Laws & Statutes › MT › MT-SB-452
SB-452
MT · State · USA
MT
USA
● Pending
Proposed Effective Date
2025-10-01
Montana SB 452 — An Act Revising Laws Related to Artificial Intelligence; Requiring Disclosures of the Use of Artificial Intelligence by Manufacturers of Online Media; Requiring Artificial Intelligence Markers; Excluding Government Entities; and Providing Definitions
Requires manufacturers of publicly distributed online media in Montana that use AI to direct, control, or focus individual users' information exposure to disclose that use and offer users an opt-out. Separately requires that any publicly distributed online media generated in whole or in part by AI carry both human-perceptible and embedded machine-readable markers identifying AI involvement. Governmental entities are excluded. The bill contains no enforcement mechanism, penalties, or private right of action; it is intended to be codified as part of Title 30 (Trade and Commerce).
Legislative History
2025-02-24 introduced (S) Introduced
2025-02-24 committee referral (S) Referred to Committee (S) Energy, Technology & Federal Relations
2025-02-25 introduced (S) First Reading
Mapped Requirements
D-01 Automated Processing Rights & Data Controls T-02 AI Content Labeling & Provenance
Official Sources
Full Text ↗
Entry Last Reviewed
2026-03-28
AI generated
Summary

Requires manufacturers of publicly distributed online media in Montana that use AI to direct, control, or focus individual users' information exposure to disclose that use and offer users an opt-out. Separately requires that any publicly distributed online media generated in whole or in part by AI carry both human-perceptible and embedded machine-readable markers identifying AI involvement. Governmental entities are excluded. The bill contains no enforcement mechanism, penalties, or private right of action; it is intended to be codified as part of Title 30 (Trade and Commerce).

Enforcement & Penalties
Enforcement Authority
No enforcement mechanism, designated enforcement agency, or penalty provision is specified in the bill. The bill is intended to be codified as part of Title 30 (Trade and Commerce), and general Title 30 enforcement provisions may apply, but the bill itself does not specify an enforcer or enforcement trigger.
Penalties
The bill specifies no penalties, damages, or remedies. General Title 30 remedies may theoretically apply depending on codification placement, but the bill itself is silent on enforcement consequences.
Who Is Covered
Compliance Obligations 2 obligations · click obligation ID to open requirement page
D-01 Automated Processing Rights & Data Controls · D-01.1D-01.3 · Deployer · Social MediaContent Generation
Section 1(1)
Plain Language
Manufacturers of publicly distributed online media in Montana that use AI to personalize, curate, or filter what individual users see must disclose that they are using AI for this purpose and must give users the ability to opt out. This applies whether the AI controls information flow entirely or only in part. Governmental entities are excluded. The bill does not define 'manufacturers of publicly distributed online media,' leaving significant ambiguity about which entities are covered — this could include social media platforms, news aggregators, or content recommendation services.
Statutory Text
Manufacturers of publicly distributed online media in the state that use an artificial intelligence system to direct, control, or focus the information any one individual can see, whether entirely or in part, shall disclose the use of the system and provide a user with the option to opt out.
T-02 AI Content Labeling & Provenance · T-02.1T-02.2 · DeveloperDeployer · Content Generation
Section 1(2)
Plain Language
All publicly distributed online media generated in whole or in part by AI must carry two layers of labeling: (1) human-perceptible markers — such as watermarks, labels, disclaimers, or audio cues — that alert users the content involves AI, and (2) embedded machine-readable markers that survive deletion of the visible markers, enabling downstream detection of AI involvement. The bill does not specify who bears responsibility for applying these markers (the AI developer, the content creator, or the distributor), nor does it specify a technical standard for the embedded markers. Governmental entities are excluded from this requirement.
Statutory Text
Any publicly distributed online media generated in whole or in part by artificial intelligence must contain identifiable markers that alert users to the use of artificial intelligence, as well as embedded markers that allow identification of the use of artificial intelligence should the original identifiable markers be deleted.