Massachusetts · House Bill · 194th General Court (2025–2026)
HB5094
An Act enhancing disclosure requirements for synthetic media in political advertising

Status ● Engrossed Effective N/A Passage Likelihood H

WHAT THIS BILL REGULATES · 1 REQUIREMENT TYPE

How Is This Bill Enforced

Enforcement Authority
Criminal fine enforced through existing Massachusetts election-law enforcement mechanisms. No private right of action is created. Compliance does not exempt a person from civil or criminal liability under other applicable law.
Private Right of Action
No private right of action. Enforcement is exclusive to the designated authority.
Penalties
Fine of not more than $1,000 per violation. No injunctive relief or damages are specified. The statute expressly preserves civil and criminal liability under other applicable law.

What This Bill Requires

Verbatim statutory text on the left; plain-language analysis and a per-section checklist on the right. Numbered markers cross-link to the matching checklist row.

Statutory Text
Analysis & Obligations
G.L. c. 50, § 1 (as amended by Sections 1–3)
Definitions: AI, generative AI, and synthetic media

Section 1 Section 1 of chapter 50 of the General Laws, as appearing in the 2024 Official Edition, is hereby amended by inserting after the definition of "Aldermen" the following definition:- "Artificial intelligenceArtificial intelligence"Artificial intelligence" or "AI", the capability of a computer system to perform tasks that normally require human intelligence, including, but not limited to, visual perception, speech recognition, content generation and decision-making.G.L. c. 50, § 1 (as amended by Section 1)" or "AI", the capability of a computer system to perform tasks that normally require human intelligence, including, but not limited to, visual perception, speech recognition, content generation and decision-making.

Section 2 Said section 1 of said chapter 50, as so appearing, is hereby further amended by inserting after the definition of "Federal act" the following definition:- "Generative artificial intelligenceGenerative artificial intelligence"Generative artificial intelligence", artificial intelligence technology capable of creating content, including, but not limited to, text, audio, image or video based on patterns learned from large volumes of data rather than being explicitly programmed with rules.G.L. c. 50, § 1 (as amended by Section 2)", artificial intelligenceArtificial intelligence"Artificial intelligence" or "AI", the capability of a computer system to perform tasks that normally require human intelligence, including, but not limited to, visual perception, speech recognition, content generation and decision-making.G.L. c. 50, § 1 (as amended by Section 1) technology capable of creating content, including, but not limited to, text, audio, image or video based on patterns learned from large volumes of data rather than being explicitly programmed with rules.

Section 3 Said section 1 of said chapter 50, as so appearing, is hereby further amended by inserting after the definition of "State officer" the following definition:- "Synthetic mediaSynthetic media"Synthetic media", audio or video content substantially produced by generative artificial intelligence.G.L. c. 50, § 1 (as amended by Section 3)", audio or video content substantially produced by generative artificial intelligenceGenerative artificial intelligence"Generative artificial intelligence", artificial intelligence technology capable of creating content, including, but not limited to, text, audio, image or video based on patterns learned from large volumes of data rather than being explicitly programmed with rules.G.L. c. 50, § 1 (as amended by Section 2).

Sections 1 through 3 of the bill insert three new defined terms into the Massachusetts election-law definitions chapter. Artificial intelligence is defined broadly as computer-system capability to perform tasks normally requiring human intelligence. Generative artificial intelligence is a subset — AI technology capable of creating content from learned patterns rather than explicit programming. Synthetic media is audio or video content substantially produced by generative AI, and serves as the operative trigger for the disclosure obligations in Section 4.

G.L. c. 56, § 70
Disclosure requirements for synthetic media in political communications
Publisher

(a) 1 Any audio or video communication that: (i) is paid for by a candidate campaign committee, political action committee, political issues committee, political party or a person using a contribution; (ii) is intended to influence voting for or against a candidate or ballot proposition in an election or primary; and (iii) contains synthetic mediaSynthetic media"Synthetic media", audio or video content substantially produced by generative artificial intelligence.G.L. c. 50, § 1 (as amended by Section 3) shall include: (1) at the beginning and end of the communication the words "contains content generated by AI"; and (2) throughout the duration of each portion of the communication containing synthetic mediaSynthetic media"Synthetic media", audio or video content substantially produced by generative artificial intelligence.G.L. c. 50, § 1 (as amended by Section 3) the words: (A) "This video content was generated by AI", if the communication includes only video synthetic mediaSynthetic media"Synthetic media", audio or video content substantially produced by generative artificial intelligence.G.L. c. 50, § 1 (as amended by Section 3); provided, that the words shall be in legible writing; (B) "This audio content was generated by AI", if the communication includes only audio synthetic mediaSynthetic media"Synthetic media", audio or video content substantially produced by generative artificial intelligence.G.L. c. 50, § 1 (as amended by Section 3); provided, that the words shall be in a clearly spoken manner; or (C) "This content was generated by AI", if the communication includes both video and audio synthetic mediaSynthetic media"Synthetic media", audio or video content substantially produced by generative artificial intelligence.G.L. c. 50, § 1 (as amended by Section 3); provided, that the words shall be in legible writing.

(b) 1 A violation of this section shall be punished by a fine of not more than $1,000. Compliance with this section shall not exempt a person from civil or criminal liability for a violation of other applicable law.

Section 70 is the bill's sole operative provision. It requires any paid political audio or video communication that contains synthetic media to include prescribed AI-disclosure language in two forms: a bookend statement at the beginning and end of the communication, and a continuous inline label throughout each synthetic-media segment. The inline label language varies depending on whether the synthetic media is video-only, audio-only, or combined audio-video. The obligation applies when three conditions are met: the communication is paid for by a defined political entity or person using a contribution; it is intended to influence voting; and it contains synthetic media.

Subsection (b) sets the penalty at a fine of not more than $1,000 and expressly preserves liability under other applicable law — meaning that compliance with this section does not immunize a person from separate civil or criminal liability for deceptive political advertising.

Compliance actions 1 item
1
Any person who pays for or sponsors a political audio or video communication containing synthetic mediaSynthetic media"Synthetic media", audio or video content substantially produced by generative artificial intelligence.G.L. c. 50, § 1 (as amended by Section 3) must include the words contains content generated by AI at the beginning and end of the communication and display or speak a medium-specific AI-generated label throughout each portion containing synthetic mediaSynthetic media"Synthetic media", audio or video content substantially produced by generative artificial intelligence.G.L. c. 50, § 1 (as amended by Section 3).
CP-01.6

Passage Likelihood

High
Status Engrossed
Chamber Passed origin
Committee No action
Majority party (No data)
Bipartisan No
Prior session None

Legislative History

2026-02-11 Reported from the committee on House Ways and Means
2026-02-11 Pending new draft of H846
2026-02-11 New draft of H846
2026-02-11 Ordered to a third reading
2026-02-11 Rules suspended
2026-02-11 Read third
2026-02-11 Amendment 4 adopted
2026-02-11 Passed to be engrossed - 157 YEAS to 0 NAYS (See YEA and NAY No. 122 )
2026-02-12 Read; and referred to the committee on Senate Ways and Means

Entry Last Reviewed

2026-05-20
AI generated