New York · Senate Bill · 2025–2026 Regular Sessions
SB934
New York Senate Bill 934-A — An Act to amend the general business law, in relation to requiring notices on generative artificial intelligence systems

Status ● Failed Effective N/A Passage Likelihood N/A

WHAT THIS BILL REGULATES · 1 REQUIREMENT TYPE

How Is This Bill Enforced

Enforcement Authority
Civil penalty enforcement. The statute does not designate a specific enforcement agency. No private right of action is created. Penalties are assessed per violation, with each user not provided notice constituting a separate violation.
Private Right of Action
No private right of action. Enforcement is exclusive to the designated authority.
Penalties
Civil penalty up to $1,000 per violation. Each user not provided the required notice constitutes a separate violation for each instance. No private damages remedy, injunctive relief, or attorney fees provision specified.

What This Bill Requires

Verbatim statutory text on the left; plain-language analysis and a per-section checklist on the right. Numbered markers cross-link to the matching checklist row.

Statutory Text
Analysis & Obligations
Gen. Bus. Law § 399-zzzzzz(1)
Definitions

(1)(a)–(b) "Generative artificial intelligence systemGenerative artificial intelligence system"Generative artificial intelligence system" shall mean a class of artificial intelligence models that are self-supervised and emulate the structure and characteristics of input data to generate derived synthetic content, including, but not limited to, images, videos, audio, text and other digital content.Gen. Bus. Law § 399-zzzzzz(1)(a)" shall mean a class of artificial intelligenceArtificial intelligence"Artificial intelligence" shall mean a machine-based system that can, for a given set of human-defined objectives, make predictions, recommendations, or decisions influencing real or virtual environments, and that uses machine- and human-based inputs to perceive real and virtual environments, abstract such perceptions into models through analysis in an automated manner, and use model inference to formulate options for information or action. This definition includes but is not limited to systems that use machine learning, large language model, natural language processing, and computer vision technologies, including generative AI.Gen. Bus. Law § 399-zzzzzz(1)(b) models that are self-supervised and emulate the structure and characteristics of input data to generate derived synthetic content, including, but not limited to, images, videos, audio, text and other digital content. (b) "Artificial intelligenceArtificial intelligence"Artificial intelligence" shall mean a machine-based system that can, for a given set of human-defined objectives, make predictions, recommendations, or decisions influencing real or virtual environments, and that uses machine- and human-based inputs to perceive real and virtual environments, abstract such perceptions into models through analysis in an automated manner, and use model inference to formulate options for information or action. This definition includes but is not limited to systems that use machine learning, large language model, natural language processing, and computer vision technologies, including generative AI.Gen. Bus. Law § 399-zzzzzz(1)(b)" shall mean a machine-based system that can, for a given set of human-defined objectives, make predictions, recommendations, or decisions influencing real or virtual environments, and that uses machine- and human-based inputs to perceive real and virtual environments, abstract such perceptions into models through analysis in an automated manner, and use model inference to formulate options for information or action. This definition includes but is not limited to systems that use machine learning, large language model, natural language processing, and computer vision technologies, including generative AI.

Subdivision 1 establishes the bill's two defined terms: generative artificial intelligence system and artificial intelligence. The generative AI definition focuses on self-supervised models that generate derived synthetic content. The broader AI definition covers any machine-based system that makes predictions, recommendations, or decisions, encompassing machine learning, large language models, NLP, and computer vision.

Gen. Bus. Law § 399-zzzzzz(2)
Notice requirement for generative AI inaccuracy
DeployerDeveloper

(2) 1 The owner, licensee or operator of a generative artificial intelligence systemGenerative artificial intelligence system"Generative artificial intelligence system" shall mean a class of artificial intelligence models that are self-supervised and emulate the structure and characteristics of input data to generate derived synthetic content, including, but not limited to, images, videos, audio, text and other digital content.Gen. Bus. Law § 399-zzzzzz(1)(a) shall clearly and conspicuously display a notice on the system's user interface that the outputs of the generative artificial intelligence systemGenerative artificial intelligence system"Generative artificial intelligence system" shall mean a class of artificial intelligence models that are self-supervised and emulate the structure and characteristics of input data to generate derived synthetic content, including, but not limited to, images, videos, audio, text and other digital content.Gen. Bus. Law § 399-zzzzzz(1)(a) may be inaccurate.

Subdivision 2 imposes the bill's sole operative obligation: the owner, licensee, or operator of a generative AI system must clearly and conspicuously display a notice on the system's user interface that the system's outputs may be inaccurate. The bill does not define 'owner,' 'licensee,' or 'operator' as formal terms, instead relying on generic commercial party labels. The obligation is unconditional — it applies to every generative AI system, not only those in high-risk or consumer-facing contexts.

Compliance actions 1 item
1
The owner, licensee, or operator of a generative AI system must clearly and conspicuously display a notice on the system's user interface that the system's outputs may be inaccurate.
T-01.1
Gen. Bus. Law § 399-zzzzzz(3)
Civil penalty for failure to provide notice

(3) Where such owner, licensee or operator of a generative artificial intelligence systemGenerative artificial intelligence system"Generative artificial intelligence system" shall mean a class of artificial intelligence models that are self-supervised and emulate the structure and characteristics of input data to generate derived synthetic content, including, but not limited to, images, videos, audio, text and other digital content.Gen. Bus. Law § 399-zzzzzz(1)(a) fails to provide the notice required in subdivision two of this section, such owner, licensee or operator shall be assessed a civil penalty up to one thousand dollars for each violation. Each user the owner, licensee or operator fails to provide a notice to shall constitute a separate violation for each instance.

Subdivision 3 establishes the enforcement mechanism: a civil penalty of up to $1,000 per violation for failure to provide the required notice. Each user not provided the notice constitutes a separate violation for each instance, creating potentially substantial aggregate exposure for widely deployed systems. The provision does not designate a specific enforcement agency or create a private right of action.

Passage Likelihood

Failed
Status Failed
Final action SUBSTITUTED BY A3411B

Legislative History

2025-01-08 REFERRED TO INTERNET AND TECHNOLOGY
2025-02-10 1ST REPORT CAL.297
2025-02-11 2ND REPORT CAL.
2025-02-12 ADVANCED TO THIRD READING
2025-03-10 PASSED SENATE
2025-03-10 DELIVERED TO ASSEMBLY
2025-03-10 referred to science and technology
2025-06-09 RECALLED FROM ASSEMBLY
2025-06-09 returned to senate
2025-06-09 VOTE RECONSIDERED - RESTORED TO THIRD READING
2025-06-09 AMENDED ON THIRD READING (T) 934A
2025-06-12 REPASSED SENATE
2025-06-12 RETURNED TO ASSEMBLY
2025-06-12 referred to codes
2026-01-07 died in assembly
2026-01-07 returned to senate
2026-01-07 REFERRED TO INTERNET AND TECHNOLOGY
2026-02-25 1ST REPORT CAL.429
2026-02-26 2ND REPORT CAL.
2026-03-04 ADVANCED TO THIRD READING
2026-03-09 SUBSTITUTED BY A3411B

Entry Last Reviewed

2026-05-04
AI generated