Wyoming · Senate File · 2024 General Session
SF51
Wyoming SF 51 — Unlawful Dissemination of Misleading Synthetic Media

Status ● Failed Effective N/A Passage Likelihood N/A

WHAT THIS BILL REGULATES · 2 REQUIREMENT TYPES

How Is This Bill Enforced

Enforcement Authority
Attorney general and district attorneys may enforce and investigate violations and bring actions for injunctive or other relief on behalf of the state. Private right of action available to any person depicted by or misled by synthetic media disseminated in violation of the statute.
Private Right of Action
Private right of action available to any person depicted by or misled by synthetic media disseminated in violation of the statute.
Penalties
Private plaintiffs may recover equitable relief, damages, costs and reasonable attorney fees, and exemplary damages of not less than $1,000 per plaintiff. The attorney general or district attorney may obtain injunctive relief and restitution upon proof of loss. Criminal penalties apply for malicious violations or violations intended to influence elections or facilitate criminal acts: misdemeanor punishable by up to 6 months imprisonment, a fine of up to $750, or both.

What This Bill Requires

Verbatim statutory text on the left; plain-language analysis and a per-section checklist on the right. Numbered markers cross-link to the matching checklist row.

Statutory Text
Analysis & Obligations
W.S. 40-30-201
Unlawful distribution of misleading synthetic media; penalties
Publisher

(a) As used in this section: (i) "RecordRecord"Record" means as defined in W.S. 40-21-102(a)(xiii);W.S. 40-30-201(a)(i)" means as defined in W.S. 40-21-102(a)(xiii); (ii) "Synthetic mediaSynthetic media"Synthetic media" means an image, audio record or video record of a natural person's appearance, speech or conduct that has been intentionally manipulated or generated in a manner to create a realistic but false image, audio or video or other representation that to a reasonable person is of a real natural person in appearance, action or speech, which appearance, action or speech did not actually occur and which would cause a reasonable person to believe the appearance, action or speech occurred.W.S. 40-30-201(a)(ii)" means an image, audio recordRecord"Record" means as defined in W.S. 40-21-102(a)(xiii);W.S. 40-30-201(a)(i) or video record of a natural person's appearance, speech or conduct that has been intentionally manipulated or generated in a manner to create a realistic but false image, audio or video or other representation that to a reasonable person is of a real natural person in appearance, action or speech, which appearance, action or speech did not actually occur and which would cause a reasonable person to believe the appearance, action or speech occurred.

(b) 1 A person engages in unlawful dissemination of misleading synthetic mediaSynthetic media"Synthetic media" means an image, audio record or video record of a natural person's appearance, speech or conduct that has been intentionally manipulated or generated in a manner to create a realistic but false image, audio or video or other representation that to a reasonable person is of a real natural person in appearance, action or speech, which appearance, action or speech did not actually occur and which would cause a reasonable person to believe the appearance, action or speech occurred.W.S. 40-30-201(a)(ii) under this article when he knowingly and intentionally disseminates synthetic mediaSynthetic media"Synthetic media" means an image, audio record or video record of a natural person's appearance, speech or conduct that has been intentionally manipulated or generated in a manner to create a realistic but false image, audio or video or other representation that to a reasonable person is of a real natural person in appearance, action or speech, which appearance, action or speech did not actually occur and which would cause a reasonable person to believe the appearance, action or speech occurred.W.S. 40-30-201(a)(ii) knowing it to be synthetic mediaSynthetic media"Synthetic media" means an image, audio record or video record of a natural person's appearance, speech or conduct that has been intentionally manipulated or generated in a manner to create a realistic but false image, audio or video or other representation that to a reasonable person is of a real natural person in appearance, action or speech, which appearance, action or speech did not actually occur and which would cause a reasonable person to believe the appearance, action or speech occurred.W.S. 40-30-201(a)(ii): (i) Without: (A) Displaying clear and conspicuous notice in any visual synthetic mediaSynthetic media"Synthetic media" means an image, audio record or video record of a natural person's appearance, speech or conduct that has been intentionally manipulated or generated in a manner to create a realistic but false image, audio or video or other representation that to a reasonable person is of a real natural person in appearance, action or speech, which appearance, action or speech did not actually occur and which would cause a reasonable person to believe the appearance, action or speech occurred.W.S. 40-30-201(a)(ii) identifying the synthetic mediaSynthetic media"Synthetic media" means an image, audio record or video record of a natural person's appearance, speech or conduct that has been intentionally manipulated or generated in a manner to create a realistic but false image, audio or video or other representation that to a reasonable person is of a real natural person in appearance, action or speech, which appearance, action or speech did not actually occur and which would cause a reasonable person to believe the appearance, action or speech occurred.W.S. 40-30-201(a)(ii) as synthetic mediaSynthetic media"Synthetic media" means an image, audio record or video record of a natural person's appearance, speech or conduct that has been intentionally manipulated or generated in a manner to create a realistic but false image, audio or video or other representation that to a reasonable person is of a real natural person in appearance, action or speech, which appearance, action or speech did not actually occur and which would cause a reasonable person to believe the appearance, action or speech occurred.W.S. 40-30-201(a)(ii); or (B) If the synthetic mediaSynthetic media"Synthetic media" means an image, audio record or video record of a natural person's appearance, speech or conduct that has been intentionally manipulated or generated in a manner to create a realistic but false image, audio or video or other representation that to a reasonable person is of a real natural person in appearance, action or speech, which appearance, action or speech did not actually occur and which would cause a reasonable person to believe the appearance, action or speech occurred.W.S. 40-30-201(a)(ii) consists of audio only and visual disclosure is not feasible, providing a disclosure identifying the synthetic mediaSynthetic media"Synthetic media" means an image, audio record or video record of a natural person's appearance, speech or conduct that has been intentionally manipulated or generated in a manner to create a realistic but false image, audio or video or other representation that to a reasonable person is of a real natural person in appearance, action or speech, which appearance, action or speech did not actually occur and which would cause a reasonable person to believe the appearance, action or speech occurred.W.S. 40-30-201(a)(ii) as synthetic mediaSynthetic media"Synthetic media" means an image, audio record or video record of a natural person's appearance, speech or conduct that has been intentionally manipulated or generated in a manner to create a realistic but false image, audio or video or other representation that to a reasonable person is of a real natural person in appearance, action or speech, which appearance, action or speech did not actually occur and which would cause a reasonable person to believe the appearance, action or speech occurred.W.S. 40-30-201(a)(ii), which disclosure shall be read in a clearly spoken manner and in a pitch that can be easily heard by the average listener, at the beginning of the audio, at the end of the audio and, if the audio is greater than two (2) minutes in length, interspersed within the audio at intervals of not more than two (2) minutes each; and (ii) With the intent to mislead others about the appearance, actions or speech of the natural person represented in the synthetic mediaSynthetic media"Synthetic media" means an image, audio record or video record of a natural person's appearance, speech or conduct that has been intentionally manipulated or generated in a manner to create a realistic but false image, audio or video or other representation that to a reasonable person is of a real natural person in appearance, action or speech, which appearance, action or speech did not actually occur and which would cause a reasonable person to believe the appearance, action or speech occurred.W.S. 40-30-201(a)(ii).

(c) Any person who is depicted by or who is misled by synthetic mediaSynthetic media"Synthetic media" means an image, audio record or video record of a natural person's appearance, speech or conduct that has been intentionally manipulated or generated in a manner to create a realistic but false image, audio or video or other representation that to a reasonable person is of a real natural person in appearance, action or speech, which appearance, action or speech did not actually occur and which would cause a reasonable person to believe the appearance, action or speech occurred.W.S. 40-30-201(a)(ii) disseminated in violation of subsection (b) of this article may maintain a civil action to enjoin or restrain the dissemination of the synthetic mediaSynthetic media"Synthetic media" means an image, audio record or video record of a natural person's appearance, speech or conduct that has been intentionally manipulated or generated in a manner to create a realistic but false image, audio or video or other representation that to a reasonable person is of a real natural person in appearance, action or speech, which appearance, action or speech did not actually occur and which would cause a reasonable person to believe the appearance, action or speech occurred.W.S. 40-30-201(a)(ii) and may in the same action seek damages from the person who disseminated the synthetic mediaSynthetic media"Synthetic media" means an image, audio record or video record of a natural person's appearance, speech or conduct that has been intentionally manipulated or generated in a manner to create a realistic but false image, audio or video or other representation that to a reasonable person is of a real natural person in appearance, action or speech, which appearance, action or speech did not actually occur and which would cause a reasonable person to believe the appearance, action or speech occurred.W.S. 40-30-201(a)(ii). A court may award any of the following remedies to a plaintiff prevailing in an action brought pursuant to this section: (i) Equitable relief; (ii) Damages; (iii) Costs and fees, including reasonable attorney fees; (iv) Exemplary damages in an amount not less than one thousand dollars ($1,000.00) per plaintiff.

(d) The attorney general may enforce the provisions of this article and investigate violations of this article.

(e) The attorney general or any district attorney may on behalf of the state bring an action for temporary or permanent injunctive or other relief in any court of competent jurisdiction for any violation of this article. The court may, upon entry of final judgment finding a violation of this article, award restitution when appropriate to any person suffering loss because of a violation of this article if proof of the loss is submitted to the satisfaction of the court.

(f) This article shall not prohibit actions under other statutory or common law provisions against conduct or practices identical or similar to those declared to be unlawful by section (b) of this section. However, the remedies provided in this article are the exclusive remedies for actions brought pursuant to this article.

(g) 2 A person who disseminates synthetic mediaSynthetic media"Synthetic media" means an image, audio record or video record of a natural person's appearance, speech or conduct that has been intentionally manipulated or generated in a manner to create a realistic but false image, audio or video or other representation that to a reasonable person is of a real natural person in appearance, action or speech, which appearance, action or speech did not actually occur and which would cause a reasonable person to believe the appearance, action or speech occurred.W.S. 40-30-201(a)(ii) in violation of subsection (b) of this section with malicious intent, to influence the outcome of any election within the state of Wyoming or to facilitate any other criminal act is guilty of a misdemeanor punishable by imprisonment for not more than six (6) months, a fine of not more than seven hundred fifty dollars ($750.00), or both.

(h) This section shall not apply to: (i) A radio or television broadcasting station, including a cable or satellite television operator, programmer or producer, that broadcasts an election communication that includes synthetic mediaSynthetic media"Synthetic media" means an image, audio record or video record of a natural person's appearance, speech or conduct that has been intentionally manipulated or generated in a manner to create a realistic but false image, audio or video or other representation that to a reasonable person is of a real natural person in appearance, action or speech, which appearance, action or speech did not actually occur and which would cause a reasonable person to believe the appearance, action or speech occurred.W.S. 40-30-201(a)(ii) prohibited by subsection (b) of this section as part of a bona fide newscast, news interview, news documentary or on-the-spot coverage of a bona fide news event if the broadcast clearly acknowledges through content or a disclosure, in a manner that can be easily heard and understood or read by the average listener or viewer, that there are questions about the authenticity of the synthetic mediaSynthetic media"Synthetic media" means an image, audio record or video record of a natural person's appearance, speech or conduct that has been intentionally manipulated or generated in a manner to create a realistic but false image, audio or video or other representation that to a reasonable person is of a real natural person in appearance, action or speech, which appearance, action or speech did not actually occur and which would cause a reasonable person to believe the appearance, action or speech occurred.W.S. 40-30-201(a)(ii) in the election communication; (ii) Any entity who broadcasts an advertisement without censorship under 47 U.S.C. 315; (iii) An internet service provider, search engine, cloud service provider or any affiliate or subsidiary thereof that disseminates misleading synthetic mediaSynthetic media"Synthetic media" means an image, audio record or video record of a natural person's appearance, speech or conduct that has been intentionally manipulated or generated in a manner to create a realistic but false image, audio or video or other representation that to a reasonable person is of a real natural person in appearance, action or speech, which appearance, action or speech did not actually occur and which would cause a reasonable person to believe the appearance, action or speech occurred.W.S. 40-30-201(a)(ii) solely as a result of providing access or connection to information or content on the internet or other electronic sources that are not under the provider or engine's control, to the extent that the provider or engine is not responsible for the creation of the misleading synthetic mediaSynthetic media"Synthetic media" means an image, audio record or video record of a natural person's appearance, speech or conduct that has been intentionally manipulated or generated in a manner to create a realistic but false image, audio or video or other representation that to a reasonable person is of a real natural person in appearance, action or speech, which appearance, action or speech did not actually occur and which would cause a reasonable person to believe the appearance, action or speech occurred.W.S. 40-30-201(a)(ii) on which an alleged violation of this section is based.

(j) Dissemination of any synthetic mediaSynthetic media"Synthetic media" means an image, audio record or video record of a natural person's appearance, speech or conduct that has been intentionally manipulated or generated in a manner to create a realistic but false image, audio or video or other representation that to a reasonable person is of a real natural person in appearance, action or speech, which appearance, action or speech did not actually occur and which would cause a reasonable person to believe the appearance, action or speech occurred.W.S. 40-30-201(a)(ii) protected under the first amendment to the United States constitution or article 1, section 20 of the Wyoming constitution shall not be deemed to violate this section.

This section creates Wyoming's synthetic media disclosure and prohibition regime. The core prohibition targets any person who knowingly and intentionally disseminates synthetic media — realistic AI-generated or manipulated depictions of real persons — without proper disclosure labeling and with intent to mislead. The disclosure requirements are format-specific: visual synthetic media must carry a clear and conspicuous on-screen notice, while audio-only synthetic media must include spoken disclosures at the beginning, end, and at two-minute intervals.

The section establishes both civil and criminal enforcement. Any person depicted in or misled by violative synthetic media may bring a private civil action for equitable relief, compensatory damages, attorney fees, and exemplary damages of at least $1,000 per plaintiff. The attorney general and district attorneys may also bring enforcement actions. Criminal misdemeanor penalties — up to six months' imprisonment and a $750 fine — attach when the dissemination is done with malicious intent, to influence a Wyoming election, or to facilitate another crime. Exemptions protect bona fide news broadcasters who acknowledge authenticity questions, entities broadcasting under the federal equal-time rule, and passive internet infrastructure providers. First Amendment-protected speech is expressly excluded from the statute's reach.

Compliance actions 2 items
1
Persons who disseminate synthetic mediaSynthetic media"Synthetic media" means an image, audio record or video record of a natural person's appearance, speech or conduct that has been intentionally manipulated or generated in a manner to create a realistic but false image, audio or video or other representation that to a reasonable person is of a real natural person in appearance, action or speech, which appearance, action or speech did not actually occur and which would cause a reasonable person to believe the appearance, action or speech occurred.W.S. 40-30-201(a)(ii) must label it with a clear and conspicuous disclosure identifying the content as synthetic mediaSynthetic media"Synthetic media" means an image, audio record or video record of a natural person's appearance, speech or conduct that has been intentionally manipulated or generated in a manner to create a realistic but false image, audio or video or other representation that to a reasonable person is of a real natural person in appearance, action or speech, which appearance, action or speech did not actually occur and which would cause a reasonable person to believe the appearance, action or speech occurred.W.S. 40-30-201(a)(ii) — visual notice for visual media, or spoken disclosure at the beginning, end, and every two minutes for audio-only media — or face civil and criminal liability when dissemination is done with intent to mislead.
T-02.1
2
Persons must not disseminate misleading synthetic mediaSynthetic media"Synthetic media" means an image, audio record or video record of a natural person's appearance, speech or conduct that has been intentionally manipulated or generated in a manner to create a realistic but false image, audio or video or other representation that to a reasonable person is of a real natural person in appearance, action or speech, which appearance, action or speech did not actually occur and which would cause a reasonable person to believe the appearance, action or speech occurred.W.S. 40-30-201(a)(ii) with malicious intent, to influence the outcome of any Wyoming election, or to facilitate any other criminal act; violations constitute a misdemeanor punishable by up to six months' imprisonment, a $750 fine, or both.
CP-01.7
Section 2
Effective date

This act is effective July 1, 2024.

This section establishes the effective date of the act as July 1, 2024.

Passage Likelihood

Failed
Status Failed
Final action H:Died in Committee Returned Bill Pursuant to HR 5-4

Legislative History

2024-01-16 Bill Number Assigned
2024-01-24 Received for Introduction
2024-02-12 Introduced and Referred to S09 - Minerals 28-3-0-0-0
2024-02-22 S09 - Minerals:Recommend Amend and Do Pass 5-0-0-0-0
2024-02-22 Placed on General File
2024-02-23 COW:Passed
2024-02-26 2nd Reading:Passed
2024-02-27 3rd Reading:Failed 11-20-0-0-0
2024-02-27 3rd Reading:S Bill Reconsideration Motion Passed by Roll Call 17-7-7-0-0
2024-02-27 3rd Reading:Passed 17-7-7-0-0
2024-02-28 Received for Introduction
2024-02-28 Introduced and Referred to H07 - Corporations
2024-03-05 No report prior to CoW Cutoff
2024-03-05 H:Died in Committee Returned Bill Pursuant to HR 5-4

Entry Last Reviewed

2026-05-16
AI generated