Oklahoma · House Bill · 2023–2024 Regular Session
HB3453
Oklahoma HB 3453 — Artificial Intelligence Definitions and Rights of Oklahomans When Interacting with Artificial Intelligence

Status ● Failed Effective N/A Passage Likelihood N/A

WHAT THIS BILL REGULATES · 5 REQUIREMENT TYPES

How Is This Bill Enforced

Enforcement Authority
The bill enumerates citizen rights but does not specify an enforcement authority, enforcement mechanism, private right of action, or designated agency enforcer.
Private Right of Action
No private right of action. Enforcement is exclusive to the designated authority.
Penalties
The bill does not specify any remedies, penalties, or damages.

What This Bill Requires

Verbatim statutory text on the left; plain-language analysis and a per-section checklist on the right. Numbered markers cross-link to the matching checklist row.

Statutory Text
Analysis & Obligations
25 O.S. § 160.1
Definitions

(1) "Artificial intelligenceArtificial intelligence"Artificial intelligence" means: a. a system that: (1) performs tasks under varying and unpredictable circumstances without significant human oversight or can learn from experience and improve such performance when exposed to data sets, (2) is developed in any context, including, but not limited to, software or physical hardware, and solves tasks requiring human-like perception, cognition, planning, learning, communication, or physical action, or (3) is designed to: (a) think or act like a human, including, but not limited to, a cognitive architecture or neural network, or (b) act rationally, including, but not limited to, an intelligent software agent or embodied robot that achieves goals using perception, planning, reasoning, learning, communication, decision-making or action, or b. a set of techniques including, but not limited to, machine learning, that is designed to approximate a cognitive task.25 O.S. § 160.1(1)" means: a. a system that: (1) performs tasks under varying and unpredictable circumstances without significant human oversight or can learn from experience and improve such performance when exposed to data sets, (2) is developed in any context, including, but not limited to, software or physical hardware, and solves tasks requiring human-like perception, cognition, planning, learning, communication, or physical action, or (3) is designed to: (a) think or act like a human, including, but not limited to, a cognitive architecture or neural network, or (b) act rationally, including, but not limited to, an intelligent software agent or embodied robot that achieves goals using perception, planning, reasoning, learning, communication, decision-making or action, or b. a set of techniques including, but not limited to, machine learning, that is designed to approximate a cognitive task;

(2) "Real personReal person"Real person" means an actual biological human being as opposed to a system or model meant to emulate human interactions.25 O.S. § 160.1(2)" means an actual biological human being as opposed to a system or model meant to emulate human interactions.

This section establishes the two defined terms used throughout the act. Artificial intelligence is defined broadly to encompass both AI systems (autonomous task performers, learning systems, human-emulating architectures, and rational agents) and AI techniques such as machine learning. Real person is defined as a biological human, contrasted with any system or model emulating human interactions. These definitions serve the operative rights provisions in Section 160.2 but impose no obligations themselves.

25 O.S. § 160.2
Rights of citizens interacting with artificial intelligence
DeployerDeveloperPublisher

(1) 1 The right to know when they are interacting with an artificial intelligenceArtificial intelligence"Artificial intelligence" means: a. a system that: (1) performs tasks under varying and unpredictable circumstances without significant human oversight or can learn from experience and improve such performance when exposed to data sets, (2) is developed in any context, including, but not limited to, software or physical hardware, and solves tasks requiring human-like perception, cognition, planning, learning, communication, or physical action, or (3) is designed to: (a) think or act like a human, including, but not limited to, a cognitive architecture or neural network, or (b) act rationally, including, but not limited to, an intelligent software agent or embodied robot that achieves goals using perception, planning, reasoning, learning, communication, decision-making or action, or b. a set of techniques including, but not limited to, machine learning, that is designed to approximate a cognitive task.25 O.S. § 160.1(1) engine rather than a real personReal person"Real person" means an actual biological human being as opposed to a system or model meant to emulate human interactions.25 O.S. § 160.1(2) in an interaction where consequential information is exchanged;

(2) 2 The right to know when contracts and other legally binding documents that they are being asked to execute are generated entirely by an artificial intelligenceArtificial intelligence"Artificial intelligence" means: a. a system that: (1) performs tasks under varying and unpredictable circumstances without significant human oversight or can learn from experience and improve such performance when exposed to data sets, (2) is developed in any context, including, but not limited to, software or physical hardware, and solves tasks requiring human-like perception, cognition, planning, learning, communication, or physical action, or (3) is designed to: (a) think or act like a human, including, but not limited to, a cognitive architecture or neural network, or (b) act rationally, including, but not limited to, an intelligent software agent or embodied robot that achieves goals using perception, planning, reasoning, learning, communication, decision-making or action, or b. a set of techniques including, but not limited to, machine learning, that is designed to approximate a cognitive task.25 O.S. § 160.1(1) engine and not reviewed by a real personReal person"Real person" means an actual biological human being as opposed to a system or model meant to emulate human interactions.25 O.S. § 160.1(2);

(3) 3 The right to know when they are consuming images or text that were generated entirely by an artificial intelligenceArtificial intelligence"Artificial intelligence" means: a. a system that: (1) performs tasks under varying and unpredictable circumstances without significant human oversight or can learn from experience and improve such performance when exposed to data sets, (2) is developed in any context, including, but not limited to, software or physical hardware, and solves tasks requiring human-like perception, cognition, planning, learning, communication, or physical action, or (3) is designed to: (a) think or act like a human, including, but not limited to, a cognitive architecture or neural network, or (b) act rationally, including, but not limited to, an intelligent software agent or embodied robot that achieves goals using perception, planning, reasoning, learning, communication, decision-making or action, or b. a set of techniques including, but not limited to, machine learning, that is designed to approximate a cognitive task.25 O.S. § 160.1(1) engine and not reviewed by a real personReal person"Real person" means an actual biological human being as opposed to a system or model meant to emulate human interactions.25 O.S. § 160.1(2), provided that the images or text would lead a reasonable person to believe that such content is real and authentic;

(4) 4 The right to be able to rely on a watermark or some other form of content credentials to verify the authenticity of creative product they generate or consume. Specifically, it shall not be permissible for any websites, social media platforms, search engines, and the like, to remove a watermark or content credential without inserting an updated watermark or content credential that indicates that the original was removed or altered;

(5) 5 The right to know that any company which includes any of their personally identifiable information in an artificial intelligenceArtificial intelligence"Artificial intelligence" means: a. a system that: (1) performs tasks under varying and unpredictable circumstances without significant human oversight or can learn from experience and improve such performance when exposed to data sets, (2) is developed in any context, including, but not limited to, software or physical hardware, and solves tasks requiring human-like perception, cognition, planning, learning, communication, or physical action, or (3) is designed to: (a) think or act like a human, including, but not limited to, a cognitive architecture or neural network, or (b) act rationally, including, but not limited to, an intelligent software agent or embodied robot that achieves goals using perception, planning, reasoning, learning, communication, decision-making or action, or b. a set of techniques including, but not limited to, machine learning, that is designed to approximate a cognitive task.25 O.S. § 160.1(1) model has implemented reasonable security measures for data privacy within the company's industry and conducts regular risk assessments to assess design, operational, and discrimination harm;

(6) 6 The right to consent to any derivative media that is generated by an artificial intelligenceArtificial intelligence"Artificial intelligence" means: a. a system that: (1) performs tasks under varying and unpredictable circumstances without significant human oversight or can learn from experience and improve such performance when exposed to data sets, (2) is developed in any context, including, but not limited to, software or physical hardware, and solves tasks requiring human-like perception, cognition, planning, learning, communication, or physical action, or (3) is designed to: (a) think or act like a human, including, but not limited to, a cognitive architecture or neural network, or (b) act rationally, including, but not limited to, an intelligent software agent or embodied robot that achieves goals using perception, planning, reasoning, learning, communication, decision-making or action, or b. a set of techniques including, but not limited to, machine learning, that is designed to approximate a cognitive task.25 O.S. § 160.1(1) engine and uses audio recordings of the citizen's voice or images of him or her to recreate the citizen's likeness;

(7) 7 The right to be free from unlawful discrimination through algorithmic or model bias which discriminates based on age, race, national origin, sex, disability, pregnancy, religious beliefs, veteran status, or any other legally protected classification to the same extent as if such discrimination were perpetrated by a real personReal person"Real person" means an actual biological human being as opposed to a system or model meant to emulate human interactions.25 O.S. § 160.1(2).

This section enumerates seven rights that all Oklahoma citizens hold when interacting with artificial intelligence. The rights span AI identity disclosure during consequential interactions, notice that legally binding documents are entirely AI-generated and unreviewed, labeling of AI-generated images and text that could mislead a reasonable person, preservation of watermarks and content credentials by platforms, assurance that companies using personal data in AI models maintain reasonable security and conduct risk assessments, consent to AI-generated derivative media using one's voice or likeness, and freedom from algorithmic discrimination across protected characteristics.

The bill is structured as a declaratory rights framework — it states what citizens are entitled to but does not designate an enforcement authority, create a private right of action, or specify penalties. This leaves the practical enforceability of these rights uncertain absent subsequent implementing legislation.

Compliance actions 7 items
1
Entities deploying AI systems must disclose to Oklahoma citizens when they are interacting with an AI rather than a real personReal person"Real person" means an actual biological human being as opposed to a system or model meant to emulate human interactions.25 O.S. § 160.1(2) in any interaction where consequential information is exchanged.
T-01.1
2
Entities presenting contracts or other legally binding documents to Oklahoma citizens must disclose when those documents are generated entirely by AI and not reviewed by a real personReal person"Real person" means an actual biological human being as opposed to a system or model meant to emulate human interactions.25 O.S. § 160.1(2).
T-01.1
3
Entities must disclose to Oklahoma citizens when images or text they are consuming were generated entirely by AI and not reviewed by a real personReal person"Real person" means an actual biological human being as opposed to a system or model meant to emulate human interactions.25 O.S. § 160.1(2), where a reasonable person would believe the content is real and authentic.
T-02.1
4
Websites, social media platforms, search engines, and similar services must not remove a watermark or content credential from creative content without inserting an updated watermark or content credential indicating the original was removed or altered.
T-02.6
5
Companies that include Oklahoma citizens' personally identifiable information in an AI model must implement reasonable security measures for data privacy within their industry and conduct regular risk assessments addressing design, operational, and discrimination harm.
G-01.1
6
Entities must obtain consent from Oklahoma citizens before generating any AI-created derivative media that uses audio recordings of the citizen's voice or images to recreate the citizen's likeness.
CP-02.4
7
Entities must ensure their AI systems do not discriminate through algorithmic or model bias based on age, race, national origin, sex, disability, pregnancy, religious beliefs, veteran status, or any other legally protected classification, to the same extent as if the discrimination were perpetrated by a real personReal person"Real person" means an actual biological human being as opposed to a system or model meant to emulate human interactions.25 O.S. § 160.1(2).
H-02.1
Section 3
Effective date

This act shall become effective November 1, 2024.

This section establishes the effective date of the act as November 1, 2024. As the bill did not pass the Senate, this provision is moot.

Passage Likelihood

Failed
Status Failed
Final action Second Reading referred to Judiciary

Legislative History

2024-02-05 First Reading
2024-02-05 Authored by Representative Boatman
2024-02-06 Second Reading referred to Government Modernization and Technology
2024-02-20 CR; Do Pass Government Modernization and Technology Committee
2024-02-20 Coauthored by Representative(s) Pae
2024-02-20 Authored by Senator Gollihare (principal Senate author)
2024-03-14 General Order
2024-03-14 Coauthored by Representative(s) Maynard
2024-03-14 Amended by floor substitute
2024-03-14 Amended
2024-03-14 Title stricken
2024-03-14 Third Reading, Measure passed: Ayes: 89 Nays: 0
2024-03-14 Referred for engrossment
2024-03-18 Engrossed, signed, to Senate
2024-03-18 First Reading
2024-03-27 Second Reading referred to Judiciary

Entry Last Reviewed

2026-05-16
AI generated