South Carolina · House Bill · 126th Session, 2025–2026
HB5253
South Carolina H.B. 5253 — To Amend the South Carolina Code of Laws by Adding Section 59-28-195 So As to Establish Limitations and Safeguards Governing the Use of Artificial Intelligence in Public Schools, to Require Parental Notice and Consent, to Ensure Human and Teacher Oversight, to Protect Student Data, to Define Terms, and to Provide for Enforcement and Remedies

Status ● Introduced Effective N/A Passage Likelihood L

WHAT THIS BILL REGULATES · 8 REQUIREMENT TYPES

How Is This Bill Enforced

Enforcement Authority
Compliance is a condition of participation in state-funded education programs. School entities or vendors that violate the act may be subject to contractual remedies, administrative penalties, or other remedies provided by law. A parent whose rights under the act are violated may seek injunctive relief or damages in a court of competent jurisdiction.
Private Right of Action
Compliance is a condition of participation in state-funded education programs. School entities or vendors that violate the act may be subject to contractual remedies, administrative penalties, or other remedies provided by law. A parent whose rights under the act are violated may seek injunctive relief or damages in a court of competent jurisdiction.
Penalties
Parents may seek injunctive relief or damages in a court of competent jurisdiction. School entities or vendors may also be subject to contractual remedies or administrative penalties. No statutory minimum or maximum damages are specified.

What This Bill Requires

Verbatim statutory text on the left; plain-language analysis and a per-section checklist on the right. Numbered markers cross-link to the matching checklist row.

Statutory Text
Analysis & Obligations
S.C. Code § 59-28-195(A)
Definitions

(A)(1)–(5) As used in this section: (1) "Artificial intelligenceArtificial intelligence"Artificial intelligence" or "AI" means any software system that performs tasks normally requiring human intelligence, including machine learning, natural language processing, predictive analytics, or automated decision making.S.C. Code § 59-28-195(A)(1)" or "AI" means any software system that performs tasks normally requiring human intelligence, including machine learning, natural language processing, predictive analytics, or automated decision making. (2) "Generative artificial intelligenceGenerative artificial intelligence"Generative artificial intelligence" means artificial intelligence capable of producing new text, images, audio, video, or other content.S.C. Code § 59-28-195(A)(2)" means artificial intelligenceArtificial intelligence"Artificial intelligence" or "AI" means any software system that performs tasks normally requiring human intelligence, including machine learning, natural language processing, predictive analytics, or automated decision making.S.C. Code § 59-28-195(A)(1) capable of producing new text, images, audio, video, or other content. (3) "School entitySchool entity"School entity" means a public school, public charter school, school district, or other public education authority.S.C. Code § 59-28-195(A)(3)" means a public school, public charter school, school district, or other public education authority. (4) "Student dataStudent data"Student data" means any information directly related to an identifiable student, including academic records, behavioral data, biometric identifiers, or online activity.S.C. Code § 59-28-195(A)(4)" means any information directly related to an identifiable student, including academic records, behavioral data, biometric identifiers, or online activity. (5) "ParentParent"Parent" means a parent or legal guardian of a student enrolled in a school entity.S.C. Code § 59-28-195(A)(5)" means a parentParent"Parent" means a parent or legal guardian of a student enrolled in a school entity.S.C. Code § 59-28-195(A)(5) or legal guardian of a student enrolled in a school entitySchool entity"School entity" means a public school, public charter school, school district, or other public education authority.S.C. Code § 59-28-195(A)(3).

Subsection (A) defines the five key terms used throughout the bill: artificial intelligence, generative artificial intelligence, school entity, student data, and parent. The AI definition is broad, covering any software system that performs tasks normally requiring human intelligence, including machine learning, natural language processing, predictive analytics, and automated decision-making. The school entity definition encompasses all public education authorities in the state.

S.C. Code § 59-28-195(B)
Parental consent and disclosure requirements
Government

(B)(1) 1 A school entitySchool entity"School entity" means a public school, public charter school, school district, or other public education authority.S.C. Code § 59-28-195(A)(3) shall not require or permit a student to use artificial intelligenceArtificial intelligence"Artificial intelligence" or "AI" means any software system that performs tasks normally requiring human intelligence, including machine learning, natural language processing, predictive analytics, or automated decision making.S.C. Code § 59-28-195(A)(1) or generative artificial intelligenceGenerative artificial intelligence"Generative artificial intelligence" means artificial intelligence capable of producing new text, images, audio, video, or other content.S.C. Code § 59-28-195(A)(2) as part of instruction or school-sponsored activities without first obtaining written, opt-in parental consent.

(B)(2)(a)–(e) 2 Each school entitySchool entity"School entity" means a public school, public charter school, school district, or other public education authority.S.C. Code § 59-28-195(A)(3) shall provide parentsParent"Parent" means a parent or legal guardian of a student enrolled in a school entity.S.C. Code § 59-28-195(A)(5), no less than annually, with a written disclosure identifying: (a) all artificial intelligenceArtificial intelligence"Artificial intelligence" or "AI" means any software system that performs tasks normally requiring human intelligence, including machine learning, natural language processing, predictive analytics, or automated decision making.S.C. Code § 59-28-195(A)(1) tools in use; (b) the vendors providing such tools; (c) the categories of student dataStudent data"Student data" means any information directly related to an identifiable student, including academic records, behavioral data, biometric identifiers, or online activity.S.C. Code § 59-28-195(A)(4) collected; (d) the extent to which student dataStudent data"Student data" means any information directly related to an identifiable student, including academic records, behavioral data, biometric identifiers, or online activity.S.C. Code § 59-28-195(A)(4) is shared; and (e) the educational purpose for which each tool is used.

(B)(3) 3 A parentParent"Parent" means a parent or legal guardian of a student enrolled in a school entity.S.C. Code § 59-28-195(A)(5) may revoke consent of any AI-based tool, assignment, or assessment at any time.

(B)(4) 3 A student who opts-out shall not be academically penalized or denied access to core instructional content.

Subsection (B) establishes the bill's parental consent framework. School entities must obtain written, opt-in parental consent before allowing any student to use AI or generative AI in instruction or school-sponsored activities. Annual written disclosures must identify every AI tool in use, the vendor, the categories of student data collected, the extent of data sharing, and each tool's educational purpose. Consent is revocable at any time, and students who opt out may not be academically penalized or denied access to core instructional content.

Compliance actions 3 items
1
School entities must obtain written, opt-in parental consent before requiring or permitting a student to use AI or generative AI as part of instruction or school-sponsored activities.
MN-01.2
2
School entities must provide parentsParent"Parent" means a parent or legal guardian of a student enrolled in a school entity.S.C. Code § 59-28-195(A)(5) with an annual written disclosure identifying all AI tools in use, the vendors providing them, the categories of student dataStudent data"Student data" means any information directly related to an identifiable student, including academic records, behavioral data, biometric identifiers, or online activity.S.C. Code § 59-28-195(A)(4) collected, the extent of data sharing, and the educational purpose for each tool.
T-01.1
3
School entities must allow parentsParent"Parent" means a parent or legal guardian of a student enrolled in a school entity.S.C. Code § 59-28-195(A)(5) to revoke consent for any AI-based tool, assignment, or assessment at any time, and must ensure that a student who opts out is not academically penalized or denied access to core instructional content.
D-01.3
S.C. Code § 59-28-195(C)
Human oversight and prohibited AI uses
Government

(C)(1) 4 Artificial intelligenceArtificial intelligence"Artificial intelligence" or "AI" means any software system that performs tasks normally requiring human intelligence, including machine learning, natural language processing, predictive analytics, or automated decision making.S.C. Code § 59-28-195(A)(1) shall not replace a licensed teacher in providing core academic instruction or assigning final grades.

(C)(2)(a)–(c) 5 A school entitySchool entity"School entity" means a public school, public charter school, school district, or other public education authority.S.C. Code § 59-28-195(A)(3) shall not deploy artificial intelligenceArtificial intelligence"Artificial intelligence" or "AI" means any software system that performs tasks normally requiring human intelligence, including machine learning, natural language processing, predictive analytics, or automated decision making.S.C. Code § 59-28-195(A)(1) systems that: (a) profile or categorize students based on political beliefs, religious beliefs, or personal values; (b) conduct psychological, emotional, or behavioral assessments without explicit parental consent; or (c) make automated disciplinary or student placement decisions without meaningful human review.

(C)(3) 6 Any instructional content generated by artificial intelligenceArtificial intelligence"Artificial intelligence" or "AI" means any software system that performs tasks normally requiring human intelligence, including machine learning, natural language processing, predictive analytics, or automated decision making.S.C. Code § 59-28-195(A)(1) must be reviewed and approved by a licensed teacher before being provided to students.

Subsection (C) preserves human authority in three critical areas. First, AI may not replace a licensed teacher for core academic instruction or final grading — ensuring a human professional remains responsible for these functions. Second, the bill categorically prohibits school entities from deploying AI systems that profile students based on political beliefs, religious beliefs, or personal values; conduct psychological, emotional, or behavioral assessments without explicit parental consent; or make automated disciplinary or placement decisions without meaningful human review. Third, any AI-generated instructional content must be reviewed and approved by a licensed teacher before distribution to students.

Compliance actions 3 items
4
School entities must ensure that AI does not replace a licensed teacher in providing core academic instruction or assigning final grades.
H-01.6
5
School entities must not deploy AI systems that (1) profile or categorize students based on political beliefs, religious beliefs, or personal values, (2) conduct psychological, emotional, or behavioral assessments without explicit parental consent, or (3) make automated disciplinary or student placement decisions without meaningful human review.
S-02.1
6
School entities must ensure that any instructional content generated by AI is reviewed and approved by a licensed teacher before being provided to students.
H-01.6
S.C. Code § 59-28-195(D)
Student data protection
Government

(D)(1) 7 Artificial intelligenceArtificial intelligence"Artificial intelligence" or "AI" means any software system that performs tasks normally requiring human intelligence, including machine learning, natural language processing, predictive analytics, or automated decision making.S.C. Code § 59-28-195(A)(1) systems used by school entities shall collect only the minimum student dataStudent data"Student data" means any information directly related to an identifiable student, including academic records, behavioral data, biometric identifiers, or online activity.S.C. Code § 59-28-195(A)(4) necessary to achieve an approved educational purpose.

(D)(2)(a)–(c) 8 Student dataStudent data"Student data" means any information directly related to an identifiable student, including academic records, behavioral data, biometric identifiers, or online activity.S.C. Code § 59-28-195(A)(4) collected through artificial intelligenceArtificial intelligence"Artificial intelligence" or "AI" means any software system that performs tasks normally requiring human intelligence, including machine learning, natural language processing, predictive analytics, or automated decision making.S.C. Code § 59-28-195(A)(1): (a) remains the property of the student and parentParent"Parent" means a parent or legal guardian of a student enrolled in a school entity.S.C. Code § 59-28-195(A)(5); (b) may not be sold, shared, licensed, or used for commercial advertising or profiling; and (c) shall be deleted within a defined period unless retention is required by law.

(D)(3) 9 A school entitySchool entity"School entity" means a public school, public charter school, school district, or other public education authority.S.C. Code § 59-28-195(A)(3) or vendor shall not collect, store, or analyze biometric data, including facial recognition data, voiceprints, or emotional analysis, without case-specific written parental consent.

Subsection (D) imposes data governance requirements on AI systems used in schools. AI tools must collect only the minimum student data necessary for an approved educational purpose. Student data remains the property of the student and parent, may not be sold, shared, licensed, or used for commercial advertising or profiling, and must be deleted within a defined period unless retention is required by law. The subsection also specifically addresses biometric data — facial recognition, voiceprints, and emotional analysis — requiring case-specific written parental consent for any collection, storage, or analysis.

Compliance actions 3 items
7
School entities must ensure that AI systems collect only the minimum student dataStudent data"Student data" means any information directly related to an identifiable student, including academic records, behavioral data, biometric identifiers, or online activity.S.C. Code § 59-28-195(A)(4) necessary to achieve an approved educational purpose.
D-01.4
8
School entities must ensure that student dataStudent data"Student data" means any information directly related to an identifiable student, including academic records, behavioral data, biometric identifiers, or online activity.S.C. Code § 59-28-195(A)(4) collected through AI (1) remains the property of the student and parentParent"Parent" means a parent or legal guardian of a student enrolled in a school entity.S.C. Code § 59-28-195(A)(5), (2) is not sold, shared, licensed, or used for commercial advertising or profiling, and (3) is deleted within a defined period unless retention is required by law.
D-01.4
9
School entities and vendors must not collect, store, or analyze biometric data — including facial recognition data, voiceprints, or emotional analysis — without case-specific written parental consent.
D-01.8
S.C. Code § 59-28-195(E)
Generative AI use policies for coursework
Government

(E)(1)–(2) 10 School entities shall adopt policies governing student use of generative artificial intelligenceGenerative artificial intelligence"Generative artificial intelligence" means artificial intelligence capable of producing new text, images, audio, video, or other content.S.C. Code § 59-28-195(A)(2) for coursework. (2) Students may not use generative artificial intelligenceGenerative artificial intelligence"Generative artificial intelligence" means artificial intelligence capable of producing new text, images, audio, video, or other content.S.C. Code § 59-28-195(A)(2) to complete graded assignments unless expressly authorized by a teacher for a defined instructional purpose.

Subsection (E) addresses student use of generative AI for coursework. School entities must adopt governing policies, and students may not use generative AI to complete graded assignments unless a teacher expressly authorizes it for a defined instructional purpose. This provision imposes a default prohibition on student use of generative AI for graded work, with teacher-granted exceptions.

Compliance actions 1 item
10
School entities must adopt policies governing student use of generative AI for coursework and must ensure students do not use generative AI to complete graded assignments unless expressly authorized by a teacher for a defined instructional purpose.
G-01.1
S.C. Code § 59-28-195(F)
Public transparency and breach notification
Government

(F)(1) 11 Each school entitySchool entity"School entity" means a public school, public charter school, school district, or other public education authority.S.C. Code § 59-28-195(A)(3) shall maintain publicly accessible information identifying approved artificial intelligenceArtificial intelligence"Artificial intelligence" or "AI" means any software system that performs tasks normally requiring human intelligence, including machine learning, natural language processing, predictive analytics, or automated decision making.S.C. Code § 59-28-195(A)(1) tools and their intended uses.

(F)(2) 12 ParentsParent"Parent" means a parent or legal guardian of a student enrolled in a school entity.S.C. Code § 59-28-195(A)(5) shall be notified promptly of any unauthorized disclosure or breach of student dataStudent data"Student data" means any information directly related to an identifiable student, including academic records, behavioral data, biometric identifiers, or online activity.S.C. Code § 59-28-195(A)(4) involving artificial intelligenceArtificial intelligence"Artificial intelligence" or "AI" means any software system that performs tasks normally requiring human intelligence, including machine learning, natural language processing, predictive analytics, or automated decision making.S.C. Code § 59-28-195(A)(1) systems.

Subsection (F) imposes two distinct transparency obligations. First, school entities must maintain publicly accessible information identifying approved AI tools and their intended uses — functioning as a public AI inventory. Second, parents must be promptly notified of any unauthorized disclosure or breach of student data involving AI systems, creating a data breach notification duty specific to AI-related student data incidents.

Compliance actions 2 items
11
School entities must maintain publicly accessible information identifying all approved AI tools and their intended uses.
PS-01.1
12
School entities must promptly notify parents of any unauthorized disclosure or breach of student dataStudent data"Student data" means any information directly related to an identifiable student, including academic records, behavioral data, biometric identifiers, or online activity.S.C. Code § 59-28-195(A)(4) involving AI systems.
R-01.2
S.C. Code § 59-28-195(G)
Enforcement and remedies

(G)(1)–(3) Compliance with this act is a condition of participation in state-funded education programs. (2) A school entitySchool entity"School entity" means a public school, public charter school, school district, or other public education authority.S.C. Code § 59-28-195(A)(3) or vendor that violates this act may be subject to contractual remedies, administrative penalties, or other remedies provided by law. (3) A parentParent"Parent" means a parent or legal guardian of a student enrolled in a school entity.S.C. Code § 59-28-195(A)(5) whose rights under this act are violated may seek injunctive relief or damages in a court of competent jurisdiction.

Subsection (G) establishes the bill's enforcement framework. Compliance is a condition of participation in state-funded education programs, creating a funding-based enforcement mechanism. School entities or vendors that violate the act face contractual remedies, administrative penalties, or other remedies provided by law. Parents whose rights under the act are violated may seek injunctive relief or damages in a court of competent jurisdiction, establishing a private right of action.

S.C. Code § 59-28-195(H)
Savings clause

(H)(1)–(3) Nothing in this act shall be construed to: (1) require the use of artificial intelligenceArtificial intelligence"Artificial intelligence" or "AI" means any software system that performs tasks normally requiring human intelligence, including machine learning, natural language processing, predictive analytics, or automated decision making.S.C. Code § 59-28-195(A)(1) in K-12 education; (2) limit parental authority over a child's education; or (3) expand state control over curriculum or local school governance beyond existing law.

Subsection (H) is a savings clause clarifying that nothing in the act requires use of AI in K–12 education, limits parental authority over a child's education, or expands state control over curriculum or local school governance beyond existing law.

Passage Likelihood

Low
Status Introduced
Chamber No passage
Committee No action
Majority party Yes
Bipartisan No
Prior session None

Legislative History

2026-02-24 Introduced and read first time
2026-02-24 Referred to Committee on Education and Public Works

Entry Last Reviewed

2026-05-20
AI generated