WHAT THIS BILL REGULATES · 4 REQUIREMENT TYPES
How Is This Bill Enforced
Verbatim statutory text on the left; plain-language analysis and a per-section checklist on the right. Numbered markers cross-link to the matching checklist row.
(1)(a)–(f) 1. Definitions. For the purposes of this section, the following terms shall have the following meanings: (a) "Networked camera deviceNetworked camera device"Networked camera device" means any internet-connected device sold to consumers that captures video or still images of persons or property, including but not limited to video doorbells, security cameras, and similar devices.Gen. Bus. Law § 390-f(1)(a)" means any internet-connected device sold to consumers that captures video or still images of persons or property, including but not limited to video doorbells, security cameras, and similar devices. (b) "Coordinated surveillance featureCoordinated surveillance feature"Coordinated surveillance feature" means any function of a networked camera device that transmits, shares, pools, or makes video footage or derivative data accessible to persons other than the owner of such networked camera device, including but not limited to networked search functions, crowdsourced tracking systems, biometric analysis, and community alert features.Gen. Bus. Law § 390-f(1)(b)" means any function of a networked camera deviceNetworked camera device"Networked camera device" means any internet-connected device sold to consumers that captures video or still images of persons or property, including but not limited to video doorbells, security cameras, and similar devices.Gen. Bus. Law § 390-f(1)(a) that transmits, shares, pools, or makes video footage or derivative data accessible to persons other than the owner of such networked camera deviceNetworked camera device"Networked camera device" means any internet-connected device sold to consumers that captures video or still images of persons or property, including but not limited to video doorbells, security cameras, and similar devices.Gen. Bus. Law § 390-f(1)(a), including but not limited to networked search functions, crowdsourced tracking systems, biometric analysisBiometric analysis"Biometric analysis" means the use of automated systems to identify, track, or categorize individuals based on physical characteristics, including but not limited to facial geometry, gait, or voice.Gen. Bus. Law § 390-f(1)(c), and community alert features. (c) "Biometric analysisBiometric analysis"Biometric analysis" means the use of automated systems to identify, track, or categorize individuals based on physical characteristics, including but not limited to facial geometry, gait, or voice.Gen. Bus. Law § 390-f(1)(c)" means the use of automated systems to identify, track, or categorize individuals based on physical characteristics, including but not limited to facial geometry, gait, or voice. (d) "Default settingDefault setting"Default setting" means any configuration of a networked camera device that is active upon initial setup without affirmative action by the owner of such device.Gen. Bus. Law § 390-f(1)(d)" means any configuration of a networked camera deviceNetworked camera device"Networked camera device" means any internet-connected device sold to consumers that captures video or still images of persons or property, including but not limited to video doorbells, security cameras, and similar devices.Gen. Bus. Law § 390-f(1)(a) that is active upon initial setup without affirmative action by the owner of such device. (e) "Manufacturer or operatorManufacturer or operator"Manufacturer or operator" means a person or entity that: (i) manufactures a networked camera device; and/or (ii) provides digital services to owners of internet-connected networked camera devices, including but not limited to, accessing recorded video footage or still images that are saved on a remote server, remote access to live video footage, or access to other features of such networked camera devices.Gen. Bus. Law § 390-f(1)(e)" means a person or entity that: (i) manufactures a networked camera deviceNetworked camera device"Networked camera device" means any internet-connected device sold to consumers that captures video or still images of persons or property, including but not limited to video doorbells, security cameras, and similar devices.Gen. Bus. Law § 390-f(1)(a); and/or (ii) provides digital services to owners of internet-connected networked camera devicesNetworked camera device"Networked camera device" means any internet-connected device sold to consumers that captures video or still images of persons or property, including but not limited to video doorbells, security cameras, and similar devices.Gen. Bus. Law § 390-f(1)(a), including but not limited to, accessing recorded video footage or still images that are saved on a remote server, remote access to live video footage, or access to other features of such networked camera devicesNetworked camera device"Networked camera device" means any internet-connected device sold to consumers that captures video or still images of persons or property, including but not limited to video doorbells, security cameras, and similar devices.Gen. Bus. Law § 390-f(1)(a). (f) "OwnerOwner"Owner" means the owner of a networked camera device.Gen. Bus. Law § 390-f(1)(f)" means the owner of a networked camera deviceNetworked camera device"Networked camera device" means any internet-connected device sold to consumers that captures video or still images of persons or property, including but not limited to video doorbells, security cameras, and similar devices.Gen. Bus. Law § 390-f(1)(a).
Subdivision 1 establishes the definitional framework for the Consumer Camera Privacy Act. It defines the key terms — networked camera device, coordinated surveillance feature, biometric analysis, default setting, manufacturer or operator, and owner — that control the scope of all subsequent obligations. The definition of coordinated surveillance feature is notably broad, encompassing any function that shares footage or derivative data with anyone other than the device owner, including community alert features and crowdsourced tracking systems.
(2)(a) 1 No manufacturer or operator of a networked camera deviceNetworked camera device"Networked camera device" means any internet-connected device sold to consumers that captures video or still images of persons or property, including but not limited to video doorbells, security cameras, and similar devices.Gen. Bus. Law § 390-f(1)(a) shall: (a) enable any coordinated surveillance featureCoordinated surveillance feature"Coordinated surveillance feature" means any function of a networked camera device that transmits, shares, pools, or makes video footage or derivative data accessible to persons other than the owner of such networked camera device, including but not limited to networked search functions, crowdsourced tracking systems, biometric analysis, and community alert features.Gen. Bus. Law § 390-f(1)(b) as a default settingDefault setting"Default setting" means any configuration of a networked camera device that is active upon initial setup without affirmative action by the owner of such device.Gen. Bus. Law § 390-f(1)(d); provided, however, that such coordinated surveillance featuresCoordinated surveillance feature"Coordinated surveillance feature" means any function of a networked camera device that transmits, shares, pools, or makes video footage or derivative data accessible to persons other than the owner of such networked camera device, including but not limited to networked search functions, crowdsourced tracking systems, biometric analysis, and community alert features.Gen. Bus. Law § 390-f(1)(b) may be offered only upon the ownerOwner"Owner" means the owner of a networked camera device.Gen. Bus. Law § 390-f(1)(f)'s affirmative opt-in consent, obtained separately from general terms of service;
(2)(b) 2 use footage captured by an ownerOwner"Owner" means the owner of a networked camera device.Gen. Bus. Law § 390-f(1)(f)'s networked camera deviceNetworked camera device"Networked camera device" means any internet-connected device sold to consumers that captures video or still images of persons or property, including but not limited to video doorbells, security cameras, and similar devices.Gen. Bus. Law § 390-f(1)(a) for algorithm training, product development, or any purpose other than providing services directly requested by such ownerOwner"Owner" means the owner of a networked camera device.Gen. Bus. Law § 390-f(1)(f), without separate affirmative consent;
(2)(c) 3 retain footage captured by a networked camera deviceNetworked camera device"Networked camera device" means any internet-connected device sold to consumers that captures video or still images of persons or property, including but not limited to video doorbells, security cameras, and similar devices.Gen. Bus. Law § 390-f(1)(a) that has not been activated with a paid subscription or affirmative ownerOwner"Owner" means the owner of a networked camera device.Gen. Bus. Law § 390-f(1)(f) setup for more than seventy-two hours, unless such ownerOwner"Owner" means the owner of a networked camera device.Gen. Bus. Law § 390-f(1)(f) affirmatively elects longer retention; or
(2)(d) 4 condition basic networked camera deviceNetworked camera device"Networked camera device" means any internet-connected device sold to consumers that captures video or still images of persons or property, including but not limited to video doorbells, security cameras, and similar devices.Gen. Bus. Law § 390-f(1)(a) functionality on ownerOwner"Owner" means the owner of a networked camera device.Gen. Bus. Law § 390-f(1)(f) participation in any coordinated surveillance featureCoordinated surveillance feature"Coordinated surveillance feature" means any function of a networked camera device that transmits, shares, pools, or makes video footage or derivative data accessible to persons other than the owner of such networked camera device, including but not limited to networked search functions, crowdsourced tracking systems, biometric analysis, and community alert features.Gen. Bus. Law § 390-f(1)(b).
Subdivision 2 is the operative core of the bill, imposing four categorical prohibitions on manufacturers and operators. The most significant is the ban on enabling coordinated surveillance features as a default setting — these features may only be activated through affirmative opt-in consent obtained separately from general terms of service. This consent-separation requirement means a buried checkbox in a ToS acceptance flow will not suffice. The subdivision also restricts secondary use of captured footage for algorithm training or product development without separate consent, caps default footage retention at 72 hours absent affirmative owner election, and prohibits tying basic device functionality to coordinated surveillance participation.
(3)(a)(i)–(iv) 5 3. Disclosure requirements. (a) At the point of sale of any networked camera deviceNetworked camera device"Networked camera device" means any internet-connected device sold to consumers that captures video or still images of persons or property, including but not limited to video doorbells, security cameras, and similar devices.Gen. Bus. Law § 390-f(1)(a), the following disclosures shall be displayed prominently and separately from other product information regarding such networked camera deviceNetworked camera device"Networked camera device" means any internet-connected device sold to consumers that captures video or still images of persons or property, including but not limited to video doorbells, security cameras, and similar devices.Gen. Bus. Law § 390-f(1)(a): (i) whether such networked camera deviceNetworked camera device"Networked camera device" means any internet-connected device sold to consumers that captures video or still images of persons or property, including but not limited to video doorbells, security cameras, and similar devices.Gen. Bus. Law § 390-f(1)(a) records to local storage, remote server storage, or both; (ii) whether any footage is transmitted to the manufacturer or operatorManufacturer or operator"Manufacturer or operator" means a person or entity that: (i) manufactures a networked camera device; and/or (ii) provides digital services to owners of internet-connected networked camera devices, including but not limited to, accessing recorded video footage or still images that are saved on a remote server, remote access to live video footage, or access to other features of such networked camera devices.Gen. Bus. Law § 390-f(1)(e), or other third parties, absent ownerOwner"Owner" means the owner of a networked camera device.Gen. Bus. Law § 390-f(1)(f) action; (iii) whether any coordinated surveillance featureCoordinated surveillance feature"Coordinated surveillance feature" means any function of a networked camera device that transmits, shares, pools, or makes video footage or derivative data accessible to persons other than the owner of such networked camera device, including but not limited to networked search functions, crowdsourced tracking systems, biometric analysis, and community alert features.Gen. Bus. Law § 390-f(1)(b) is included and, if so, such coordinated surveillance featureCoordinated surveillance feature"Coordinated surveillance feature" means any function of a networked camera device that transmits, shares, pools, or makes video footage or derivative data accessible to persons other than the owner of such networked camera device, including but not limited to networked search functions, crowdsourced tracking systems, biometric analysis, and community alert features.Gen. Bus. Law § 390-f(1)(b)'s default status; and (iv) such networked camera deviceNetworked camera device"Networked camera device" means any internet-connected device sold to consumers that captures video or still images of persons or property, including but not limited to video doorbells, security cameras, and similar devices.Gen. Bus. Law § 390-f(1)(a)'s data retention practices.
(3)(b) 6 Upon initial setup of a networked camera deviceNetworked camera device"Networked camera device" means any internet-connected device sold to consumers that captures video or still images of persons or property, including but not limited to video doorbells, security cameras, and similar devices.Gen. Bus. Law § 390-f(1)(a), the manufacturer or operatorManufacturer or operator"Manufacturer or operator" means a person or entity that: (i) manufactures a networked camera device; and/or (ii) provides digital services to owners of internet-connected networked camera devices, including but not limited to, accessing recorded video footage or still images that are saved on a remote server, remote access to live video footage, or access to other features of such networked camera devices.Gen. Bus. Law § 390-f(1)(e) shall present the consumer with a plain-language summary of data collection practices before any recording function is enabled on such networked camera deviceNetworked camera device"Networked camera device" means any internet-connected device sold to consumers that captures video or still images of persons or property, including but not limited to video doorbells, security cameras, and similar devices.Gen. Bus. Law § 390-f(1)(a).
Subdivision 3 imposes two distinct disclosure obligations: a point-of-sale disclosure and an initial-setup disclosure. At the point of sale, four specific categories of information must be displayed prominently and separately from other product information — covering storage location, third-party data transmission, coordinated surveillance feature presence and default status, and data retention practices. At initial device setup, a plain-language summary of data collection practices must be presented before any recording function is enabled. The pre-recording-enablement trigger is notable: the disclosure must precede, not accompany, the device's first capture of footage.
(4)(a) 7 Upon request, a manufacturer or operatorManufacturer or operator"Manufacturer or operator" means a person or entity that: (i) manufactures a networked camera device; and/or (ii) provides digital services to owners of internet-connected networked camera devices, including but not limited to, accessing recorded video footage or still images that are saved on a remote server, remote access to live video footage, or access to other features of such networked camera devices.Gen. Bus. Law § 390-f(1)(e) shall provide the ownerOwner"Owner" means the owner of a networked camera device.Gen. Bus. Law § 390-f(1)(f) with all footage captured by such ownerOwner"Owner" means the owner of a networked camera device.Gen. Bus. Law § 390-f(1)(f)'s networked camera deviceNetworked camera device"Networked camera device" means any internet-connected device sold to consumers that captures video or still images of persons or property, including but not limited to video doorbells, security cameras, and similar devices.Gen. Bus. Law § 390-f(1)(a) within seventy-two hours, regardless of subscription status, in a commonly used electronic format.
(4)(b) 8 Upon request, a manufacturer or operatorManufacturer or operator"Manufacturer or operator" means a person or entity that: (i) manufactures a networked camera device; and/or (ii) provides digital services to owners of internet-connected networked camera devices, including but not limited to, accessing recorded video footage or still images that are saved on a remote server, remote access to live video footage, or access to other features of such networked camera devices.Gen. Bus. Law § 390-f(1)(e) shall delete all footage and derivative data associated with an ownerOwner"Owner" means the owner of a networked camera device.Gen. Bus. Law § 390-f(1)(f)'s networked camera deviceNetworked camera device"Networked camera device" means any internet-connected device sold to consumers that captures video or still images of persons or property, including but not limited to video doorbells, security cameras, and similar devices.Gen. Bus. Law § 390-f(1)(a) within thirty days.
(4)(c) 9 An ownerOwner"Owner" means the owner of a networked camera device.Gen. Bus. Law § 390-f(1)(f) may revoke consent to any coordinated surveillance featureCoordinated surveillance feature"Coordinated surveillance feature" means any function of a networked camera device that transmits, shares, pools, or makes video footage or derivative data accessible to persons other than the owner of such networked camera device, including but not limited to networked search functions, crowdsourced tracking systems, biometric analysis, and community alert features.Gen. Bus. Law § 390-f(1)(b) at any time, and such revocation shall take effect within twenty-four hours.
Subdivision 4 creates three owner data rights: a right to access all captured footage within 72 hours regardless of subscription status, a right to deletion of all footage and derivative data within 30 days, and a right to revoke consent to any coordinated surveillance feature at any time with revocation effective within 24 hours. The access right is notable for being subscription-agnostic — even owners who have not paid for cloud storage can demand their footage. The deletion right extends to derivative data, which would include AI-generated metadata, biometric templates, and analytics derived from footage.
(5)(a) 10 No footage from a coordinated surveillance featureCoordinated surveillance feature"Coordinated surveillance feature" means any function of a networked camera device that transmits, shares, pools, or makes video footage or derivative data accessible to persons other than the owner of such networked camera device, including but not limited to networked search functions, crowdsourced tracking systems, biometric analysis, and community alert features.Gen. Bus. Law § 390-f(1)(b) shall be disclosed to any law enforcement agency except pursuant to a warrant issued upon probable cause or the networked camera deviceNetworked camera device"Networked camera device" means any internet-connected device sold to consumers that captures video or still images of persons or property, including but not limited to video doorbells, security cameras, and similar devices.Gen. Bus. Law § 390-f(1)(a)'s ownerOwner"Owner" means the owner of a networked camera device.Gen. Bus. Law § 390-f(1)(f)'s voluntary and informed consent given in response to a specific request.
(5)(b) 11 Manufacturers and operators shall publish annual transparency reports detailing the number of law enforcement requests received, the number complied with, and the legal process relied upon.
Subdivision 5 restricts law enforcement access to footage obtained through coordinated surveillance features. Access is permitted only pursuant to a warrant issued upon probable cause or upon the owner's voluntary and informed consent given in response to a specific request. Manufacturers and operators must also publish annual transparency reports detailing the number of law enforcement requests received, the number complied with, and the legal process relied upon. The warrant requirement is significant — it bars informal law enforcement requests and subpoenas for coordinated surveillance data, effectively requiring Fourth Amendment–level process for all non-consensual disclosures.
(6)(a) The attorney general may bring an action to enjoin violations of this section and to obtain civil penalties of up to ten thousand dollars per violation, or up to twenty-five thousand dollars per violation where such violation was willful.
(6)(b) Any person injured by a violation of this section may bring a civil action to recover actual damages or five hundred dollars per violation, whichever is greater, plus reasonable attorney's fees and costs.
Subdivision 6 establishes a dual enforcement mechanism. The attorney general may bring an action for injunctive relief and civil penalties of up to $10,000 per violation, rising to $25,000 per willful violation. Separately, any person injured by a violation may bring a private civil action to recover the greater of actual damages or $500 per violation, plus reasonable attorney's fees and costs. The private right of action does not require proof of actual harm for the statutory minimum — the $500 floor applies per violation regardless.