that produces: (i) A depiction that to a reasonable individual is of a real individual in appearance, action, or speech that did not actually occur in reality; and (ii) A fundamentally different understanding or impression of the appearance, action, or speech than a reasonable person would have from the unaltered, original version of the image, audio recording, or video recording.Idaho Code § 67-6628A(2)(c)" means an image, an audio recording, or a video recording of an individual's appearance, speech, or conduct that has been intentionally manipulated with the use of generative adversarial network techniques or other digital technology in a manner to create a realistic but false image, audio, or video that produces: (i) A depiction that to a reasonable individual is of a real individual in appearance, action, or speech that did not actually occur in reality; and (ii) A fundamentally different understanding or impression of the appearance, action, or speech than a reasonable person would have from the unaltered, original version of the image, audio recording, or video recording.

(3) 1 A candidate whose appearance, action, or speech is altered through the use of synthetic mediaSynthetic media"Synthetic media" means an image, an audio recording, or a video recording of an individual's appearance, speech, or conduct that has been intentionally manipulated with the use of generative adversarial network techniques or other digital technology in a manner to create a realistic but false image, audio, or video that produces: (i) A depiction that to a reasonable individual is of a real individual in appearance, action, or speech that did not actually occur in reality; and (ii) A fundamentally different understanding or impression of the appearance, action, or speech than a reasonable person would have from the unaltered, original version of the image, audio recording, or video recording.Idaho Code § 67-6628A(2)(c) in an electioneering communication may seek injunctive or other equitable relief prohibiting the publication of such synthetic mediaSynthetic media"Synthetic media" means an image, an audio recording, or a video recording of an individual's appearance, speech, or conduct that has been intentionally manipulated with the use of generative adversarial network techniques or other digital technology in a manner to create a realistic but false image, audio, or video that produces: (i) A depiction that to a reasonable individual is of a real individual in appearance, action, or speech that did not actually occur in reality; and (ii) A fundamentally different understanding or impression of the appearance, action, or speech than a reasonable person would have from the unaltered, original version of the image, audio recording, or video recording.Idaho Code § 67-6628A(2)(c).

(4) 1 A candidate whose appearance, action, or speech is altered through the use of synthetic mediaSynthetic media"Synthetic media" means an image, an audio recording, or a video recording of an individual's appearance, speech, or conduct that has been intentionally manipulated with the use of generative adversarial network techniques or other digital technology in a manner to create a realistic but false image, audio, or video that produces: (i) A depiction that to a reasonable individual is of a real individual in appearance, action, or speech that did not actually occur in reality; and (ii) A fundamentally different understanding or impression of the appearance, action, or speech than a reasonable person would have from the unaltered, original version of the image, audio recording, or video recording.Idaho Code § 67-6628A(2)(c) in an electioneering communication may bring an action for general damages, special damages, or both against the sponsor. The court may also award a prevailing party reasonable attorney's fees and costs. The provisions of this subsection do not limit or preclude a plaintiff from securing or recovering any other available remedy.

(5) 1 It shall be an affirmative defense for any action brought pursuant to this section that the electioneering communication containing a synthetic mediaSynthetic media"Synthetic media" means an image, an audio recording, or a video recording of an individual's appearance, speech, or conduct that has been intentionally manipulated with the use of generative adversarial network techniques or other digital technology in a manner to create a realistic but false image, audio, or video that produces: (i) A depiction that to a reasonable individual is of a real individual in appearance, action, or speech that did not actually occur in reality; and (ii) A fundamentally different understanding or impression of the appearance, action, or speech than a reasonable person would have from the unaltered, original version of the image, audio recording, or video recording.Idaho Code § 67-6628A(2)(c) includes a disclosure stating, "This (image/video/audio) has been manipulated" in the following manner: (a) For visual media, the text of the disclosure must be prominently displayed and appear in a size easily readable by the average viewer. For visual media that is a video, the disclosure must appear for the duration of the video; or (b) If the media consists of audio only, the disclosure must be read in a clearly spoken manner and in a pitch that can be easily heard by the average listener at the beginning of the audio, at the end of the audio, and, if the audio is greater than two (2) minutes in length, interspersed within the audio at intervals of not more than two (2) minutes each.

(6) In any action commenced pursuant to this section, the plaintiff bears the burden of establishing the use of synthetic mediaSynthetic media"Synthetic media" means an image, an audio recording, or a video recording of an individual's appearance, speech, or conduct that has been intentionally manipulated with the use of generative adversarial network techniques or other digital technology in a manner to create a realistic but false image, audio, or video that produces: (i) A depiction that to a reasonable individual is of a real individual in appearance, action, or speech that did not actually occur in reality; and (ii) A fundamentally different understanding or impression of the appearance, action, or speech than a reasonable person would have from the unaltered, original version of the image, audio recording, or video recording.Idaho Code § 67-6628A(2)(c) by clear and convincing evidence.

(7) Courts are encouraged to determine matters pursuant to this section expediently.

(8) 2 For an action brought pursuant to this section, the sponsor of the electioneering communication may be held liable and not the medium disseminating the electioneering communication, except as provided in subsection (9) of this section.

(9) 2 Except when a licensee, programmer, or operator of a federally licensed broadcasting station transmits an electioneering communication that is subject to 47 U.S.C. 315, a medium may be held liable in a cause of action brought pursuant to this section if: (a) The medium removes any disclosure described in subsection (5) of this section from the electioneering communication it disseminates; or (b) Subject to affirmative defenses described in this section, the medium changes the content of an electioneering communication such that it qualifies as synthetic mediaSynthetic media"Synthetic media" means an image, an audio recording, or a video recording of an individual's appearance, speech, or conduct that has been intentionally manipulated with the use of generative adversarial network techniques or other digital technology in a manner to create a realistic but false image, audio, or video that produces: (i) A depiction that to a reasonable individual is of a real individual in appearance, action, or speech that did not actually occur in reality; and (ii) A fundamentally different understanding or impression of the appearance, action, or speech than a reasonable person would have from the unaltered, original version of the image, audio recording, or video recording.Idaho Code § 67-6628A(2)(c).

(10) 2 No provider or user of an interactive computer serviceInteractive computer service"Interactive computer service" means any information service, system, or access software provider that provides or enables computer access by multiple users to a computer server, including specifically a service or system that provides access to the internet and such systems operated or services offered by libraries or educational institutions.Idaho Code § 67-6628A(2)(b) shall be treated as the publisher or speaker of any information provided by another information content providerInformation content provider"Information content provider" means any person or entity that is responsible, in whole or in part, for the creation or development of information provided through the internet or any other interactive computer service.Idaho Code § 67-6628A(2)(a). However, an interactive computer serviceInteractive computer service"Interactive computer service" means any information service, system, or access software provider that provides or enables computer access by multiple users to a computer server, including specifically a service or system that provides access to the internet and such systems operated or services offered by libraries or educational institutions.Idaho Code § 67-6628A(2)(b) may be held liable in accordance with subsection (9) of this section.

This section creates the operative framework of the FAIR Elections Act. It defines synthetic media — AI-manipulated images, audio, or video that produce a realistic but false depiction of a real individual — and establishes a private right of action for candidates depicted in such media within electioneering communications. The statute does not impose an affirmative pre-publication labeling obligation; instead, it structures relief around an affirmative defense available to defendants who include a prescribed disclosure ('This [image/video/audio] has been manipulated') in a prominent and specified format.

Liability is directed primarily at the sponsor of the electioneering communication, with limited medium-liability exceptions for platforms that strip disclosures or create synthetic media themselves. Interactive computer services receive a Section 230–style shield unless they fall within those narrow medium-liability triggers. The plaintiff must prove synthetic media use by the heightened clear and convincing evidence standard.

Compliance actions 2 items
1
Sponsors of electioneering communications must not publish synthetic mediaSynthetic media"Synthetic media" means an image, an audio recording, or a video recording of an individual's appearance, speech, or conduct that has been intentionally manipulated with the use of generative adversarial network techniques or other digital technology in a manner to create a realistic but false image, audio, or video that produces: (i) A depiction that to a reasonable individual is of a real individual in appearance, action, or speech that did not actually occur in reality; and (ii) A fundamentally different understanding or impression of the appearance, action, or speech than a reasonable person would have from the unaltered, original version of the image, audio recording, or video recording.Idaho Code § 67-6628A(2)(c) depicting a candidate's appearance, action, or speech in a manner that creates a false depiction, unless the communication includes a prominent disclosure stating 'This (image/video/audio) has been manipulated' — displayed for the duration of visual media or spoken at the beginning, end, and every two minutes for audio exceeding two minutes.
CP-01.7
2
Media disseminating electioneering communications must not remove the prescribed synthetic-media disclosure from communications they distribute, and must not alter the content of an electioneering communication such that it becomes synthetic mediaSynthetic media"Synthetic media" means an image, an audio recording, or a video recording of an individual's appearance, speech, or conduct that has been intentionally manipulated with the use of generative adversarial network techniques or other digital technology in a manner to create a realistic but false image, audio, or video that produces: (i) A depiction that to a reasonable individual is of a real individual in appearance, action, or speech that did not actually occur in reality; and (ii) A fundamentally different understanding or impression of the appearance, action, or speech than a reasonable person would have from the unaltered, original version of the image, audio recording, or video recording.Idaho Code § 67-6628A(2)(c). Interactive computer servicesInteractive computer service"Interactive computer service" means any information service, system, or access software provider that provides or enables computer access by multiple users to a computer server, including specifically a service or system that provides access to the internet and such systems operated or services offered by libraries or educational institutions.Idaho Code § 67-6628A(2)(b) are shielded from publisher liability for third-party content but may be held liable under these medium-liability provisions.
CP-01.7
Idaho HB 426, Section 2
Severability

The provisions of this act are hereby declared to be severable, and if any provision of this act or the application of such provision to any person or circumstance is declared invalid for any reason, such declaration shall not affect the validity of the remaining portions of this act.

Standard severability clause declaring the provisions of the act severable. If any provision or its application is declared invalid, the remaining provisions survive.

Idaho HB 426, Section 3
Emergency clause and effective date

An emergency existing therefor, which emergency is hereby declared to exist, this act shall be in full force and effect on and after its passage and approval.

Declares an emergency and provides that the act takes effect immediately upon passage and approval, bypassing the standard delayed effective date for Idaho legislation.

Passage Likelihood

Enacted
Status Enacted

Legislative History

2024-01-25 Introduced, read first time, referred to JRA for Printing
2024-01-26 Reported Printed; Filed for Second Reading
2024-01-29 Read second time; Filed for Third Reading
2024-01-30 U.C. to hold place on third reading calendar one legislative day
2024-01-31 U.C. to hold place on third reading calendar one legislative day
2024-02-01 U.C. to hold place on third reading calendar until Monday, February 5, 2024
2024-02-02 U.C. to hold place on third reading calendar until Monday, February 5, 2024
2024-02-05 U.C. to be returned to State Affairs Committee

Entry Last Reviewed

2026-05-16
AI generated